Cars - vintage and modern

GBOU from "School No. 3"

Kurushin Gleb

Leader:

Ragozin Nadezhda Alekseevna

My hobby

Part of the collection of my cars

I am a designer

Purpose of the study –

comparison of modern cars

with past cars.

• Calculate information about different stages of the development of the car.
• To analyze the collected information.
• Conduct survey among class students.
• Conduct survey among parents.
• Create a rating of the most famous cars.
• Release the wallpaper: "" Cars and emblems "

Subject of study –

literature about cars.

Object of study – cars

Hypothesis

• I assume that modern cars differ from vintage not only appearance, but also by other parameters.

Research methods

• Observation
• Analysis
• Questioning
• Collection and processing of information

The story of the word "car

Car (from auto ... and lat. Mobilis - mobile, easily moving), a transport lightning machine mainly on a wheel driving, driven by its own motor (internal combustion, electric or steam).

First vehicle

The first steam vehicle was developed by Nikolas-Joseph Kagnotom and built by M. Barzin in 1769. It could reach a speed of 6 km / h. (!) Two years later, he managed to design another, much faster steam engine,

First car

• The very first cars were actually two . Regardless of each other, two German engineers, Carl Benz and Gottlieb Daimler, at the same time built their self-deviating crews. In 1885, Benz for the first time went on a three-year-sized self-breathing carriage on the streets of the city.
• The novelty did not arouse a special interest, she, rather, frightened the inhabitants of their engine roar.

the first four-wheeled car.

Daimler invented the first four-wheel car.

This car accelerated

up to 18 km / h

First racing car

• The very first racing car was Daimler ordered by the Austrian entrepreneur and was named after His daughter Mercedes. This car was improved and developed a speed40 km / h.

The first Russian car

• The first Russian car was born on the banks of the Neva. Built him two Petersburg inventors Evgeny Yakovlev and Peter Mill in 1896 year. In appearance, their car resembled the car of Karl Benz.

Henry Ford

When most people think about the first cars on the roads, it seems to them that their creator was Henry Ford.

This is not quite so. For the first time, one of Henry Ford cars came to the public just in 1896. Henry sold his first car, which he called Quadracycle, and using all the reversed money, to build another car. The next Ford car will offer for sale only in 1903.

First mass car Ford

This is the ancestor of Italian sports cars

And this is his descendant.

Incredibly fast, luxury car.

Just a dream!!!

A branch of a minibus

Modern minibus

This is a grandfather Mercedes

Mercedes 600.

He doesn't look like his grandfather at all

This is a relative of the sports car

This is a modern sports car.

It can develop speed over 300 km / h

Cars of Future

Cadillac with nuclear engine

Car,

Car with a hybrid engine

operating from electricity

Flying cars

car car

• For many years, scientists develop the projects of flying cars

How many cars on our planet?

On our planet travels approximately 522 million passenger cars. Most of the cars in the small town of Luxembourg. For each resident there are 6 cars. The largest number of cars produces Japan annually. Approximately 8 million pieces. In second place-US. There are six and a half million cars. In third place-Germany.

How many cars in Verkhoturier?

At the beginning of March 2014 was registered in Verkhturier 6517Mashin.

What should be the car of the future?

Questionnament of classmates

• 1. How do you like car brands?

The most popular answers:

• Mercedes- 5 VAZ -3 Volga -2 BMW-6 Toyota -2 Skoda-4 Peugeot-2 Lamborghini -1 Jeep Hammer-1
• Mercedes- 5.
• VAZ -3.
• Volga -2.
• BMW-6.
• Toyota -2.
• Skoda-4.
• Peugeot-2.
• Lamborghini -1
• Jeep Hammer-1

• Why does a person need a car?

For a trip to work-22

For convenience, 3.

• Beautiful - 5 people
• Speed \u200b\u200b-12 people
• Safe - 20 people
• Eco-friendly -15 people

Most of the children of the class believe that the car is not needed for entertainment, but for business movements, and appreciate in cars security.

Questioning of parents

• You have a car and if there is, what brand?
• 2.Why did you buy this car?
• 3. What kind of car would you like to buy and why?

• Mostly parents bought that car, which was more suitable in price, and buy the most comfortable and safe dream.

My favorite car .

The most important driver document

This is a driver's license. The very first driver's licenses received the inventor of Motocolus Karl Benz in 1888. In Russia in 1910, opened the school of the chauffeurs. To get rights, it was necessary not only to know the rules of the road, drive cars and be able to deal with it, but also provide a photo or drawing of your car.

Red Yellow, green. ( or a few words about road rules)

Rules of road traffic as many years as the car. At first they looked like a collection of prohibitions. Moreover, for each city and for each country, there was a collection of prohibitions. Gradually, the rules led to a single standard and in this form reached our days. No need to forget that the rules of the road concern absolutely everyone who comes out of the house to the street. Pedestrians also participants in the road, and it is necessary to comply with the rules of the road.

Output:

This work:

• allowed me to learn a lot of new and interesting about the history of the car;
• gave advanced knowledge to create and the emergence of new car brands;
• Modern machines exceed their ancestors in the creativity of the appearance, engine power, ecology.
• i believe that my research work will be useful to those guys who are not familiar with the development of automotive industry and will allow them to learn a lot about the history of the car.

Literature

The presentation used materials from the site:

votrube.ru,

copupast.ru,

wallPlanet.ru.

Slide 2.

The first car and its creator of the car properties Classification of cars car models and ratings of their sales Information sources

Slide 3.

Pioneer Auto Grosty

Karl Friedrich Benz is a German mechanic and an entrepreneur, a foster pioneer, officially recognized as one of the creators of the first car. Born on November 26, 1844 in Ladenburg. Graduate "Higher Polytechnic School" in Karlsruhe. He worked as a photographer, watchmaker, worker, drawer and mechanic. In 1871, he decided to establish a firm on the construction of internal combustion engines developed by him. In 1879, Benz tried to patent his engine, but it turned out that such an engine is already patented in the UK. Nevertheless, he received a patent, however, only on the fuel supply system used in its engine. In 1883, Benz founded in Mannheim "BenzhendcompanishegshmontorFabrik" and began experiments on the construction of a motor carriage in his domestic workshop.

Slide 4.

First car

In 1885, a first sample of a 3-wheel car with a single-cylinder engine appeared. It was an open crew weighing 250 kilograms on wheels of bicycle type, with knitting needles, and the front wheel is much less than two rear leading. The single-cylinder four-stroke engine developed the power of 0.85 horsepower and gave 200 revolutions per minute. Placed the engine from behind, under the seat. His engine power has enough to overclock the machine to 15 kilometers per hour. On July 3, 1886, Benz decided to go for the first time on his car to Mingheim's streets, his hometown. Then the engine crackle and the appearance of the wondrous carriage of all frightened. Total Benz built three such cars. Two of them disappeared, and one is in the German Museum in Munich, and it has been preserved perfectly, you can travel on it now.

Slide 5.

Mercedes Benz

On January 29, 1886, the inventor received a German imperial patent for the "crew with a gas engine" called Motorwagen. In 1893, Benz began to produce a 4-wheel car "Victoria" with a power engine with three horsepower, in 1894 the model "Velo" went to production. By the beginning of 1901, the enterprise Benz became one of the largest in the industry. In recognition of the merit of the engineer, the Higher Polytechnic School in Karlsruhe assigned him a degree of Honorary Doctor. In Russia, the first car Mercedes-Benz with a capacity of 1.5 liters with two seats appeared in 1894. For the first time sold in 1895 in St. Petersburg. Subsequently, the first car brand "Benz" became the prototype of the first Russian serial car of the gasoline gas major factory Yakovlev in St. Petersburg.

Slide 6.

Description of the main properties of the car

Reliability - the property of the car in which it is capable of performing specified functions, keeping the values \u200b\u200bof the established operational indicators in the specified limits corresponding to the specified modes and conditions of use, maintenance, repairs, storage and transportation. Performance - the property of the car in which it is capable of performing specified functions, keeping the values \u200b\u200bof the specified parameters within the limits set by the regulatory and technical documentation. Undetyability - the property of the car continuously maintain performance for some time or some workers.

Slide 7.

Classification of cars

The car is a self-propelled vehicle presented for the transport of goods, people and performing special tasks. Cars are designed for transportation from one to seven passengers. Buses are intended for mass passenger traffic. Buses, depending on the purpose refer to M to intercity or urban. A separate group consists of tourist buses. Depending on the passenger, buses are divided into small, medium and large compatibility buses. Trucks can have a platform and be used as universal vehicles for the transport of various goods and can be specialized bodies adapted to transport individual goods. In addition to the type of body, trucks are classified for carrying capacity and passability. Special vehicles are designed to perform one task. These include: firefighters, sanitary, autotower, watering, auto repair shops. * Classification of cars can be seen in the diagram

Slide 1.

Clade 2.

Slide 3.

Slide 4.

Slide 5.

Slide 6.

Slide 7.

Slide 8.

Subject:

General device car

Amounted to:

lecturer Spetsdiscipline

Agimephaev Redvan Ismetovich

General device car

The car of any modification consists of interconnected main parts: engine, chassis and body, each of which has a certain purpose.

Engine

On most cars, piston internal combustion engines are installed, converting the thermal energy of the combusting fuel into the mechanical, you need to move the car.

W and with C and

Car chassis includes transmissions (power transmission), driving part and control mechanisms

Transmission

The transmission transmits torque from the engine to the leading wheels of the car vehicle and consists of clutch, gearbox, cardan transmission, main transmission, differential and semi-axes.

• Clutch – It serves for short-term disconnecting of the gearbox from the engine, smoothly connecting them when driving a car from the place and shift transmissions.
• Transmission - Allows you to change the magnitude of the torque transmitted from the engine crankshaft to the cardan shaft, dissolve the engine for a long time and leading wheels and ensure the movement of the car with reverse.
• Cardan transfer - transmits torque from the gearbox to the main transmission under the changing corners.
• main gear - It serves to transfer torque at a right angle from the cardan shaft through the differential to the axes of leading wheels and to increase it.
• Differential - It provides the possibility of rotating the leading wheels with a different frequency when the car is moving on the turns and on the uneven road.
• Pointers - transmit rotation to the leading wheels.

Chassis

The chassis of the car consists of a frame (in the lung-carrying body) and car suspension mechanisms: springs, shock absorbers.

Control mechanisms

Control mechanisms include steering and brake system.

Steering control - Change the direction of movement of the car by turning controlled wheels.

Brake system - Provides a decrease in the velocity of the car, its complete stop and hold in a fixed state.

Body

The cargo car body and cabin are divided.

The body includes platform with sides (van, tank, etc.), and it is designed to accommodate goods.

The cockpit is located for the driver and one or two passengers.

Cars and buses have body to accommodate passengers and a driver's workplace.

Description of the presentation on individual slides:

1 Slide

Slide description:

2 Slide

Slide description:

Introduction Today: Cars fully captured major cities. In the XXI century, the car is waiting for significant changes: from the invader, he needs to turn into a smart assistant. Other cars will be replaced - faster, cleaner, safer. In the last century, the car submitted a person to himself, forcing people to fuck and cherish a "four-wheeled friend."

3 Slide

Slide description:

What will be the car of the future? Probably, many watched films about fiction or dreamed of moving in a time car. And probably represented what the car will be the car. I suggest a look at the car, what it will be in 30 years.

4 Slide

Slide description:

The basic principles of automotive industry today and tomorrow: 1. Pursuit of economy - Today, modern engines consume fuel from petroleum products, the reserves of which in the depths of the earth are reduced every year; - Tomorrow the electric motor will be small and can eat from a conventional electrical outlet. 2. Increased power - with the development of technologies and science every year the power of the engine is growing.

5 Slide

Slide description:

3. Ecology - today cars pollute the environment, exhausts poison air; - Tomorrow electric motor will be environmentally friendly. 4. Security - a modern car must be safe to protect the driver and passenger in cases of accident. - Today there is already a driver surveillance system: the camera scans the face, the sensors fix the obstacle on the way of movement, which allows not to give the driver to be distracted from the road. -Reproi with the development of navigation and autopiloting technologies, this type of transport will become the safest.

6 Slide

Slide description:

5. Reducing the size of the car is the main task of the future, since the cars every year becomes more and more, and the road space does not increase, small-sized cars will be very popular.

7 Slide

Slide description:

It is already working! The digital rear view cameras transmit the image to the driver to the monitor in the cabin. Exhibition in the International Motor Shhery. Circular Overview - Nissan has already made a system that provides the driver top view on his car. The image comes with several outdoor digital cameras. It is very helpful to see the location of all neighboring cars fighting for a place in a car traffic jam. Communication system between cars. Sitting in a car, the driver can transfer messages over the chain, the driver of another car.

8 Slide

Slide description:

Fantasy will become a reality! In the future, the car will not remain mechanical parts - everything will replace the electronics. Electronics will have more rights in management than the driver, it will follow the car, driver and behind the road situation. Electronics will completely replace the driver. Then a person only has to set the route, and the car himself will take it to the destination, even from Saratov to Paris - the navigation system will enhance the entire globe. The profession of the driver in the future, is waiting for the same fate as Kucherov at the beginning of the 20th century.

9 Slide

Slide description:

In the cities of megapolis, roads and streets turn into one solid plug. What is the most difficult? - Sleep your car to park. The car will be able to fold and decay in length. Park such a car will not be difficult, especially since the car will be able to rotate around its axis, because each wheel turns 120 degrees and has its own micromotor.

10 Slide

Slide description:

The car that feeds on the air! The biggest problem with which environmentalists from all over the world are puzzled is emissions of exhaust gases. Modern automotors are already being introduced into their cars MDI invented a unique car, which runs on ordinary air. This machine is powered by the usual air, which we breathe and throws it out - the air is back into the atmosphere. Pistons moves highly compressed air.

11 Slide