In energy-saving engines, due to an increase in the mass of active materials (iron and copper), nominal values \u200b\u200bof the efficiency and COSJ are elevated. Energy-saving engines are used, for example, in the United States, and give an effect at constant load. The expediency of using energy-saving engines should be assessed with additional costs, since a small (up to 5%) increase in nominal efficiency and COSJ is achieved by increasing the weight of iron by 30-35%, copper for 20-25%, aluminum by 10-15%, t .. The increase in the cost of the engine is 30-40%.

The estimated dependences of the efficiency (H) and COs J from the rated power for conventional and energy-saving engines of GOUDD (USA) are shown in the figure.

An increase in the efficiency of energy-saving electric motors is achieved by the following changes in the design:

· The cores collected from individual plates of electrical steel with small losses are extended. Such cores reduce magnetic induction, i.e. Losses in steel.

· Reduce copper losses due to the maximum use of grooves and the use of conductor of increased cross-section in the stator and rotor.

· Extension losses are minimized by a thorough choice of the number and geometry of teeth and grooves.

· It is released during operation less heat, which allows to reduce the power and dimensions of the cooling fan, which leads to a decrease in fan losses and, consequently, a decrease in total power losses.

Electric motors with increased efficiency ensure reduction of electricity costs by reducing the losses in the electric motor.

The tests of three "energy-saving" electric motors have shown that with full load, the resulting savings amounted to: 3.3% for an electric motor 3 kW, 6% for an electric motor 7.5 kW and 4.5% for a 22 kW electric motor.

Savings at full load is approximately 0.45 kW, which is 0.06 dollar / kW. h is 0.027 dollars / h. This is equivalent to 6% of the operating cost of the electric motor.

The price of an ordinary electric motor of 7.5 kW, given in the price list, is 171 US dollar, while the cost of an electric motor with an increased efficiency is 296 US dollars (added to the price - 125 US dollars). From the given table, it follows that the payback period for an electric motor with an increased efficiency, calculated on the basis of marginal costs, is approximately 5000 hours, which is equivalent to 6.8 months of operation of the electric motor at rated load. At lower loads, the payback period will be somewhat larger.

The efficiency of using energy-saving engines will be the higher the greater the engine loading and the closer the operation mode to constant load.

The use and replacement of engines to energy-saving should be assessed taking into account all the additional costs and the timing of their operation.

In accordance with the Federal Law of the Russian Federation "On Energy Saving" At the industrial enterprise, measures should be developed to save electricity in relation to each electrical installation. First of all, this refers to electromechanical devices with electrical drive, the main element of which the electric motor. It is known that more than half of the entire electricity produced in the world are consumed by electric motors in the electric drives of workers, mechanisms, vehicles. Therefore, measures to save electricity in electric drives are most relevant.

The tasks of energy saving require the optimal solution not only during the operation of electrical machines, but also during their design. During the operation of the engine, significant energy losses are observed in transient modes and primarily when it starts.

Energy loss in transient modes can be significantly reduced due to the use of engines with smaller values \u200b\u200bof the moments of the rotor, which is achieved reducing the diameter of the rotor With a simultaneous increase in its length, since the engine power should remain unchanged. For example, it is done in the engines of crane and metallurgical series, designed to work in re-short-term mode, with a large number of inclusions per hour.

An effective way to reduce losses when starting the engines is a start with a gradual increase in voltage that sums up to the stator winding. The energy consumed when braking the engine is equal to kinetic energy stored in moving parts of the electric drive when it starts. The energy-saving effect in braking depends on the method of braking. The greatest energy-saving effect occurs with the generator recuperative braking with the return of energy to the network. With dynamic braking, the engine is disconnected from the network, the stored energy is dissipated in the engine and the energy consumption does not occur from the network.

The greatest energy losses are observed when braking by opposing when electricity consumption is equal to a three-time value of the energy scattered in the engine during dynamic braking. With the installed engine operation mode with a nominal load of energy loss are determined by the nominal value of the efficiency. But if the drive works with a variable load, then during the periods of the recession of the engine, the engine is reduced, which leads to the growth of losses. An effective means of energy saving in this case is to reduce the voltage summing up to the engine during periods of its work with underload. This method of energy saving is possible to implement when the engine is running in the system with adjustable converter If there is a feedback in it in it. The current feedback signal adjusts the converter control signal, causing a decrease in voltage supplied to the engine during periods of reducing the load.

If the drive is an asynchronous motor operating when connecting stator windings "Triangle"The reduction of the supply voltage supply to phase winding can be easily implemented by switching these windings to the connection. "Star"Since in this case phase voltage decreases 1.73 times. This method is also appropriate and because with such a switching increases the engine power factor, which also contributes to energy saving.

When designing an electric drive, it is important to correct choosing engine power. Thus, the choice of engine overestimated rated power leads to a decrease in its technical and economic indicators (efficiency and power factor) caused by the underload of the engine. Such a solution when choosing a motor leads to the growth of capital investments (with increasing power, the cost of the engine increases) and operating costs, since with a decrease in the efficiency and power factor, losses are growing, and, therefore, the non-production consumption of electricity is growing. The use of engines of low rated power causes them overload during operation. As a result, the overheating temperature of the windings is growing, which contributes to the growth of losses and causes a reduction in the service life of the engine. Ultimately, accidents and unforeseen stops of the electric drive arise and, therefore, maintaining operational costs. To the greatest extent, this refers to DC motors due to the presence of a brush-collector assembly that is sensitive to overload.

It has great importance rational choice of start-adjusting equipment. On the one hand, it is desirable that the start-up, reversal braking and speed control processes are accompanied by significant electricity losses, as it leads to the rise in the operation of the electric drive. But, on the other hand, it is desirable that the value of the flow-adjusting devices would not be extremely high, which would lead to an increase in capital investments. Usually these requirements are in contradiction. For example, the use of thyristor battered devices provides the most economical flow of the start and engine control processes, but the cost of these devices is still quite high. Therefore, when solving the question of the appropriateness of the use of thyristor devices, refer to the work schedule of the designed electric drive. If the drive is not subject to significant speed adjustments, frequent starts, reversals, etc., then increased costs of thyristor or other expensive equipment may be unjustified, and the costs associated with energy loss are insignificant. Conversely, with the intensive operation of the electric drive in transition modes, the use of electronic flow-adjusting devices becomes appropriate. In addition, it should be borne in mind that these devices practically do not need to care and their feasibility of economic indicators, including reliability, quite high. It is necessary that the decision on the use of expensive electric drive devices is confirmed by technical and economic calculations.

The solution of the problem of energy saving contributes to the use of synchronous motors that create reactive currents in the supply network, leading the voltage in phase. As a result, the network is unloaded against the reactive (inductive) component of the current, the power factor increases in this area of \u200b\u200bthe network, which leads to a decrease in current in this network and, as a result, to energy saving. The same goals pursue inclusion in the network synchronous compensators. An example of the expedient use of synchronous motors is the electric drive of the compressor installations supplying the enterprise with compressed air. For this, the drive is characterized by a launch at a small load on the shaft, the long mode of operation during a stable load, no braking and reversaries. This mode of operation fully corresponds to the properties of synchronous motors.

Using in the synchronous motor, the over-excitation mode can be achieved significant energy saving on the scale of the enterprise. With a similar purpose, force condenser installations are used ( "cosine" condensers). Creating a current on the network, ahead of phase voltage, these settings are partially compensated by inductive (lagging in phase) currents, which leads to an increase in the power factor of the network, and therefore, to energy saving. Most effective is the application condenser installations Type UKM 58 with automatic maintenance of a predetermined value of the power factor and with a step change in reactive power in the range from 20 to 603 k2 at a voltage of 400 V.

It is necessary to remember that energy saving is aimed at solving not only economic, but also the environmental problems associated with the production of electricity.

Electric motors are standing in a number of main consumers of energy resources. One of the ways to increase the economy of electric motors is to replace the old fleet of electrical machines to new modifications with improved characteristics of energy saving. These are the so-called high-performance or energy efficient engines.

Energy efficient is an engine, in which the efficiency of the efficiency, power factor and reliability is improved using a systematic approach in designing, manufacturing and operation.

Energy efficient motors with the IE2 efficiency class are electric motors whose efficiency is higher than that of standard IE1 models, which means reduced power consumption at the same level of load power.

Along with saving energy consumed, the transition to the use of electric motors of the IE2 class allows:

• increase engine life and equipment related to it;
• increase engine efficiency by 2-5%;
• increase power coefficient;
• improve overload;
• reduce maintenance costs and reduce downtime;
• increase engine stability to thermal loads and to malfunctions of operating conditions;
• reduce the burden on the service personnel due to almost silent work.

Asynchronous electric motors with a short-circuited rotor are currently a significant part among all electrical machines, more than 50% of electricity consumed are on them. It is almost impossible to find the sphere wherever it is used: industrial equipment, pumps, ventilation techniques and much more. Moreover, the volume of the technological park, and the power of the engines is constantly growing.

Energy ENERAL ENERAL ENERGY AIR SERIES ... E ES is constructively completed as three-phase asynchronous single-speed engines with a short-circuited rotor and correspond to GOST P51689-2000.

Energy-efficient engine of the AIR series ... E has increased efficiency due to the following system improvements:

1. The mass of active materials (copper winding of the stator and cold-rolled steel in the stator and rotor packages);
2. Electrical steel with improved magnetic properties and reduced magnetic losses are used;
3. Optimized teeth-dummy zone of the magnetic pipeline and the design of the windings;
4. Isolation with increased thermal conductivity and electric strength;
5. Reduced air gap between the rotor and the stator using high-tech equipment;
6. A special fan design has been used to reduce ventilation losses;
7. Bearings and lubricants are applied higher quality.

The new consumer properties of the AIR series energy efficient engine are based on structural improvements, where a special place is paid to protection against adverse conditions and high sealing.

So, the design features of the AIR series ... uh allow you to minimize the losses in the stator windings. Due to the low temperature of the electric motor, the insulation service life is also extended.

The additional effect gives a decrease in friction and vibration, which means overheating, due to the use of high-quality lubrication and bearings, including a denser bearing lock.

Another aspect associated with the lower temperature of the engine operating engine is the possibility of operation at a higher ambient temperature or the ability to reduce costs associated with the external cooling of the working engine. It also leads to a decrease in electricity costs.

One of the important advantages of a new energy efficient engine is a reduced noise level. In electric motors of the IE2 class, not so powerful and quieter fans are used, which also plays a role in improving aerodynamic properties and reducing ventilation losses.

Minimizing capital and operating costs are key requirements for industrial energy efficient electric motors. As practice shows, the period of compensation due to the price difference when acquiring more advanced asynchronous electric motors of the IE2 class is up to 6 months only by reducing operating costs and consumption of a smaller amount of electricity.

AIR 132M6E (IE2) P2 \u003d 7.5 kW; Efficiency \u003d 88.5%; IN \u003d 16,3A; cosφ \u003d 0,78.
AIR132M6 (IE1) P2 \u003d 7.5 kW; Efficiency \u003d 86.1%; IN \u003d 17.0A; cosφ \u003d 0,77

Power consumption: P1 \u003d P2 / efficiency
Load characteristic: 16 hours a day \u003d 5840 hours a year

Annual economy of electricity costs: 1400 kW / hour

When switching to new energy efficient engines, it is taken into account:

• increased environmental requirements
• requirements for the level of energy efficiency and operational characteristics of products
• energy Efficiency Class IE2 Along with the ability to save as a unified "quality mark" for the consumer
• financial incentives: Ability to reduce power consumption and operating costs Comprehensive solutions: Energy-efficient motor + Efficient control system (adjustable drive) + Efficient protection system \u003d Best result.

Thus, energy efficient engines - These are engines of increased reliability for enterprises focused on energy-saving technologies.

The energy efficiency indicators of the AIR electric motors ... E production of Elerals correspond to GOST P51677-2000 and the international standard IEC 60034-30 in the Energy Efficiency Class of IE2.

For about five years, the NGO St. Petersburg Electrotechnical Company (SPEK) is persistently assembled in enterprises, institutions, scientific centers of the former Union of inclined rats offices, innovation, development.

Another innovation, applicable in Russian realities related to the name Dmitry Aleksandrovich Duyunova, engaged in problem increase energy efficiency asynchronous engines:

"In Russia, the share of asynchronous engines, according to different estimates, falls from 47 to 53% of the consumption of all generated electricity. In industry, an average of 60%, in cold water supply systems up to 80%. They carry out almost all technological processes associated with the movement and encompass All spheres of human life. Each apartment has asynchronous engines more than tenants. Earlier, since the tasks of energy savings were not there, when designing equipment, they strive to "progress", and used engines with a power exceeding the calculated. Electricity savings in the design was designed to the background And such a concept as energy efficiency was not so relevant. The industry of Russia energy-efficient engines did not design and did not release. The transition to a market economy has sharply changed the situation. Today, to save an unit of energy resources, for example, 1 tons of fuel in conditional calculus, twice as cheaper than it is available.

Energy-efficient engines (ED) are asynchronous ED with a short-circuited rotor, in which due to an increase in the mass of active materials, their quality, and also due to special design methods, it was possible to raise 1-2% (powerful engines) or 4-5% ( Small engines) Nominal efficiency with some increase in the engine price. This approach can benefit if the load changes little, speed control is not required and the engine is correctly selected. With the advent of engines with combined windings "Slavyanka" there is an opportunity to significantly improve their parameters without increasing their price. Due to the improved mechanical characteristics and higher energy indicators, it became possible not only to save from 30 to 50% of energy consumption during the same useful work, but also to create an adjustable drive with unique characteristics that has no analogues in the world.

Unlike standard, ED with combined windings have a higher multiplicity of moments, have the efficiency and power factor close to the nominal value in a wide range of loads. This allows you to increase the average load on the engine to 0.8 and increase the performance of the equipment serviced by the drive.

Compared to well-known methods of improving the energy efficiency of an asynchronous drive, the novelty of the approach proposed by us consists in changing the fundamental principle of the design of the classical engine windings. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that new principles for the construction of engines windings are formulated, as well as the choice of the optimal ratios of the numbers of the rotor grooves and the stator. On their basis, industrial designs and schemes of single-layer and two-layer combined windings are developed, both for manual and for automatic winding windings on standard equipment. The technical solutions received a number of patents of the Russian Federation.

The development of the development follows from the fact that, depending on the tripping scheme of the three-phase load to the three-phase network (star or triangle), you can obtain two current systems that form an angle of 30 electrical degrees between vectors. Accordingly, an electric motor that has no three-phase winding can be connected to a three-phase network, and six-phase. In this case, part of the winding must be included in the star, and the part in the triangle and the resulting pole vector of the stars of the stars and the triangle should form an angle of 30 electrical degrees. Combining two schemes in one winding makes it possible to improve the field shape in the engine's working gap and, as a result, significantly improve the main characteristics of the engine.

Compared to known, the frequency-adjustable drive can be performed on the basis of new engines with combined windings with increased power supply frequency. This is achieved at the expense of smaller losses in the engine magnetic pipeline. As a result, the cost of such a drive is significantly lower than when using standard engines, in particular, noise and vibration are significantly reduced. "

Modern three-phase energy-saving engines make it possible to significantly reduce electricity costs due to a higher efficiency. In other words, such engines are capable of developing more mechanical energy from each cyilowatt of electrical energy. More efficient energy spending is achieved due to individual compensation of reactive power. At the same time, the design of energy-saving electric motors is characterized by high reliability and long service life.

Universal Three Phase Energy Saving Electric Motor Wesel 2Sie 80-2B Execution IMB14

The use of three-phase energy-saving engines

It is possible to use three-phase energy-saving engines in almost all sectors. From ordinary three-phase engines, they differ only to low energy consumption. In conditions of continuous increase in energy prices, energy-saving electric motors can become a truly advantageous option for small manufacturers of goods and services and large industrial enterprises.

Money spent on the purchase of a three-phase energy-saving engine will quickly return to you in the form of savings directed to the purchase of electricity. Our store offers you to get an additional benefit by purchasing a high-quality three-phase energy-saving engine along a really low price. Replacing obsolete moral and physically electric motors to the latest high-tech energy-saving models - your next step on a new level of business profitability.