Among the variety of tractors developed by the USSR industry, the products of the Southern Machine-Building Plant in Dnepropetrovsk (now Dnepr) stand out. Created in the late 60s. the YUMZ tractor with the YUMZ-6 marking was produced at the enterprise until 2001, the machine in various modifications was considered the best in the country in its class. It was highly appreciated in the West as well, and Sweden even officially acquired technical documentation, setting up on its basis the production of its own equipment.

YuMZ-6 is a representative of universal wheeled tractors of general purpose, included in the line "Belarus", originally produced by the tractor plant in Minsk, but later mastered at YuMZ.

In the USSR, there was a widespread practice when the equipment developed in the design bureau of one enterprise was mastered by another enterprise from the same sphere, and was produced either under the original brand or under the own name of the successor plant. The prototype of the YUMZ-6 tractor was the machine of the Minsk Tractor Plant MTZ-5 "Belarus". Since 1958, the production of this tractor has been mastered at YuMZ, while the marking has not changed. Technological continuity has been preserved, the original design of the MTZ tractor remained unchanged.

MTZ-5, a prototype of the Yuzhmash tractor. Archival photo:

It is interesting that the Southern Machine-Building Plant was not originally conceived as a tractor plant.

According to the plan of the Soviet leadership, it was supposed to become an automobile enterprise, but in 1951, while still in the process of construction, it was redesigned for the production of rocket technology, and tractor production was launched, pursuing two goals:

• to hide the main activity from foreign intelligence;
• to meet the state's need for tractor equipment.

In the late 60s, YuMZ created its own modification, which became a reworking of MTZ-5. The new tractor received the YUMZ-6 marking, becoming an upgrade of the original model of the Minsk plant. Prototypes were assembled in Dnepropetrovsk in 1966, and serial production began in 1970. 2 years later, the number of cars produced reached 100 thousand.

Over the years, the design of the tractor has been improved and refined. Serially, the manufacturer produced 4 modifications, which will be described below. Users noted the high performance characteristics, reliable and uncomplicated design of the tractor, which made it possible to service it even outside specialized enterprises.

Interesting: YUMZ-6 and its modifications were actively interested in foreign buyers. So, it is noteworthy that the Volvo concern in 1974 acquired technical documentation for a tractor from the USSR and created a Volvo BM-700 unit on its basis. This tractor was in production from 1976-1982, and the Scandinavians celebrated its excellent performance in the difficult climatic conditions of their country.

The last UMZ-6 left the shop in 2001. The tractor was taken out of production due to its general obsolescence; it was replaced by UMZ-8040.2 and other more modern models on the conveyors. But the solid "life" in production - over 30 years - convincingly indicates the successful design of the machine and its high potential, which has remained relevant for three decades. This is confirmed by the many YUMZ-6 tractors, which are still in active use in agriculture and in special jobs.

Appointment

The unit "YUMZ" belongs to the famous line of machines "Belarus". The scope of his activities includes the following types of work:

• movement of goods;
• digging trenches and ditches;
• loading and unloading operations;
• transportation of soil to the dump;
• formation of embankments;
• cleaning areas from snow and debris;
• plowing agricultural land;
• milling and loosening the soil;
• sowing crops;
• watering plants;
• fertilization;
• harvesting.

Tractor yumz 6, general view

Specifications

YuMZ-6 is a classic wheeled tractor. The design is based on a semi-frame consisting of a pair of side members and a cross bar, on which the aggregates and structural elements of the tractor are mounted.

The front axle is attached to the frame on hinges, the wheels are rotated by pins. At the rear, the tractor rests on the sleeves of the semi-axles rigidly attached to the gearbox housing. This provides a simple design with high reliability. The wheel formula of the YuMZ tractor is 4 * 2, with a permanent rear-wheel drive.

The tractor has pneumatic wheels with low pressure tires and powerful lugs - this gives it excellent cross-country ability. Like other machines of a similar design, the YuMZ-6 has different wheel diameters on the rear and front axles.

• 7.5R20-9.0R20 front;
• 15.5R38 at the rear.

This is a typical solution giving the tractor, together with rear wheel drive, good cross-country ability and maneuverability.

Traction class YUMZ-6 - 1.4. It makes it suitable for use in various fields. The manufacturer has provided for the possibility of expanding the functionality of the tractor:

• there is a separate-modular hydraulic system;
• the machine is equipped with a 12-volt on-board power supply;
• there is a pneumatic system;
• a rear hitch is provided for connecting external equipment (in the picture below - that of the YUMZ-6KL tractor in the "agricultural" version).

Power point

The YuMZ line was equipped with diesel engines from the Rybinsk Aviation Plant D65M / N.

The letter depends on what kind of engine start the YUMZ 6 tractor has:

• M - started by an electric starter;
• H - started from a carburetor engine powered by an electric starter.

Due to the fact that the engines for tractors were produced by a defense enterprise, their quality was at a high level, which increased the service life. The engines provide good traction for their class, are reliable and easy to operate and maintain, requiring, under normal conditions, only replacement of working fluids and valve adjustment after 25 thousand kilometers.

But there were also disadvantages:

• the likelihood of lubricant leaks in units and joints;
• low revs when comparing engines with similar ones;
• motors are harmed by idling, leading to accelerated wear.

The main parameters of diesel engines D65:

All motors are naturally aspirated and operate without turbocharging, which results in simplicity of design and ease of maintenance. Cooling - liquid.

Checkpoint

YuMZ-6 is equipped with a mechanical gearbox, which, in addition to moving forward, allows the tractor to move in reverse and transmit torque to the power take-off shaft: the engine can be operated with the clutch engaged and the tractor stationary.

1 - primary shaft; 2 - coupling bolt; 3 - driving gear; 4 - pressure plates; 5, 31 - glasses; 6 - intermediate roller; 7 - an adjusting gasket; 8 - ball bearing; 9 - gear wheel for engaging the second and fourth gears; 10 - gear shift rollers; 11 - switch roller lock; 12 - blocking roller; 13 - locking roller lock; 14 - thrust; 15 - curtain; 16 - switch; 17 - emphasis; 18 - axis; 19 - lever for engaging the PTO drive clutch lock; 20 - rocking chair; 21 - spring-loaded latch; 22 - rack; 23 - gear shift lever; 24 - bolt; 25 - gear shift column housing; 26 - fork; 27 - lever stop; 28 - gear wheel for engaging the first gear and reverse gear; 29 - secondary shaft; 30 - roller bearing; 32 - gear wheel for engaging the third and fifth gears; 33 - round nut; 34 - reverse drive gear; 35 - the leading gear wheel of the first transfer; 36 - a leading gear wheel of the third transfer; 37 - intermediate shaft; 38 - driving gear wheel of the fourth and fifth gears; 39 - a leading gear wheel of the second transfer; 40 - thrust ring; 41 - oil drain plug; 42 - constant meshing gear; 43 - transmission housing; 44 - PTO drive shaft.

The gearbox is five-speed, controlled by levers. There is a reduction gearbox that doubles the effective number of stages. A system of gears and clutches transfers power from the input shaft to the PTO shaft.

The tractor gearbox is equipped with protection against the simultaneous engagement of two gears - a special link is responsible for this. There is a locking mechanism to prevent the motor from starting when the gearbox is in a neutral position. Gearbox parts are lubricated with oil sprayed from the crankcase.

Running system

The composition of the chassis of the YUMZ-6 tractor:

• the main clutch is frictional, with a dry sump, double. There is a separate mechanism for operating the power take-off shaft;
• Checkpoint (see above);
• rear axle with final and final drive and differential.

The front wheel axles are fixed, mounted on pivot pins. The tractor is equipped with a telescopic front axle beam, thanks to which the track can be varied.

Electrician

The diesel engine and the starting engine are started with a 12 volt direct current. With the help of a color wiring diagram, you can understand the design features in a more accessible form:

Device

The basis of the YUMZ machine is a frame consisting of spars and a crossbeam. The front end is equipped with a small wheel axle. Their control is carried out by means of pins. The drive is mounted on the drive axle behind the tractor. To ensure good cross-country ability, the machine is equipped with reduced pressure tires. The tractor is equipped with the following complexes:

• separate hydraulic system;
• electrical equipment designed for a 12 volt network;
• air supply system;
• a mechanism that ensures the operation of equipment for the rear linkage.

A hydraulic booster is installed on the steering device, which provides comfortable control of the unit. The brake system is represented by shoe and disc type mechanisms.

dimensions

YuMZ-6 is a mid-size universal tractor:

The main characteristics are given, which can vary somewhat depending on the specific modification. All tractor models have a well thought-out weight distribution, due to which the machines are passable and very maneuverable. YUMZ-6 can be used in confined spaces - forest glades, in industrial and agricultural buildings, etc.

By weight, the YuMZ 6 series tractors are similar (in basic configurations).

Cabin

A typical view of the YUMZ-6 cockpit:

It is distinguished by its reliability and simplicity, with sufficient control comfort and information content of the dashboard. Panoramic glazing provides the tractor driver with a good view, and rubber shock absorbers prevent vibration.

The tractor cab contains:

• height-adjustable, spring-loaded chair;
• steering column;
• control levers;
• brake and clutch pedals;
• instrument panel, including pneumatic and oil pressure sensors, speedometer, current indicators in the on-board network.

For the convenience of the operator, a heating system is provided, there is also a box for a first-aid kit, a thermos is included in the standard tractor package.

Attachments

For YuMZ-6, many positions of attachments have been developed for various purposes - there are 258 options for a possible "body kit". The main types of "body kit":

• plows, harrows, cultivators, other types of agricultural implements;
• compressors, welding machines, other general-purpose equipment;
• trailers;
• earthmoving equipment, etc.

An excavator version based on the YuMZ machine. The YuMZ 6 excavator tractor can weigh up to 3.9 tons, depending on the set:

The equipment (except for the bulldozer bucket) is mounted on the rear hitch (in addition to some samples of the industrial version of the YuMZ-6K, which will be discussed below). The linkage mechanism of the tractor is equipped with a drive with a hydraulic cylinder, which makes it possible to move the mounted units along the vertical axis. And the functioning of the units themselves is ensured by the transmission of torque through the PTO and additional devices for connecting pneumatic, hydraulic and electrical equipment to the tractor's on-board networks.

The hitch is designed so that the tractor driver can independently connect and operate the devices. This is facilitated by the CA-1 towing hitch, controlled by a remote control in the operator's cab. This increases productivity and eliminates the need for helpers.

Features of operation

Both industrial and agricultural models of YUMZ 6 tractors have shown themselves to be unpretentious in operation, reliable and durable: the average resource of a diesel engine before overhaul is up to 10 thousand hours. By virtue of a fairly simple device, the tractor is easy to service even outside specialized services. In the press and freely available on the network, you can find all the diagrams and instructions for servicing these tractors.

The durability of the machines is also evidenced by the fact that the service life declared by the tractor manufacturer is 10 years, but today, more than 15 years after the production was stopped, these tractors are actively used. At the same time, even the first years of production can be found in work. All this indicates a large margin of strength laid down by the designers. The West also highly appreciated the quality of the YuMZ-6 tractors, as evidenced by the above-described deal with the Volvo concern.

The YuMZ tractor weighs relatively little, and thanks to low-pressure tires, it can be used where heavier equipment is unsuitable.

Despite such outstanding data, UMZ tractors also have some typical problems:

• breakdown of the hydraulic booster. Most often, the gear pump that pumps the working fluid fails;
• clutch breakdown due to wear of the clutch linings - from time to time or with intense loads on the unit;
• the occurrence of depletion in the cylinder block, especially often when the tractor is poorly maintained, the engine oil change intervals are not followed;
• fuel system malfunctions: most often wear out injectors fail;
• wear of springs and timing mechanism;
• sometimes there are problems with starting the Belarus MTZ (YuMZ) tractors from the launcher in the absence of proper care for the latter.

But these problems can be easily avoided if the tractor is serviced in a timely and correct manner.

Modifications

The designers of Yuzhmash worked throughout the entire period of tractor production to improve its performance. Four modifications of the car were created:

6L, years of production 1970-1978. The first tractor in the series. Structurally, this is almost a complete analogue of the basic model MTS-5, there is a purely decorative difference in the form of a rounded radiator grill.

6AL, 1978-86 The 6-AL tractor still retains many "original features", but the braking system has been significantly improved and modified, the design of the radiator grille and the dashboard has changed. The manufacturer introduced a steering column adjustable in height and tilt angle, the shape of the tractor hood was changed to a rectangular one.

6K, 1986-93 As already mentioned, this is an industrial tractor with no rear attachment. It provided for attachment mechanisms for excavator equipment and / or a bulldozer knife. Although initially intended exclusively for industrial use, later an agricultural modification of the tractor was created without changing the index.

6AK, 1993-2001 The most modern tractor model - with an optimized cab and improved controls; in particular, the steering wheel received a new adjustment mechanism. The hydraulic system has also been upgraded with a power and position controller.

Important: the letters L and M are found in the markings of YUMZ tractors. They mean the method of starting the engine of the machine: a tractor marked M is equipped with an electric starter, and the letter L (for example, 6LK) indicates a starting carburetor engine (see the description of motors above).

Service

"YUMZ 6" is distinguished by a high level of reliability and undemanding to the quality of fuel, but, like any equipment, it needs periodic maintenance. This category of work includes the following activities: checking the operability of the main gear, monitoring the operation of the rear axle, eliminating steering play, checking the gearbox, adjusting the valves and the clutch mechanism.

Advantages and disadvantages

The UMZ wheeled tractor has the following positive characteristics:

• high power level;
• good performance;
• economical engines;
• a large selection of working equipment;
• simplicity of design;
• the reliability of all systems;
• ease of repair and maintenance;
• unpretentiousness to fuel and lubricants;
• high-quality components.

The disadvantages include a rigid chassis, a low number of revolutions of the power plant and the lack of a comfortable workplace.

YuMZ-6 is a universal wheeled tractor designed for agricultural and industrial use. The model was produced from 1966 to 2001 at the facilities of the Southern Machine-Building Plant. During this time, she received a number of upgrades, each of which was significantly different from the previous one. Today we will consider the device and technical characteristics of the YuMZ-6, as well as get acquainted with its modifications.

Start of production

The basis for the creation of the YuMZ-6 tractor, the technical characteristics of which we are considering today, was the MTZ-5, which was produced at the facilities of the YuMZ plant until 1958. The YuMZ-6 was more similar to the MTZ-5 than its successor, the MTZ-50. The model was launched in 1966. Soon she became a real legend. The fact is that in those days the country was in dire need of the development of virgin lands, and YUMZ-6 coped well with this task.

Strengths

The high quality of the tractor was due to the fact that the YuMZ plant was originally created as a center for military and space research. In literally two years, 100 thousand copies of the car were produced. The high operational and technical characteristics of the YuMZ-6, together with the simplicity of its design, made the tractor a real favorite of Soviet business executives, builders, industrialists and utility workers.

Tractor device

The skeleton of the model was represented by two channels, fixed between themselves by a bar or frame. The power plant, gearbox, rear axle and all sorts of auxiliary systems were attached to the frame. The chassis of the tractor was represented by a rigid suspension of the front axle. It was distinguished by a simple mechanism of control and monitoring of transmission forces and the use of a flow clutch. Due to the high center of gravity, the tractor could overcome the slope, the angle of which did not exceed 10 degrees. However, as practice showed, he felt confident even on steeper slopes.

The technical characteristics of the YuMZ-6 of the first series were rather scarce compared to subsequent models. So, in the first versions, the tractor hydraulic system unit was devoid of automation devices. The car was equipped with wheels with reduced pressure chambers. The track width could be adjusted from 1.4 to 1.8 meters. A variety of attachments allowed the YuMZ-6 tractor to be used for a wide range of works. At the same time, thanks to its high power, it could perform several operations simultaneously.

The steering of the car was equipped with a hydraulic booster. In later versions, it even became possible to adjust the steering column in several planes. The cab of the car had noise and vibration isolation. To ventilate the cabin, it was equipped with top and side windows. The convenient location of the dashboard and good visibility made the operator's work as efficient as possible. The operational and technical characteristics of the YuMZ-6 allow it to remain one of the most reliable models of its class to this day. On the market you can find a wide range of spare parts for this tractor, so its repair is not a problem.

The model was equipped with one of two 4-stroke diesel engines: D-65 or D-242-71. The first of them was more powerful (60 HP versus 44.5 HP) and was installed on later versions of the tractor. The motor was started by means of an electric starter or a starting motor. In addition to the motor itself, the power plant of the tractor included systems: power, air supply and lubrication.

So, the main parameters of the tractor:

1. Traction class - 1.4.
2. Specific fuel consumption is about 250 g / kWh per hour.
3. Weight - 3.2 tons.
4. The maximum speed is 24.5 km / h.
5. The maximum slope is 10 degrees.
6. Dimensions: 4140/1884/2750 mm.
7. The wheelbase is 2450 mm.
8. Clearance - 450 mm.
9. The turning radius is 5 meters.

Modernization

The model line of the YUMZ-6 tractor, the technical characteristics of which were constantly improving, was represented by four modifications:

1. YuMZ-6L. The debut tractor series, most of the design solutions of which strongly resembled the MTZ-5 model. Models in this series had a rounded grille. Due to this feature, the tractor was often confused with the first versions of the MTZ-50.
2. YUMZ-6AL. This series differed from the previous one in such features: the ability to adjust the steering column, a rectangular hood configuration, a modified instrument panel, and upgraded brakes.
3. YuMZ-6K. It is an industrial version of the YuMZ-6 tractor, which received attachments for excavator and bulldozer equipment. It is this model that is implied when they say: "Excavator YuMZ-6". The technical characteristics of the tractor are distinguished, first of all, by the absence of a rear hitch system. Later, the model was redesigned for an agricultural machine, but the owners still have many industrial copies.
4. YuMZ-6AK. This version has been in production since 1978. It is distinguished by increased visibility of the cab (reminiscent of the cab of the MTZ-80 tractor) and a modernized hydraulic system equipped with power and positional controllers.

It should be noted that in the name of tractors you can also find the letters "M" or "L". For example, the latest version may be called "YUMZ-6AKL". The technical characteristics of models with such indices differ only in the type of motor start. The letter "M" stands for electric starter and "L" stands for starting motor.

Market positions

To date, the MTZ-6 tractor, the technical characteristics of which we have reviewed, depending on the year of manufacture and condition, costs from 1.7 to 5 thousand dollars. Moreover, it is much cheaper than many competitors. The MTZ-50 and MTZ-80 models are analogues and main competitors of the YuMZ-6, since they were produced on the basis of the same tractor - MTZ-5. Therefore, on the market you can find a lot of interchangeable parts for these tractors.

The YuMZ 6 tractor is a true worker of universal wheeled tractors. Most often used in agriculture and enterprises. The ability to install special-purpose equipment with replaceable working bodies on a tractor makes it a versatile road-building and earth-moving machine as an excavator, bulldozer or loader.

From 1966 to 2001, this technique was produced by the well-known Southern Machine-Building Plant in a variety of versions, which are noticeably different from each other. The very first copy of the YUMZ 6 tractor first rolled off the assembly line back in 1966. Now he has come to replace him.

The unit was developed at the Yuzhny Machine-Building Plant (Ukraine, Dnepropetrovsk) on the basis of the MTZ 5 tractor. In the past, this plant worked for the defense industry, and its products (including tractors) were famous for their high reliability. It can still be used with technology such as.

Military acceptance rules were strict. The YUMZ 6 model turned out to be successful, and after 2 years the company produced already one hundred thousand copies. The layout of the tractor is classic, with a semi-frame on which the front axle and a diesel four-stroke engine are located. The cab is located at the rear of the unit.

The tractor is adapted to work in a wide temperature range. It starts up perfectly in forty-degree frost (extreme temperature) and withstands heat up to plus forty. In addition to agricultural work of a wide profile, it is used in production, in construction, when performing public works, and also as a vehicle. Attaching a variety of attachments and trailed equipment such as increases the capabilities of the tractor.

Check out these articles as well

By order, tractors are equipped with wheels with 9.5-42 tires, half-track, preheater, insulation cover, mechanical adhesion weight enlarger, rear wheel fender extender, TSU-2, ballast weights, replaceable shank and PTO, burst couplings, PTO extension, remote hydraulic cylinders, creeper CH-5A, electric starter or starting motor.

Currently, the Omsk plant of transport engineering, under the license of Yuzhmash, produces the ZTM-60 / ZTM-62 tractors, which are "twins" of the YuMZ-6 / YuMZ-652 tractors. This is the most reliable excavator chassis in Russia.

Video review of the YUMZ 6 tractor

The basis for the creation of the UMZ excavator was a wheeled tractor, which was produced in 1970-2001 by the Southern Machine-Building Plant. This tractor was intended for work in agriculture.

Features of the model

In order to convert the tractor into an excavator, a strapping frame was designed and fixed to it, which is necessary for increasing the power. This frame houses a 160º swing arm, powered by a two-cylinder hydraulic drive. The boom and bucket work from the same drive. The excavator is equipped with various.

Excavator equipment

The backhoe loader is equipped with;

• several replaceable buckets;
• grapples of various sizes;
• loader.

This makes it a versatile vehicle, which, moreover, is small in size and indispensable for work in places that are hard to reach for other equipment.

Excavator Application

With the help of a grab, fertilizers, straw, bulk materials, and other goods are loaded. With an excavator shovel:

• dig ditches with a dump or with the removal of excavated soil;
• digging trenches, holes.

All work can be carried out on various soils:

• clay;
• earth;
• salt marshes;
• slag, etc.

There is a hook for loading and a bulldozer for raking.

Using the YuMZ excavator, they develop small faces, create embankments, clear the territory and other installation work. This technique can be used as a crane or hydraulic hammer, use a pitchfork or a straight shovel.

Of great importance is the high quality of steel from which spare parts for excavator equipment are made. Due to its high maneuverability, this technique is in great demand in a wide variety of farms.

Initially, the YUMZ excavator was intended for use in construction and public utilities. After modernization, it became suitable for use in the agricultural industry.

Until now, these machines are used in various farms, although they have already been discontinued.

The key to their success is their relatively small size, maneuverability combined with high productivity. And their low cost is another indisputable proof of the advantage over imported cars of the same class.

Specifications

A descendant of the well-known MTZ-5 tractor.

Despite its small size, this excavator operates at the level of larger and stronger equipment.

Excavator model YuMZ-6

Main characteristics:

• the weight of the excavator during operation is 6600 kg;
• bucket capacity - 0.28 m³;
• when digging, the depth can reach 4.15 meters with a radius of up to 5.3 meters and a blade width of 2.3 meters;
• when unloading, the height is 3.2 meters.
• overall dimensions of the machine: 7800x2500x3900 mm;
• track size - from 1400 to 1800 mm;
• fuel consumption - 10.8 liters per hour.

Different models of excavators were equipped with four-stroke engines of two different types, operating without turbocharging on diesel fuel:

• D-65 60 hp with a cylinder volume of 4.94 liters, supplemented by an electric starter starting engine;
• D-242 with 62 hp (44 kilowatts) with a cylinder capacity of 4.75 liters.

Transmission parameters

The nine-speed gearbox, which is part of the transmission system of the YuMZ-6 excavator, contains several double gears. In addition, the system includes a two-way dry clutch. If there is a gearbox in the model, the number of gears is doubled.

The car overcomes slopes up to 10 degrees on the rise and develops a speed of up to 32 km / h forward, up to 25 km / h back.

Chassis

The advantage of the unit, which makes it possible to optimize the work, is that the undercarriage is wheeled, and not tracked. The rear wheels act as leading wheels, and the front wheels act as guides. The working surface of the wheel is equipped with pneumatic tires, which are excellent for working on loose or uneven surfaces.

The steering mechanism consists of a worm, a helical sector and a hydraulic booster.

Hydraulic system

Includes two independent hydraulic drives with piston-type hydraulic cylinders. One of the drives is responsible for the operation of the bucket, handle and boom, the second for the operation of the swing mechanism, outriggers and the bulldozer. Both hydraulic drives share a common filling tank.

The hydraulic system includes a set of equipment:

• oil pump;
• filling tank;
• oil filter;
• hydraulic cylinder distributor;
• shut-off valves for machine aggregates with hydraulically equipped bodies.

The chassis of the YuMZ tractor is controlled using one lever and does not require instructions. The steering column is adjustable in height and installation angle.

Features of operation

This technique is easy and simple to operate. The spacious, light and safe excavator cab has excellent visibility.

Technical characteristics allow the UMZ excavator to operate in any weather with an air temperature from -40 ° C to + 40 ° C. The equipment is not afraid of an increased level of dustiness.

To prevent premature wear of the hydraulics and prolong the life of the machine, regular cleaning of the bottom of the oil tank, timely replacement of filters, oil and wipers, check the tightness of all units in the engine are necessary.

Excavator equipment

The machine can be equipped with the following equipment:

• various buckets, depending on their purpose;
• hydraulic hammer;
• loosening tooth;
• grapples of various sizes.

The design of the machine allows you to work with replaceable equipment.

Ripper tooth used for loosening dense or frozen soil, uprooting stumps and roots, opening paving stones and road surfaces, etc.

Using a hydraulic hammer you can crush concrete floors, walls of structures, loosen the soil, etc.

Grapple equip a backhoe loader for loading bulk materials.

Existing modifications of the YUMZ excavator

The Southern Machine-Building Plant has developed several modifications of the YuMZ-6 tractor:

• The YuMZ-6L differs in a rounded radiator grill, outwardly the car resembled an MTZ-50. Has a starting motor.
• YuMZ-6AL had a rectangular hood, a steering rack, adjustable in height and angle. The appearance of the dashboard was changed and improvements were made to the design of the brake system.
• YuMZ-6AK with an adjustable hydraulic system (power and position control), with improved visibility of the cab. It was first produced in 1978.
• YuMZ-6KL. In this model, the manufacturer installed standard mounts for the bulldozer and excavator, and it is this modification that is considered as an excavator.

Excavators of this type are still successfully used in the production of construction and communal works, in agriculture for tilling and loading and unloading operations, in other industries for laying pipelines, cable lines, digging pits and other works.

In the USSR, the tasks of designing and manufacturing agricultural machines were solved in a centralized way. An illustration of this can be considered the YMZ6 tractor, created on the technological areas of the Minsk Tractor Plant, the production of which was later transferred to the Dnepropetrovsk "Yuzhmash". This approach to technical research and design solutions contributed to significant savings in money and resources when introducing the machine into the production process. "YUMZ 6" belongs to the category of universal tractors and is a general-purpose unit on a wheel drive. What is the decryption of YUMZ? The answer is quite simple - the tractor bears the name of the enterprise (Southern Machine-Building Plant), which produces it.

Where is the yumz tractor produced?? The first car left the assembly line of the Dnepropetrovsk Machine-Building Plant and this event happened in 1966. The basis for this model was the MTZ-5 tractor, created by the Belarusian enterprise. He entered the UMZ 6 series in 1970 and finished production in 2001. Over the years, the car has undergone significant changes and improved models were released under the brands "YuMZ 6K" and YuMZ 6al.

The unit "YUMZ" belongs to the famous line of machines "Belarus". The scope of his activities includes the following types of work:

• movement of goods;
• digging trenches and ditches;
• loading and unloading operations;
• transportation of soil to the dump;
• formation of embankments;
• cleaning areas from snow and debris;
• plowing agricultural land;
• milling and loosening the soil;
• sowing crops;
• watering plants;
• fertilization;
• harvesting.

Tractor yumz 6, general view

Line of machines "YuMZ"

Yumz tractors have the following model range:

• YUMZ 6L is a unit of the debut series. It is analogous to MTZ 5.
• YUMZ 6al is an improved version of the previous car. Here the braking system was modified, the dashboard was changed and the steering column was improved.
• YuMZ 6KL is an industrial-purpose unit with a fastening mechanism for a dozer blade and an excavator boom.
• YUMZ 6akl - a tractor with an improved cab. A rigid space frame was installed on the frame, ensuring the safety of the driver. The cabin has acquired spatial glazing of the upper and lower levels.

Specifications

Yumz 6 machine and its technical characteristics have the following meanings:

• operating weight - 3,895 tons;
• tractive effort - 14.0 kN;
• travel speed - 24.5 km / h;
• number of gears - 6;
• turning radius - 5.0 m;
• wheelbase - 2.45 m;
• maximum trailer weight - 6.0 t;
• operating temperature range - from -40 to +40 С;
• ground clearance: front axle - 0.45 m, rear axle - 0.64 m;
• the depth of the ford that the tractor is able to overcome - 0.8 m;
• tractor dimensions: length - 3.69 m, width - 1.884 m, height - 2.66 m;
• fuel tank capacity - 90.0 l;
• the volume of the cooling system is 29.0 liters.

Maintenance of equipment

"YUMZ 6" is distinguished by a high level of reliability and undemanding to the quality of fuel, but, like any equipment, it needs periodic maintenance. This category of work includes the following activities: checking the operability of the main gear, monitoring the operation of the rear axle, eliminating steering play, checking the gearbox, adjusting the valves and the clutch mechanism.

Engine characteristics

The tractor was equipped with a Yumz four-stroke diesel engine without turbocharging, with a crankshaft speed of 1800 rpm. It could be of two types:

• "D-242-71". Its power was 62 hp, the working volume reached 4.75 liters, the torque was 241 Nm;
• "D-65". The power of this unit was 60 hp, the working volume was 4.94 liters, the amount of torque was 270 Nm.

For these types of engines, the fuel consumption of UMZ 6 is 245 g / kW per hour.



Cab of the tractor yumz 6

Cab features

The tractor cab is mounted on the frame using special shock absorbers made of rubber components. Its internal space consists of the following components:

• spring-loaded driver's seat;
• steering device, with the ability to change the height and angle of inclination;
• control levers;
• clutch and brake pedals;
• the dashboard, on which sensors for monitoring the functionality of all systems and working bodies are located.

The cab is equipped with large rear-view mirrors and sun protection elements. The heating device and fans are responsible for climate control. The package includes a container for water and a device for fixing it in the cabin.

Device

The basis of the YUMZ machine is a frame consisting of spars and a crossbeam. The front end is equipped with a small wheel axle. Their control is carried out by means of pins. The drive is mounted on the drive axle behind the tractor. To ensure good cross-country ability, the machine is equipped with reduced pressure tires. The tractor is equipped with the following complexes:

• separate hydraulic system;
• electrical equipment designed for a 12 volt network;
• air supply system;
• a mechanism that ensures the operation of equipment for the rear linkage.

A hydraulic booster is installed on the steering device, which provides comfortable control of the unit. The brake system is represented by shoe and disc type mechanisms.



Advantages and disadvantages

The UMZ wheeled tractor has the following positive characteristics:

• high power level;
• good performance;
• economical engines;
• a large selection of working equipment;
• simplicity of design;
• the reliability of all systems;
• ease of repair and maintenance;
• unpretentiousness to fuel and lubricants;
• high-quality components.

The disadvantages include a rigid chassis, a low number of revolutions of the power plant and the lack of a comfortable workplace.