Continuing to develop the topic of production, I invite readers to get acquainted with how they produce cardan shafts to order. I must say right away that this production is tailored for single copies - we are not talking about mass volumes.

The hero of the current story is the Tom Wood Driveshafts company (http://www.4xshaft.com/) located in Ogden (Utah) and has been operating for only 13 years, but its founder, Tom Wood, had previously worked in the field of auto mechanics for two decades ... Considering that the founder himself is a fan of off-roading and a person who understands the needs of this category of car owners, the products coming out of the pen are a successful combination of quality, reliability, and price.

Interestingly, the production of cardan shafts is not very difficult, but requires skills and equipment. Our today's tour tells about all stages of this production.

It all starts with accepting an order, which can be placed either by phone or by email. The technician enters the requirements in the log and calculates the length of the future shaft, along the way noting the types of universal joints and so on:

Most of the components for future shafts she has in stock:

The choice of pipes is a crucial step, because they (pipes) are of different diameters and with different wall thicknesses. In this section, the required piece of the workpiece is cut:

Preparation for welding is carried out on a lathe:

After all the blanks are laid out and measured, it is time for welding:

To avoid shaft vibrations, balancing of individual components begins literally from the very beginning of construction:

As the individual parts of the workpiece are welded, they are checked for drift due to the high welding temperature. If a withdrawal occurs, the worker heats the part in certain places until it evens out:

After the pipe is welded and straightened, it goes to the installation site for the universal joints:

Here are some examples of flanges used by the company:

After installing the flanges and crosses, it is time to balance the shaft. First, polish with fine sandpaper:

The machine tells you exactly where to install the weights and what weight. The process of gluing the weights continues until a vibration-free operation is achieved:

After that, the weights are welded to the shaft:

To protect the part from rust, it is coated with either a colorless varnish or painted:

When required, all crosspieces are packed with grease:

After that, the finished shaft is wrapped in polyethylene and sent to the customer:

Examples of pipes used by the company to make shafts. Pipes can be up to ten centimeters in diameter:

Examples of universal joints:

As noted at the very beginning, the founder of the company Tom Wood does not shy away from sometimes mixing dirt:

The balancing of the propeller shaft can be done both with your own hands and at a service station. In the first case, this requires the use of special tools and materials - weights and clamps. However, it is better to entrust the balancing to the workshop workers, since it is impossible to calculate the weight of the balancer and its installation location with accuracy manually. There are several "popular" balancing methods, which we will discuss below.

Signs and causes of imbalance

The main symptom of an imbalance in the propeller shaft of a car is vibration the entire machine body. At the same time, it increases as the speed of movement increases, and, depending on the degree of imbalance, it can manifest itself both at a speed of 60-70 km / h, and more than 100 kilometers per hour. This is due to the fact that when the shaft rotates, its center of gravity shifts, and the resulting centrifugal force, as it were, "throws" the car on the road. An additional symptom in addition to vibration is the appearance characteristic humcoming from under the bottom of the car.

Imbalance is very harmful to the transmission and chassis of the vehicle. Therefore, at the appearance of its slightest signs, it is necessary to balance the "cardan" on the machine.

Neglect of breakage can lead to such consequences.

There are several reasons for this breakdown. Among them:

• natural wear and tear parts during long-term operation;
• mechanical deformationcaused by impacts or excessive loads;
• manufacturing defects;
• large gaps between the individual elements of the shaft (in case it is not one-piece).

The vibration felt in the passenger compartment may not come from the propeller shaft, but from unbalanced wheels.

Regardless of the reason, when the symptoms described above appear, an imbalance check must be performed. Repairs can also be carried out in your own garage.

How to balance the gimbal at home

Let's describe the process of balancing the driveshaft with our own hands using the well-known "old-fashioned" method. It is not difficult, but it can take quite a while to complete. a lot of time... You will definitely need a viewing hole, into which you must first drive the car. You will also need several weights of different weights to use when balancing the wheels. Alternatively, instead of weights, you can use cut electrodes from welding.

A primitive weight for balancing the gimbal at home

The work algorithm will be as follows:

1. The length of the propeller shaft is conventionally divided into 4 equal parts in the transverse plane (there may be more parts, it all depends on the amplitude of vibrations and the desire of the car owner to spend a lot of time and effort on this).
2. The above-mentioned weight is securely attached to the surface of the first part of the propeller shaft, but with the possibility of further dismantling. To do this, you can use a metal clamp, plastic tie, tape, or other similar device. Instead of a weight, you can use electrodes, of which several pieces can be put under the clamp at once. As the mass decreases, their number is reduced (or vice versa, with an increase, they are added).
3. Further testing is carried out. To do this, they drive a car onto a flat road and analyze whether the vibration has decreased.
4. If nothing has changed, it is necessary to return to the garage and outweigh the load to the next piece of the propeller shaft. Then repeat the testing.

Installation of a weight on a cardan

Items 2, 3 and 4 from the above list must be carried out until you find a section on the propeller shaft where the weight reduces vibration. Further, similarly by experience, it is necessary to determine the mass of the weight. Ideally, when properly selected vibration should disappear absolutely.

The final balancing of the "cardan" with your own hands consists in rigid fixation of the selected weight. For this, it is advisable to use electric welding. If you do not have one, then as a last resort you can use a popular tool called "cold welding", or tighten well with a metal clamp (for example, plumbing).

Balancing the propeller shaft at home

There is another, albeit less effective, diagnostic method. In accordance with it, it is necessary dismantle the propeller shaft from the car. After that, you need to find or pick up a flat surface (preferably perfectly horizontal). Two steel corners or channels are placed on it (their size is not important) at a distance slightly less than the length of the propeller shaft.

After that, the cardan itself is placed on them. If it is bent or deformed, then its center of gravity is shifted. Accordingly, in this case, it will scroll and become in such a way that its heavier part is at the bottom. This will be a clear indication to the car owner in which plane it is necessary to look for an imbalance. Further actions are similar to the previous method. That is, weights are attached to the driveshaft and their attachment points and mass are experimentally calculated. Naturally, the weights are attached on the opposite side from the one where the center of gravity of the shaft is displaced.

Another effective method is to use a frequency analyzer. You can do it yourself. However, a program is needed that on a PC simulates an electronic oscilloscope, which shows the level of the frequency of the oscillations that arise during the rotation of the cardan. You can say it from the Internet in the public domain.

So, to measure sound vibrations, you need a sensitive microphone in mechanical protection (foam rubber). If it is not there, then you can make a device from a speaker of average diameter and a metal rod, which will transmit sound vibrations (waves) to it. To do this, a nut is welded into the center of the speaker, into which a metal rod is inserted. A wire with a plug is soldered to the speaker outputs, which is connected to the microphone input in the PC.

1. The drive axle of the car is hung out, allowing the wheels to rotate freely.
2. The driver of the car "accelerates" it to the speed at which vibration usually occurs (usually 60 ... 80 km / h, and gives a signal to the person who takes the measurements.
3. If you are using a sensitive microphone, bring it close enough to the marking site. If you have a speaker with a metal probe, then it must first be fixed to a place as close as possible to the applied marks. The result is recorded.
4. On the driveshaft, conditional four marks are applied around the circumference, every 90 degrees, and they are numbered.
5. A test weight (weighing 10 ... 30 grams) is attached to one of the marks using a tape or a clamp. You can also use the clamp bolt directly as a weight.
6. Next, measurements are taken with a weight at each of the four places in sequence with numbering. That is, four measurements with the movement of the load. The vibration amplitude results are recorded on paper or computer.

The location of the imbalance

The result of the experiments will be the numerical values \u200b\u200bof the voltage on the oscilloscope, which differ from each other in magnitude. Next, you need to build a diagram on a conditional scale that would correspond to the numerical values. A circle is drawn with four directions corresponding to the location of the load. From the center along these axes on a conventional scale, segments are plotted according to the data obtained. Then it is necessary to graphically divide in half segments 1-3 and 2-4 by segments perpendicular to them. A ray is drawn from the middle of the circle through the point of intersection of the last segments until it intersects with the circle. This will be the point where the unbalance is located, which must be compensated for (see figure).

The desired point for the location of the compensation weight will be at the diametrically opposite end. As for the weight of the weight, it is calculated by the formula:

• imbalance mass - the desired value of the mass of the imbalance to be set;
• vibration level without test weight - voltage value according to the oscilloscope, measured before installing the test weight on the gimbal;
• the average value of the vibration level is the arithmetic average between the four voltage measurements on the oscilloscope when the test weight is installed at the four indicated points on the cardan;
• the value of the mass of the test load - the value of the mass of the established experimental load, in grams;
• 1.1 is a correction factor.

Usually the mass of the imbalance to be set is 10 ... 30 grams. If for some reason you did not succeed in accurately calculating the mass of the imbalance, you can establish it experimentally. The main thing is to know the installation location, and to correct the mass value while driving.

However, as practice shows, self-balancing of the driveshaft using the method described above only partially eliminates the problem. The car can still be driven for a long time without significant vibrations. But it will not be possible to get rid of it completely. Therefore, other parts of the transmission and chassis will work with it. And this negatively affects their performance and resource. Therefore, even after self-balancing, you need to contact the service station with this problem.

Technological repair method

Cardan balancing machine

But if for such a case it is not a pity for 5 thousand rubles, this will be the price of balancing the shaft in the workshop, then we recommend that you go to the specialists. Carrying out diagnostics in repair shops involves the use of a special stand for dynamic balancing. To do this, the cardan shaft is removed from the machine and installed on it. The device includes several sensors and so-called control surfaces. If the shaft is unbalanced, then during rotation it will touch its surface to the mentioned elements. This is how geometry and its curvature are analyzed. All information is displayed on the monitor.

Repair work can be performed using various methods:

• Installation of balance plates directly on the surface of the propeller shaft. Moreover, their mass and place of installation are accurately calculated by a computer program. And they are attached using factory welding.
• Balancing the propeller shaft on a lathe. This method is used in case of significant damage to the geometry of the element. Indeed, in this case, it is often necessary to remove a certain layer of metal, which inevitably leads to a decrease in the strength of the shaft and an increase in the load on it in normal operation modes.

You cannot make a similar machine for balancing driveshafts with your own hands, since it is very complicated. However, without its use, high-quality and reliable balancing will not be possible.

Outcome

It is quite possible to balance the gimbal yourself at home. However, it must be understood that it is impossible to independently select the ideal mass of the counterweight and the place of its installation. Therefore, self-repair is possible only in the case of minor vibrations or as a temporary method of getting rid of them. Ideally, you need to go to a service station, where you will balance the gimbal on a special machine.

The process of diagnosing these elements is as follows. If it was not possible to identify the cause of the malfunction during a visual inspection (in the event of serious breakdowns, the malfunction can be determined with the naked eye), then the element is disassembled and completely removed from the car. Its rotating components are placed on a balancing stand, while the static ones are cleaned of dirt and scrupulously examined for mechanical damage.

The higher the angular velocity of the part, the greater the likelihood of its imbalance, and vibration can be eliminated only and exclusively on complex balancing machines. Moreover, the larger the part, the more complex the equipment should be. Balancing the driveshaft with your own hands, the video of the attempts that we presented below, as a rule, gives only psychological results, but by no means real.

The fact is that it is possible to eliminate the balance of the cardan transmission only if the place and weight of the imbalance are precisely adjusted, and the cardan must be balanced exclusively in assembly with the crosses. In a garage and without balancing equipment, this is possible only when the cardan is installed on the car.

The propeller shaft is a mechanism that connects the gearbox to the rear axle gearbox and is designed to transmit torque. The most widespread transmission of this type was received on cars with rear and all-wheel drive.

Cardan device

The VAZ 2107 cardan shaft consists of the following elements:

• one or more sections of a thin-walled hollow tube;
• splined sliding connection;
• fork;
• crosspiece;
• outboard bearing;
• fastening elements;
• rear movable flange.

The cardan transmission should be single-shaft or two-shaft. The second option involves the use of an intermediate mechanism, to the back of which a shank with splines is attached from the outside, and a sliding sleeve is fixed on the front through a hinge. There is no intermediate section in single-shaft structures.

The front part of the universal joint is attached to the gearbox through a movable splined coupling. For this, there is a hole with internal splines at the end of the shaft. The cardan device assumes the longitudinal movement of these splines at the moment of rotation. The design also provides for an outboard bearing attached to the body with a bracket. It is an additional attachment point for the universal joint and is designed to limit the amplitude of its movement.

A fork is located between the center and front elements of the propeller shaft. Together with the crosspiece, it transmits the torque when the universal joint is bent. The rear of the shaft is attached to the rear axle gearbox through a flange. The shank engages with the final drive flange by means of external splines.

The cardan is unified for all classic VAZ models.

The VAZ 2107 crosspiece is designed to align the cardan axes and transfer moment when bending its elements. The hinge provides a connection between the forks attached to the ends of the mechanism. The main element of the cross is needle bearings, thanks to which the universal joint can move. These bearings are inserted into the holes of the forks and are secured with circlip. When the joint is worn out, the propeller shaft starts to knock while driving. A worn crosspiece is always replaced with a new one.

Types of cardan shafts

Cardan shafts are of the following types:

• with a constant velocity joint (CV joint);
• with a hinge of unequal angular velocities (classic design);
• with semi-cardan elastic hinges;
• with rigid semi-cardan joints.

The classic universal joint consists of a fork and a cross with needle bearings. Most rear-wheel drive vehicles are equipped with such shafts. Cardan joints with CV joints are usually installed on SUVs. This allows selection to be completely eliminated.

The mechanism with elastic hinges consists of a rubber coupling capable of transmitting torque at angles no more than 8˚. Since the rubber is quite soft, the gimbal provides a smooth start to the movement and prevents sudden loads. These shafts do not require maintenance. The rigid semi-cardan joint has a complex design that transmits torque due to clearances in the spline joint. These shafts have a number of disadvantages associated with rapid wear and manufacturing complexity, and are not used in the automotive industry.

CV joint

The imperfection of the design of the classic universal joint on the crosses is manifested in the fact that at large angles vibrations occur and torque is lost. The universal joint can be deflected by a maximum of 30–36˚. At such angles, the mechanism can jam or completely fail. These drawbacks are devoid of cardan shafts on CV joints, usually consisting of:

• balls;
• two rings (outer and inner) with grooves for balls;
• a separator that limits the movement of the balls.

The maximum possible tilt angle of the universal joint of this design is 70˚, which is noticeably higher than that of the shaft on the crosses. There are other designs of CV joints.

Cardan VAZ 2107 is attached in several places:

• the rear part is bolted to the rear axle gearbox flange;
• the front part is a movable splined connection with an elastic coupling;
• the middle part of the universal joint is attached to the body through the cross member of the outboard bearing.

To mount the cardan on the VAZ 2107, four bolts M8x1.25x26 with a conical head are used. A self-locking nut with a nylon ring is screwed onto them. If the bolt turns during tightening or unscrewing, it is locked with a screwdriver.

Elastic coupling

The elastic coupling is an intermediate element for connecting the universal joint cross and the output shaft of the box. It is made of high strength rubber to reduce vibration. The clutch is removed in case of mechanical damage for replacement or when repairing the gearbox. When installing an old coupling, you will need a clamp of the appropriate size to tighten it. New flexible couplings are usually sold with a clamp that can be removed after installation.

It is possible to dismantle the VAZ 2107 cardan for repair or replacement without an overpass or a lift. This will require:

• open-end and socket wrenches for 13;
• flat screwdriver;
• head 13 with a crank or ratchet;
• a hammer;
• pliers.

Dismantling the cardan

To repair or replace the elastic coupling, the cardan must be removed from the car. Its dismantling is carried out in the following order:

1. The parking brake is used to secure the rear wheels.
2. The four bolts securing the cardan to the rear gearbox are unscrewed.
3. The two nuts securing the outboard bearing to the body are unscrewed.
4. With a slight hammer blow, the shaft is knocked out of the splines. If the clutch is functional, it is not necessary to remove it.
5. Marks are applied to the universal joint and flange of the rear axle (notches with a hammer, screwdriver or chisel) so that their position does not change during subsequent assembly. Otherwise, noise and vibration may occur.

If play appears in the hinges, the crosspiece is usually replaced with a new one. The fact is that worn out needle bearings cannot be repaired. Dismantling the crosspiece after removing the cardan is carried out as follows:

1. With a special puller or improvised tools, remove the retaining rings that hold the hinge glasses in the grooves.
2. By applying sharp blows to the cross with a hammer, the glasses are removed. The glasses that emerged as a result of the blows from their seats are removed with pliers.
3. The hinge seats are cleaned of dirt and rust with fine sandpaper.
4. The new cross is installed in the reverse order.

If vibration occurs due to imbalance of the propeller shaft, it will need to be balanced. It is problematic to do this on your own, so they usually contact a car service. Balance the gimbal as follows.

1. The cardan shaft is installed on a special machine, on which a number of parameters are measured.
2. A load is attached to one side of the gimbal and tested again.
3. The parameters of the gimbal are measured with a weight attached to the opposite side.
4. The shaft is turned over by 180˚ and the measurements are repeated.

The results obtained make it possible to balance the cardan by welding weights into the places established according to the results of measurements. After that, the balance is checked again.

The cardan is used to connect the gearbox and the rear (in a rear-wheel drive vehicle) or front (in an all-wheel drive) axle. Its task is to transfer the rotation from the engine to the bridge or bridges. The joint for these elements is a hinge, the main part of which is a cross. It has the shape of a cross, at the ends of which there are cups with needle bearings.

Before carrying out repairs, you need to find the cause of the malfunction. To do this, you need to drive the car into a pit or a lift. We put the box in neutral and climb under the car. We inspect the cardan, special attention should be paid to the condition of the crosspieces oil seals. Next, while holding the crosspiece, we rotate the cardan itself.

If the crosspiece needs to be replaced, the backlash can be noticed immediately. If there is no backlash, but various noises and squeaks are heard during rotation, then the crosspiece may not need to be changed. You just need to change the grease. There are two crosses in the cardan and both need to be diagnosed. The cross-piece of the rear universal joint breaks down most quickly, since it carries heavy loads. Dirt and moisture when driving also gets more on the rear cross.

The main sign of an imbalance in the propeller shaft of a car is the appearance of vibration in the entire body of the car. At the same time, it increases as the speed of movement increases, and depending on the degree of imbalance, it can manifest itself both at a speed of 60-70 km / h, and more than 100 kilometers per hour.

How to change the crosspiece on the cardan

It often happens that the vibration of the cardan after replacing the crosses again manifests itself in a seemingly already repaired part. This is due to its incorrect assembly. Experienced craftsmen know how important it is to maintain the original factory position of the parts relative to each other in the process of replacing the cross and the subsequent assembly of the propeller shaft.

The curiosity of the current situation is that if the marks on the components of the cardan before disassembling were not affixed, it will not work to determine whether the assembly was carried out correctly. The only advice in this case is to disassemble the crosspiece and reassemble the shaft. Of course, not forgetting to mark the location of its components relative to each other.

It often happens that when vibration arose, the rear universal joint crosspiece became the cause of a malfunction, as it was worn out. But even after replacing it, the problem did not disappear. In such cases, it makes sense to check the balance of each of the shaft components again. With new parts, the alignment has changed, and, most likely, the reason now lies in its imbalance.

Important! Before making additional balancing of the shaft, you can try to change the arrangement of the cross-piece elements - otherwise the master will in vain cut off the metal layer from the element.

In many cases, the cause of the vibration of the cardan is the outboard bearing: either the backlash formed as a result of its wear, or loose fasteners, with which it is rigidly fixed to the bottom of the car. If the vibration is accompanied by a hum, then, most likely, it is in it. Suspended bearings can be collapsible or non-collapsible. If the former can be repaired by replacing the failed elements, then the latter have to be changed completely.

Important! The outboard bearing, like the propeller shaft itself, requires balancing. If this procedure is not followed, the problem may reoccur.

If the vibration does not pass even after that, the cross may have nothing to do with it. There are cases when such a problem in the propeller shaft does not appear as a result of breakdowns of any of its components, but is transmitted to it from the engine or gearbox. The probability of such malfunctions is small, but it also cannot be reduced to zero.

If the cause of the vibration of the cardan is the gearbox, then this malfunction will make itself felt by other signs - for example, jumping out or slipping of the gear (if we are talking about a mechanical gearbox) or grinding and knocking that appear in the gearbox when changing from one gear to another.

As you can see, there are many causes of vibration when a car is moving, and not all of them are directly related to the propeller shaft. Only high-quality diagnostics of the car's undercarriage, performed by car service professionals, is able to accurately determine its cause.

• Cross play
• Needle bearing wear
• Wear of the crosspiece itself
• Leakage and lack of lubrication
• Destruction of the O-ring
• Metal ringing when moving
• Noise and crackling in the cardan area

Theoretically, the cross is a very reliable part, the resource of which should be about 500,000 kilometers. But in practice, the replacement of the universal joint cross occurs with a run of 50-100 thousand kilometers. This is influenced by factors such as operating conditions, the manufacturer of the part, the quality of the materials used in the manufacture of the part.

If your car is often used in a rural area, then dirt and various bumps will shorten the life of your crossbar several times. A common reason for the failure of the cross is a banal carelessness during a scheduled inspection. Often, the lack of lubrication is not paid attention to until the crosspiece reminds of itself with vibration, noise or ringing.

To repair the cross, it is necessary to remove the gimbal. Before disassembling, you need to know some of the nuances:

1. Fill the nuts with a wedge to make the fasteners easier to unscrew.
2. Use a chisel to mark the propeller shaft flanges and rear axle flanges. If this is not done, vibration may appear on the gimbal.
3. In order not to spoil the threads of the nuts, it is advisable to use a curved box wrench.
4. If the propeller bolts turn, you need to fix them with a screwdriver.

First, the four bolts on the propeller shaft are unscrewed, then we remove the outboard bearing mount. After these procedures, we remove the cardan, it must be removed from the spline connection of the gearbox. Before removing the cross, it is advisable to wrap the spline part with material so that sand does not get there. Before removing the cross, you need to prepare the tool: a hammer, round-nose pliers, a thick screwdriver and a round tube of a suitable diameter.

Clamping the shaft in a vise will make your job much easier. There are special pullers for removing the crosses, but they are often not used even at the service station. However, many garage craftsmen are able to make such a device for themselves in 10-15 minutes. Next, you get the retaining rings. Often, to remove them, you need to tap them with a hammer using a spacer.

The repair will be of poor quality if the eyes and fork are not cleaned from dirt and rust. This is done with a metal brush or sandpaper. All internal surfaces must also be cleaned and lubricated before installing a new cross. Do not forget about the grooves of the retaining rings, they need to be cleaned with an awl or a thin screwdriver.

Next, the cups are removed from the new cross, and it itself is inserted between the lugs. When removing the cups, make sure that the bearing needles do not crumble. If there is no lubricant under the new cups, the part should be changed, or lubricated by yourself. The cups are put on the cross, then they need to be drowned with a hammer until the locking grooves open. The repair of the cross is completed by replacing the retaining rings.

Troubleshooting

The VAZ 2107 cardan shaft wears out during operation under the influence of constant loads. The crosspiece is most exposed to wear. As a result, the gimbal loses its original characteristics, vibration, knocking, etc. appear.

Vibration

Sometimes, while driving on a VAZ 2107, the body begins to vibrate. This is usually due to the driveline. This could be an inherently poor quality shaft or improper assembly of the assembly. Vibration can also appear during mechanical impact on the cardan when hitting obstacles or in an accident. This problem can also be caused by improper hardening of the metal.

There are many reasons leading to an imbalance in the driveline. Vibration can occur under heavy loads. In addition, the VAZ 2107 cardan can be deformed even with infrequent use of the car. This will also lead to vibration. In such situations, balancing or replacement of the assembly is required, and the problem must be corrected immediately. Otherwise, the vibration of the cardan can lead to the destruction of the crosses and the rear axle gearbox, and the cost of repairs will increase many times over.

In addition, vibration can occur due to the rubber element of the outboard bearing. The rubber becomes less elastic over time and the balance can be disturbed. Bearing wear can also lead to body vibration when starting off. This, in turn, can cause premature failure of the crosses.

Malfunctions and wear of individual elements of the VAZ 2107 propeller shaft as a result of friction lead to the formation of backlash in the mechanism and, as a result, to the appearance of knocks. The most common causes of knocking are:

1. Defective crosspiece. Knocking is caused by wear and tear on bearings. The part should be replaced.
2. Loosening of the universal joint bolts. The problem is solved by inspecting and tightening the loose connections.
3. Severe wear of the spline connection. In this case, the driveshaft splines are changed.
4. Outboard bearing play. The bearing is replaced with a new one.

To increase the service life of the cardan drive elements, their periodic maintenance is necessary, which involves lubrication with a special syringe. If the crosses are maintenance-free, they are simply replaced when a backlash appears. The outboard bearing and crosspieces are lubricated by Litol-24 every 60 thousand km. run, and the spline part - "Fiol-1" every 30 thousand km.

Clicks when starting off

Often, when touching classic VAZ models, you can hear clicks. They have a characteristic metallic sound, are the result of backlash in any element of the gimbal and can be caused by the following reasons:

• the cross is out of order;
• a spline connection has developed;
• loosened universal joint bolts.

In the first case, the crosspiece is changed to a new one. When developing a splined connection, it will be necessary to replace the front flange of the universal joint. If this does not help, you will have to change the propeller shaft completely. When loosening the mounting bolts, simply tighten them securely.