"Parma" cuts through the swamps and impassable roads of our vast country.
All data are taken from the forum of the site "Lunokhodov.Net", where he shares his best practices and skills under the nickname mishanya68.
Tasks originally assigned to the all-terrain vehicle builder.
The technical requirements and wishes include the following items:
1. confident movement on snow of average depth and density for the Urals.
2. capacity for 2 people, plus 50-80 kg of cargo.
3. minimum, should be confident in the water (main application is fishing and buoyancy for safety).
4. The main application is snow and ice 90%, the rest is autumn and spring snow with mud.
5. maximum use of off-the-shelf parts and assemblies.
In connection with this project, I once again re-read the topics on "Basin", "Luntik", "Barsik" and "Yukon" - these are ready-made all-terrain vehicles described on the site "Lunokhodov.Net". Many thanks to the authors of the projects for sharing their experience, best practices and drawings that they used.
Based on the experience of previous builders, outlined an approximate design
1. turn on a differential with a rear axle, but put a cylindrical one.
2. 2-cylinder engine, made in China with a cylinder capacity of 690 cubic mm.
3. transmission: belt variator - gearbox from VAZ 5-speed - rear axle from VAZ.
4. dimensions 2500x1750 mm.
The rear axle is taken from the classic "Zhiguli". Instead of wheels, sprockets are worn (drive wheels for the caterpillar)
The beam was used. From disassembly, after checking for directness, I cut off the excess and immediately cleaned it, cleaned it with petal circles with 40 grain. It turned out quite quickly, 1.5-2 hours for everything, and the cleaning took about 30 minutes. But this time is then saved on welding and painting.
The engine is made in China.
Drawings have been developed for the production of guides that are fixed to the inner side of the track belt and prevent the tracks from coming off during movement and turns.
Factory half shaft.
The half shaft is bought, find the differences! Therefore, it was decided to leave the factory axle shafts, but with the replacement of bearings.
I bought belts for the production of caterpillars in a rubber goods store at a repair plant in Perm.
More details: what is "increased strength" ??? In numbers. 4 spacers are good, 12 mm is not much?
The strength of the tape is created by the gaskets - the rest is rubber, which in itself does not bear the load, BUT protects the gaskets from damage. For example, I took one so that on one side (outer) it was 3-4 mm, and on the other (inner) - 1 mm. From the inside, damage is practically not expected, and the extra thickness means excess weight and not small! As for the spacers - they are ALWAYS of the same thickness - 1mm, the rest is from their number!
By area: I took 4 pieces. with a length of 6.5 m, width-150mm, thickness-8mm, ply-7. It turned out to be 10 thousand rubles.
He began to cook the frame of the future all-terrain vehicle. Someone calls a frame, someone a boat, someone a skeleton, and the author calls this structure a keel, since the all-terrain vehicle is more intended for navigation.
The rounded front keel should improve the floating quality of the car.
It was decided to make an all-terrain vehicle without a balancer, as it is intended for travel in winter, the roads are smoother, the weight of the structure is reduced, and it is technically easier to execute.
The frame is assembled with road wheels on both sides, the wheels are the most common and common with R 13 from VAZ, the bottom of the star is raised from the floor level by 350 mm, the wheel is 570 mm in diameter.
Preparing tracks for making tracks.
Mounting plates.
Drilling template.
Pre-drilled holes on conveyor belts for making tracks.
Drilling holes according to the template.
Assembly.
A device for drilling holes in rubber using the punch method, but here you do not need to hit the punch, it is clamped into the drill chuck and the rubber is cut, very good holes are obtained and less effort is needed.
You can watch the video how this is done.
Photo of the device clamped into the drill chuck.
Photo of a device for bending pressure plates and bent plates.
One caterpillar is ready.
Safety engineering. In order not to hurt to beat against the ends of the pipe and not to scratch, it is better to protect yourself, at least with gloves.
The caterpillar wraps around the sprocket, all tracks are in contact with the teeth.
Front view.
The tensioning mechanism is made so that both sloths are tensioned at the same time, there are pros and cons to this method. Plus the largest - the same tension of the tracks, provided that the tracks are the same during manufacture and equally stretched, simplicity in execution and more reliable fastening of the sloth axis. Subject to these conditions, the straightness of the ride is ensured.
Cons - poor sealing of the boat, since the sloth shaft passes inside the boat, if one caterpillar flew off, then both sides relax in order to put on. Also to remove for repair if necessary.
Plates for fastening tensioning mechanisms.
Beams and amplifiers are welded.
Fastening the bridge.
Installation of disc brakes on the axle from the VAZ, due to the braking of the driving wheels, the all-terrain vehicle will turn while driving.
The guides are from the inner side of the caterpillar, on the upper bend along the edges of the canine, they are pressed by 9 mm, this is with a plate width of 40 mm, the steel thickness is 2.5 mm. this is the limit for a press with a force of 10 tons.
Guides with a plate welded inside for attaching to tracks.
Tool for making guide plates using a press.
This will guide the track along the tension wheel.
The guide plate touches the brake hose from the disc brakes on the sprocket, so it is necessary to change the brake hoses and install them from the Niva.
Clearances for the track to run over the track sprocket are acceptable.
All plates are chopped and folded.
The caterpillar is the most time consuming and labor intensive part of the all-terrain vehicle.
The caterpillar and sprocket must interact with each other without jamming in and out of the star. Verification completed.
Watch the video.
Installing the engine.
Installing the clutch and gearbox.
Installing the cardan.
Variator for engine pulley. Transmission - so far only positive results, the Kayurov variator works with the Chinese engine very clearly. At first, there were problems with releasing the belt at idle, but after adjusting the carb, everything returned to normal. Releases completely at about 1000-1100 engine rpm, gripping at about 1500-1700 rpm. Fully compressed by about 2500-2800 rpm.
I could not understand why by ear the maximum revs are less than 3000 rpm, then I saw the throttle limit bolt turned completely, the Chinese, apparently, tightened it for a quiet break in, also completed the control levers.
The first departure took place. First impressions are great.
Everything I said about differential rotation is not entirely true. There are moments about which a little later. The all-terrain vehicle turned out so far quite light and nimble.
He rolls around the garage with his hands into one, turns into 2 people. In the video, the surface is rolled snow, the first and third of the gas transmission, I press the levers with one finger, there is almost no noise from the stars.
I finished work with the controls (gear shift and gas drive), and also made a frame for protecting the cardan. I made a small trip. Now everything works well. Tomorrow I will sort everything out for welding the boat and painting.
Dismantled the all-terrain vehicle for welding and painting.
I turned it over on my back.
I boiled the bottom, left the sides and can be painted.
The braces are installed.
The pulley shaft is inside the casing.
Boiled the sides and painted.
I painted everything inside.
External gearbox with oil filler plug and differential.
Ivan Sardaev, a 67-year-old resident of the city of Topki, began inventing and creating various vehicles almost 20 years ago.
In 1993, together with his wife, daughter and son, he returned from Vorkuta to the city of his childhood and built a house in four months. It turned out to be large, spacious, with an area of \u200b\u200b150 squares.
Well, about four years after we moved and settled down, I got tired of cleaning the snow in the winter after a blizzard: you work with a shovel, your hands get tired. Like it or not, you involuntarily begin to think with your head, - the pensioner laughs.
Snow removal equipment by Ivan Sardaev.
In the beginning there were scooters
Ivan Vasilievich admits: he was fascinated by technology since childhood. Even as a child, he assembled scooters either with bearings or with wheels from a baby carriage. But it was in the distant 1997 that the tricycle snowblower became his first full-fledged invention. She was unusual - she had two wheels in front, and one - steerable - behind. As the inventor now recalls, the car was weak - it could only rake snow on the paths. He decided to improve it and assembled a model a little more complicated, then another. And then he got so involved in the process that he began to create already snow blowers with buckets and auger machines. And not only them.The very first Topkinets snow blower was a three-wheeled one.
In 2007, Ivan Sardaev even published an article about three of his models in the "Modelist-Constructor" magazine, and two years later - about the security system. He invented it and installed it in his house, if necessary, she sends him a signal to his mobile phone.
Several bucket snow blowers, a pair of screw-rotor machines and a pair of pneumatic snowmobiles - this is an incomplete list of mobile equipment that Ivan Vasilyevich collected until 2013. And all this in his free time from work - despite his age, he still fixes TVs for people. And four years ago, his son gave him a computer, and when the pensioner mastered the Internet, new ideas appeared. One of the last was the idea to make an all-terrain vehicle on a caterpillar track with your own hands. 
And the roof is from Moskvich
He began to embody the idea in 2015, and it took Ivan Sardaev a year and a half to create an unusual machine. Most of the parts in the S-10 all-terrain vehicle, the inventor gave this name to his brainchild - from the Zhiguli of various models. The rear axle, the engine and the gearbox are from the "classics", the rollers in the tracks are from the eleventh VAZ model. Many parts were collected from neighbors who, by the way, admire the master's golden hands, or were picked up at auto-parsing and metal collection points. The roof of the all-terrain vehicle is from "Moskvich", but the caterpillars had to be thought over and assembled completely to the last detail. For them, the inventor even had to buy a conveyor belt from a store.A pneumatic snowmobile is another machine, assembled by the hands of a TV technician from Topki.
In total, Ivan Vasilyevich spent more than 30 thousand rubles on certain purchases for his brainchild.
Most of all I had to tinker with the caterpillars, - the pensioner admits. - It was a very painstaking work that required special care. After all, there is something wrong you bend, you will miss a little and everything, either the teeth will cling, or the tape will slide out, and in both cases the car will not run.
This is how the all-terrain vehicle looked in the summer of 2016.
Currently, the Topkinets is testing his all-terrain vehicle. On a flat road, it can move at a speed of 35-40 kilometers per hour, and on virgin snow, the speed decreases by about half. By the way, instead of a steering wheel, it has two control levers, like a tractor, and the driver and passenger - a two-seater all-terrain vehicle - is always warm, the interior is heated by two stoves.
As long as further the yard and the street where his house is located, Ivan Sardaev does not drive his invention. But in the future, after the car passes tests at other times of the year, he hopes to register it, as it should be. But the creator does not want to sell it, even for 350 thousand rubles, which was appreciated by such a technique on one of the sites. You need such an all-terrain vehicle yourself.
C-10 tracked all-terrain vehicle of a Kuzbass pensioner. Ivan Sardaev worked on the all-terrain vehicle for a year and a half. The VAZ-2103 engine, the cabin is the top of the Moskvich-2140 cabin.
It is not a secret for anyone that on the territory of our vast country there are areas where it is absolutely impossible to move normally on the roads due to their poor quality. In this case, a special vehicle comes to the rescue, which is characterized by high cross-country ability. It's about an all-terrain vehicle. But, unfortunately, it is practically unrealistic to acquire such a means of transportation that would be light, economical and inexpensive. Therefore, many craftsmen with engineering and technical skills decide to create a caterpillar all-terrain vehicle with their own hands, taking into account their needs and capabilities.
How can tracked ATVs be used?
These self-made crawler devices come in a variety of sizes and are used for a variety of purposes. With their help, heavy loads are moved, which are placed either in a body or in a special trailer. If a self-made caterpillar all-terrain vehicle is used for summer cottages, then in this case, various building materials are most often transported.
In addition, such a vehicle has transport versatility, and if any unforeseen circumstances arise, it is possible to quickly, without any difficulties, get to a certain destination over rough terrain.
What to look for when creating a homemade ATV?
If you decide to make a caterpillar all-terrain vehicle with your own hands, then you must clearly understand for what purpose it will be used. Be sure to consider the following points:
- Weather conditions during operation.
- Dimensions. The width affects the cross-country ability of a caterpillar all-terrain vehicle made by hand, the length is calculated from the number of seats or the presence of a luggage compartment device, and the height should be optimal when creating the amphibious properties of the unit.
- Motor power. The more powerful the engine, the easier it is to navigate hard-to-reach sections of the road.
- Goal. Depending on the purpose for which the mobile device is intended, its design can be modified.
- Number of wheels. Most often, a home-made caterpillar all-terrain vehicle, made by hand, has wheels from two to eight pairs, which are necessary to support the track.
Drawing creation
The most crucial stage is making a sketch of a tracked all-terrain vehicle. Do-it-yourself drawings with the arrangement of the mechanisms of the unit and its components are drawn after that. They must be very accurate. When creating such a vehicle, they usually use both home-made parts and ready-made elements of factory production. They are drawn separately, with the calculation of the compatibility and performance of parts and assemblies.
Design features
A crawler all-terrain vehicle, made by hand, must have an engine. Basically, this element is taken from cars, most often domestic ones. You can also borrow it from a motorcycle. The undercarriage is represented by rubber tracks, tensioning system, suspension, rollers. Car tires are often used to make tracks. The base of the undercarriage consists of a tub, frame or any other metal frame. For the control system, various components are taken or ready-made controls for motorcycles or cars, as well as tractors, are used. A home-made tracked all-terrain vehicle, made by hand, has a power system, which is represented by a fuel tank, gasoline or diesel. Gas equipment is used much less often.
Manufacturing technology
Do-it-yourself light tracked all-terrain vehicles are made according to a certain technology. Their creation begins with the construction of the body, which must have high strength and complete water resistance. The basis of homemade transport must be rigid, so steel pipes are taken that can withstand any physical stress arising from movement. Then they begin to make caterpillars. To do this, take an ordinary rubber sheet and create a ring rubber. Small aluminum blades are placed on its outer side with the help of rivets, and the necessary stops are installed on the inner side, the step width of which is equal to the width of the rubber of the wheels.
The next stage is that the bridges are removed from the car through the holes that were specially made in the body for this. Rubber couplings are used as protection. The rubber band is attached so that the wheels are right in the center of the stops. In addition, additional wheels are also fixed. They are necessary to keep the track taut. At the end of the work, heavy-duty glasses are inserted in the cockpit of the all-terrain vehicle, made by hand.
Output
Thus, this means of transportation is an indispensable means of transport in hard-to-reach areas where there are practically no roads. Possessing engineering and technical qualities, you can easily create tracked all-terrain vehicles with your own hands, the drawings of which will help to correctly design such a unit.
Homemade all-terrain vehicles on tracks: schemes for their construction and basic layout - from the Oka, Zhiguli, Volga, motorcycle and improvised means. Correct drawings and construction features with your own hands, so that the car turns out to be maneuverable and passable, and production takes a minimum of time. In order to assemble a full-fledged floating tracked all-terrain vehicle in your garage, you need not so much - parts of an old car, corners and pipes for the frame, a welding machine, locksmith tools and enthusiasm.
If you want to assemble an all-terrain vehicle based on UAZ, Volga, Gazelle, VAZ, Moskvich and other cars, then it is not recommended to use the body from them, and even from "Oka" it is heavy. The body is comfortable from the point of view of comfort, but the car's passability is deteriorating, fuel consumption increases, and it will be very difficult to make it floating. Therefore, it is advisable to cook the body yourself from light sheet metal, and make a safety cage around it so that you do not break your neck after crashing into a tree or turning over.
How to make a swivel mechanism and calculate the permeability?
In fact, all homemade all-terrain vehicles on tracks have the simplest device. Behind there is a rear axle with a differential from a rear-wheel drive car - usually from a Zhiguli. The drive rollers are driven through this rear axle from the engine via the gearbox. Turns are carried out using separate braking. That is, you need to draw two separate paths to the right and left.
How to make management - here everyone decides for himself. It is possible from two brake cylinders and a handle to build a semblance of control as on a tractor or tank. You can come up with pedals, and transfer the clutch and gas to your hands. The vacuum for the brake booster is taken from the engine, or a compressor is hung on a separate pulley.
The simplest scheme for building a tracked all-terrain vehicle is to take a Zhiguli, lift it onto a frame, hang additional rollers and tracks on it, and do separate braking. And everything will run.
Calculations of the specific pressure on snow are quite simple. For a skier, it is equal to 200 grams per cm2. Very good bogs have about 60 grams. That is, you need to take the total mass of the all-terrain vehicle and the area of \u200b\u200bthe caterpillar, from this and dance. ...
The scheme of a floating all-terrain vehicle should imply the presence of an air tank on the frame, or sealed sides. But here you still need to think about stability, for this the engine and heavy units are located in the center of the all-terrain vehicle.
Drawings and diagrams
It makes no sense to build such a car according to the drawings. Simply because everyone has different needs, everyone has their own details and set of source material. Someone's old Zhiguli is gathering dust in the garage, and someone will sculpt an all-terrain vehicle from an old Ural motorcycle. Homemade, it is homemade, which is designed from scratch and built from improvised means.
But there are a few important details to consider. First, the frame and frame must be strong.
There is even a lot of rigidity of the car body in the forest, its weight is excessive, but collisions with trees and coups have not been canceled.
Secondly, many home-made ATVs on tracks have a high center of gravity. The same Zhiguli on tracks are frankly dangerous, since any slope or ditch can cause overturning.
Thirdly, if it is planned to go winter fishing on a homemade all-terrain vehicle, then emergency escape routes should be provided. And this is once again about the fact that the body from the Oka or a car can be dangerous for such purposes. I fell into the wormwood, and you can't get out. In the same GTT, the doors open slightly upward, there is a hatch on top for leaving - this was not done in vain.
Safety comes first. In addition, it is worth remembering the fire hazard, do not remove the muffler, be sure to carry a fire extinguisher with you, and so on.
How to make a homemade all-terrain vehicle on tracks extremely cheaply, safely and efficiently? You just need to have a tool and a place for construction, and the cost of parts and metal, given the availability of used Zhiguli or OK, can not even be taken into account.
What can you do from a UAZ with your own hands? SUV drawings do it yourself
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(from the section Homemade ATVs)
Diagrams and drawings of wheeled, tracked and airmobile homemade products, which will be useful in self-design and construction. Description of various designs of equipment for off-road use, as well as individual components and assemblies of a homemade all-terrain vehicle. Layout diagrams and overall dimensions of various all-terrain vehicles (on wheels, low-pressure tires, skis, snowmobiles, airboat and hovercraft "all-terrain vehicles") built by our own hands.
| Total materials (diagrams / pictures / drawings) in the category Drawings and diagrams of homemade all-terrain vehicles: 14 On this page, only a part of them. To see all the others, use the "leaflet" at the bottom of the page. To go to the section, click on the photo, to view the material - More. | |
| We also hope that you will find a lot of interesting things for you by following the links below: you can choose the most interesting category for you in the column on the left, or find the answer to your question in the articles from the menu at the top right \u003e\u003e\u003e Enjoy your viewing! | |
Video drawings of all-terrain vehiclesUnusual display method for diagrams and drawings. Watching the video - online [Add ATV Photo] |
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Diy side-turning all-terrain vehicle: drawings, production photos
The craftsman built with his own hands a wheeled all-terrain vehicle for fishing and hunting trips on forest roads and swamps. The design feature of the all-terrain vehicle is the presence of automatic tire inflation and side turning.
We suggest that you familiarize yourself with the device of an all-terrain vehicle on low pressure tires.
The frame is made of 76 mm diameter pipe with a wall thickness of 3.5 mm.
For transmission, I purchased such 16V-1 circuits.
We also needed gearboxes from the 5B-C walk-behind tractor.
The figure shows a sketch of the hub.
Gear ratios:
- from engine to gearbox 1-1.45,
- reduced 1 to 24,
- increased 1 to 11,
- back 1 to 17.
On the gearbox, the drive sprocket has 9 teeth and goes to the driven one by 35 teeth.
Dimensions of the gearbox itself.
Drawings of hubs, in addition, holes for tire inflation will be made.
Hub axle drawings. Steel 45 was used. The diagrams do not indicate the channel for air perpendicular to the axis, the size was also increased from 28 to 45 mm, there was a decrease between the bearings.
The Lifan engine is installed.
The swap implementation scheme looks like this.
The exhaust system is welded.
The figure shows a diagram of the exhaust direction.
A boat bulb is used to inflate the tires, so nipples were made for it.
Fastening the driven stars on the hubs.
In total, six similar parts were welded to the hub, and the dimensions were changed upward, that is, instead of 8, 10 were made:
The swap was performed in this way:
To combat tire rotation, the disc width was cut to 40 cm, teeth from the electrodes were also welded on, and then the tires were seated using construction sealant. The author also began work on the tires themselves, eliminating punctures and cuts using an awl and sealant flashing.
During the opening of the hunting season, the all-terrain vehicle was used a lot. There were some breakdowns, in particular there was an overheating of the engine, opening the chain lock and breaking the nipple of the camera due to the rotation of the tire. But pumping with exhaust helped to get to the place of repair. All wheels were pumped up to 0.1 atmospheres.
As a result, about 10 liters of fuel took 42 kilometers of the way, which is quite a bit for an all-terrain vehicle.
Tire inflation is used quite often, especially in the off-season, when the temperature drops from +20 to -15 degrees, which greatly affects the pressure in the tires.
A single boat is also transported in the trunk, which is also very convenient to pump up with exhaust.
The video shows a homemade all-terrain vehicle in action.
Popular homemade products from this category
avto-samodelki.ru
2QM.ru: Do-it-yourself dumps for UAZ (drawings)
An SUV on the farm of the owner of a suburban area, taking into account the quality of the roads, is an excellent help, and sometimes even a necessity. Under the hood of such a unit there are almost a hundred, and sometimes even more working "horses", which, together with the impressive mass and running characteristics, becomes a serious argument in the fight against off-road conditions.
Why not use this power to improve the traffic situation in the local adjoining territory in the winter? Manufacturers have long been concerned with suitable attachments, releasing a snow plow for UAZ and other SUV models popular in our country. Why not save money and make your own blade model, given that artisanal options are no worse, and sometimes even better than factory ones? 
Factory option
You should not reinvent the wheel again, it is much easier to see how to make a blade on a UAZ from manufacturers. Most likely, it will not work to completely copy the factory suspension blades, but it is quite possible to take some models as a basis. In addition, a detailed study of proven options will allow you to avoid many mistakes in the design and manufacture of your own snow shovel.
Design
Much depends on the availability of materials and technical skills. It is safer and easier to make a blade without a rotary mechanism, thus saving a little on materials and significantly reducing the production time, however, this will reduce the scope of its application. On the other hand, the swivel mechanism can become the most vulnerable point of the structure; its implementation requires a certain margin of safety on the fixation nodes. The working surface of the blade also requires reinforcement, it is important to monitor the weight of individual parts. It is desirable that the blade can be assembled and disassembled by one person.
To protect the surface to be cleaned, a rubber strip should be used, the fastening of which should be detachable so that the rubber can be replaced as it wears out. At the point where the blade is attached to the vehicle, it is worth considering a possible sharp collision of the blade with an obstacle. The attachment points should not be in front of important parts of the vehicle. 
Material selection
At this stage, the choice always remains with the performer, you can only advise or suggest where it is easiest to find suitable parts. Two-hundred-liter barrels have proven themselves well as material for a moldboard shovel, but given the planned dimensions, 2 barrels or additional structural reinforcement will be required. Square or rectangular pipes can be used as guiding and reinforcing ribs, it is also possible to use a rolling angle, a thin channel or I-beams.
For adjusting the angle of inclination of the blade of the jumpers, you can use lanyards or pipes of different diameters with holes for fixing fingers. When using a winch to control the lift of the blade, additional material will be required to equip the platform for the winch itself and the block system, if necessary. 
Homemade dumps on UAZ on the network
On the network, you can find many examples where artisanal craftsmen demonstrate the assembled blade on a UAZ with their own hands. The drawings of talented craftsmen are very diverse, some offer simplified options, others use various modifications, sometimes made more successful than factory products.
The main stages and nodes
Where to start work in order to embody the conceived dump on the UAZ with your own hands? Drawings should be made taking into account the SUV model, and there should always be some margin in size so that possible shortcomings can be leveled on the spot. The first step is to equip the place where the structure is attached to the car. It can be either simple fixed brackets or a whole platform like a "kenguryatnik" to accommodate not only a blade, but also a winch with a block system. The platform can be made both in a permanent version and as a removable structure, which is preferable, since it does not spoil the appearance of the car.
Then you can start making the most massive part of the blade - a working shovel. It is best to choose the dimensions from the above, 2 x 0.6-0.8 m. An oversized blade cleans snow better, but will be inconvenient during installation and transportation. At the next stage, it is better to fix the blade in a working vertical position and so attach the remaining elements to it. It must be remembered that even simple dumps on a UAZ without a swivel mechanism must be vertically movable, otherwise the car can be severely damaged during operation. The last step is to make control and rotary elements and attach them to the structure. 
Lifting mechanisms
You can see options where a manual drum winch is used as a lifting mechanism, and it is operated by a person located on the front platform. It is not very safe, it would be better to raise and lower such dumps on the UAZ after the car has completely stopped.
Using electric winches is much more convenient and safer, but not everyone is ready to spend money on such equipment. The most budgetary option would be a special stand that works when the car is reversing, and you can use a lanyard to constantly hold the blade in the upper position in transport mode.
Conclusion
The case of the master is afraid, they say. A do-it-yourself dump for UAZ or factory-assembled will help you use your SUV not only as a means of transportation, but also as a faithful assistant in the household.
2qm.ru
Homemade SUV
Many of us, at least once in our life, have been puzzled by the idea of \u200b\u200bmaking a car. Himself. Someone in childhood tried to build a car from cardboard, someone devoted all their free time to this, turning building cars with their own hands not even into a hobby, but into the meaning of life.
Here it is necessary to delimit the concepts a little. For some, building a car is to weld a couple of channels for half a liter, attach an engine from a Zaporozhets, wheels from a seeder and a bridge from a scrapped ZIL - a kind of under-tractor that almost any village can boast of. Such "car lashers", as a rule, have a real "animal" appetite and do not live long. For others, building a car takes several months, sometimes years, painstaking work with a scientific approach, calculations and careful manufacture of every detail.
In particular, making an SUV with your own hands requires doubly efforts. Of course, if you want to get not only a bunch of iron that looks like a car from afar, but a completely effective off-road car, with moderate fuel consumption and a decent exterior.
The project below is actually implemented, operating and created on the basis of a conventional passenger car. When creating an SUV, you need to understand a few clear rules, the observance of which will be the key to the success of the whole event.
First, remember - the car must be frame. We will not delve into the issues of the types of frames - flat and spatial, just remember - if a car has a frame, then it will be able to withstand serious loads, live a long time and it will be easier for it to overcome off-road conditions.
The frame of this car consists of two longitudinal spars, located with some toe, as well as of three cross beams.
The spars have a rather complex section. They are based on two welded water pipes 032 mm, to which a box of two L-shaped bent steel sheets is also welded from above. The cross-sectional height of the spar ranges from 120 mm in the center of the frame to 80 mm at the ends.
The square crossbeams are welded from 2 mm thick steel sheet, and the front beam also serves as a reservoir for oil, so it has a drain and a filler hole with plugs. In addition to the cross members, two diaphragms bent from steel sheet give additional rigidity to the frame (the front is 2 mm thick, the rear is 1.6 mm).
Not very easy, right? The drawing will facilitate the perception of "the whole picture". The frame of this design is quite reliable.
The engine was taken from a VAZ-2101 car along with a gearbox. The air and oil filters have been slightly redesigned. Of course, the "triple" motor will be slightly better, and if you want to add power, you can install the motor from the "Niva", but that's another story.
The transmission and chassis were used from the GAZ-69 with the use of separate parts from the UAZ-469. This car also uses a homemade cardan - between the gearbox and the transfer case. Cardan half-coupling and crosspiece - from GAZ-69.
Further - the springs. You can, of course, use springs from the UAZ, but in this case, the car will turn out to be too tough. The rear leaf springs of the GAZ-24 "Volga" car are recommended for use, but in this case the course will be somewhat harsh. To improve the softness of the stroke, homemade earrings were used - 20 mm longer than on the Volga - this size is not a panacea, it was obtained experimentally. So it has the right to life and independent selection - so you can achieve the desired softness. Also, shock absorbers from GAZ-24 are installed on the car. The springs are installed parallel to the frame side members, that is, at an angle to the machine axis.
Body. In the manufacture of the body of the SUV, sheet steel 1.0-1.2 mm was used. It is recommended to assemble the body from small, up to 1 m long, panels and connect them using spot welding. This makes the body parts easier to handle and shape.
The body can be made of fiberglass by gluing. In any case, the authors of the project used the material with which it was easier for them to work.
It was decided to start the bodywork with the doors. This decision can also be put at the forefront. Those who already have some experience in auto design know that making doors is one of the most difficult operations. Therefore, it is not surprising that many DIYers tend to use ready-made doors from serial cars. But the overall design of the project often suffers from this. With serial doors, it is difficult to achieve individuality in the exterior.
An electromagnetic plate was used for bending work.
For the doors, sheet steel with a thickness of 1.4 mm was used, the rest of the body was assembled from panels with a thickness of 1.2 mm; except for the front fenders, which have gone millimeter steel.
A few words about safety. Since the SUV was being built, safety elements were introduced into the design. Behind the windshield, a water pipe is welded along the perimeter, which, together with the front frame of the frame, serves as a safety arc (in the event of a rollover of the car).
Hinges and door locks are homemade, but you can use ready-made - from "Zhiguli". Handles and glass lifting mechanism - from "Moskvich-2140".
The cockpit glass was used from the VAZ-2121 "Niva". To install them around the perimeter of the window, a corner of steel 1.2-2mm thick was welded under the rubber seal.
The hood is assembled from steel panels surrounded by a frame made of a thin-walled tube with a diameter of 16 mm. The hood tilts forward on homemade horseshoe hinges.
The steering was transferred from the GAZ-69, but the angle of the steering column had to be slightly reduced. The brake system is used from the GAZ-24. The headlights are installed from the Chezeta motorcycle (any similar in size will do, you can turn on your imagination here).
The rear lights are from Moskvich-2140, sidelights and direction indicators are homemade. The instrument panel is from GAZ-24, but the top panel of our own production is made of polystyrene, pasted over with cloth.
The gas tank is completely homemade. It consists of an 80 L capacity welded from sheet steel, mounted on a frame between two rear crossbeams.
The awning frame is welded from water pipes with a diameter of 25 mm. There are four thinner crossbars under the roof, three of which are removable. Plexiglass is glued into the awning windows. The method of attaching plexiglass to the tarpaulin turned out to be very effective, so it can be recommended to all lovers of auto construction. A pocket is sewn to the canvas around the perimeter of the window, glass is inserted into it and the edges are impregnated with dichloroethane (or acetone) as shown in the figure. The tarpaulin is laid on a flat surface (for example, plywood), covered with plastic wrap and loaded - best with sand.
The front seats of the car are from the GAZ-24 car with minor modifications. The rear ones are homemade.
In finished form, a homemade jeep has a rather belligerent appearance and, as tests have shown, excellent cross-country ability. On tests the car showed better cross-country ability than the factory "Niva".
In the pickup version, the maximum carrying capacity of the machine is 800 kg. A jeep on A-92 or A-95 gasoline has a consumption of about 10 liters per 100 mm of run. Experimentally, the engine was redesigned for 76 gasoline - fuel consumption increased slightly.
www.4x4info.ru
What can be done from a UAZ with your own hands
(Homemade SUVs)
For those who are interested in homemade, UAZ, all-terrain vehicle, homemade:
They built this miracle of home-made technology in Dnepropetrovsk. The idea to create a car for outdoor activities was born to Alexander Novoseltsev quite a long time ago. And when an inexpensive UAZ fell into his hands, he served as an excellent donor for manufacturing.
Since, according to the idea, this car was supposed to be a two-seater coupe with increased cross-country ability, it was necessary to completely abandon the use of the huge UAZ body. As a result, only the frame and significantly modernized elements of the suspension, brakes and steering system remained from the donor car. Much has been borrowed from the UAZ - PATRIOT. The rather slow-moving native motor was replaced by a more responsive ZMZ-405 (16-valve). An air filter with zero resistance was installed, the control unit was chip-tuned, and the exhaust system was redesigned. As a result of these alterations, 170 hp were obtained. and 7000 turns on the shaft.
A snorkel was installed to overcome the fords.
Technical data of UAZ-CRAB:
engine - ZMZ-405 power - 155 (passport) - 170 (after chip tuning) exhaust - self-made direct-flow drive on both sides - full gasoline - AI-95 consumption - 15-17 l / 100km weight - 1600kg max speed - 160 km / h max ford depth - 1.2 m tires - 305/75/16 built 2006
Provided that the gearbox and razdatka remained familiar, with "short" gears (4-speed synchronized) - the acceleration dynamics turned out to be not all-terrain at all ..! The maximum speed is 160 km / h, further scary! Fuel tank with a volume of 75 liters. shifted to the rear for weight distribution, under the trunk, tudzhe put the spare tire. The first sketches of the body were applied through tracing paper to the pictures of the frame and assemblies, they fought for a long time in Photoshop, but they modeled more with their hands from cardboard and foam. For example, the hood in the throes of creativity was remade 3 times in metal! The roof and doorways were taken from a Honda CR-X. All other body parts and plumage were made independently from sheet iron, putty and painted. The entire construction process took place in a regular garage and took 1.5 years. Even in the process of construction, the name CRAB was attached to the car because of the widely spaced front wheels (305/75/16) optics and bright red body color.
The idea paid off. The car, created for outdoor activities, successfully takes part in rally-raids, off-road competitions, auto exhibitions and just rides. For 3 years of operation, two checkpoints, one razdatka, a front axle were destroyed and the frame was broken. The good news is that spare parts are available in the corners and villages. And all this is not comparable to the amount of adrenaline that is released in contact with this growling gland. There are plans to "breed" CRABs, but already on more serious sites, for example, from "PAGERO".
The CRAB was registered as UAZ-469 with a converted body.
***** To see photos of UAZ - CRAB (there are many photos), click on the pictures:
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Read more articles in the category: Homemade ATVs and SUVs. All-terrain vehicles built by the skillful hands of DIYersOr go to the section: ATVs and tractors with your own hands
autosam.expert-club.com
manufacturing features, drawings :: SYL.ru
It is not a secret for anyone that on the territory of our vast country there are areas where it is absolutely impossible to move normally on the roads due to their poor quality. In this case, a special vehicle comes to the rescue, which is characterized by high cross-country ability. It's about an all-terrain vehicle. But, unfortunately, it is practically unrealistic to acquire such a means of transportation that would be light, economical and inexpensive. Therefore, many craftsmen with engineering and technical skills decide to create a caterpillar all-terrain vehicle with their own hands, taking into account their needs and capabilities.
How can tracked ATVs be used?
These self-made crawler devices come in a variety of sizes and are used for a variety of purposes. With their help, heavy loads are moved, which are placed either in a body or in a special trailer. If a self-made caterpillar all-terrain vehicle is used for summer cottages, then in this case, various building materials are most often transported.
In addition, such a vehicle has transport versatility, and if any unforeseen circumstances arise, it is possible to quickly, without any difficulties, get to a certain destination over rough terrain.
What to look for when creating a homemade ATV?
If you decide to make a caterpillar all-terrain vehicle with your own hands, then you must clearly understand for what purpose it will be used. Be sure to consider the following points:
- Weather conditions during operation.
- Dimensions. The width affects the cross-country ability of a caterpillar all-terrain vehicle made by hand, the length is calculated from the number of seats or the presence of a luggage compartment device, and the height should be optimal when creating the amphibious properties of the unit.
- Motor power. The more powerful the engine, the easier it is to navigate hard-to-reach sections of the road.
- Goal. Depending on the purpose for which the mobile device is intended, its design can be modified.
- Number of wheels. Most often, a home-made caterpillar all-terrain vehicle, made by hand, has wheels from two to eight pairs, which are necessary to support the track.
Drawing creation
The most crucial stage is making a sketch of a tracked all-terrain vehicle. Do-it-yourself drawings with the arrangement of the mechanisms of the unit and its components are drawn after that. They must be very accurate. When creating such a vehicle, they usually use both home-made parts and ready-made elements of factory production. They are drawn separately, with the calculation of the compatibility and performance of parts and assemblies.
Design features
A crawler all-terrain vehicle, made by hand, must have an engine. Basically, this element is taken from cars, most often domestic ones. You can also borrow it from a motorcycle. The undercarriage is represented by rubber tracks, tensioning system, suspension, rollers. Car tires are often used to make tracks. The base of the undercarriage consists of a tub, frame or any other metal frame. For the control system, various components are taken or ready-made controls for motorcycles or cars, as well as tractors, are used. A home-made tracked all-terrain vehicle, made by hand, has a power system, which is represented by a fuel tank, gasoline or diesel. Gas equipment is used much less often.
Manufacturing technology
Do-it-yourself light tracked all-terrain vehicles are made according to a certain technology. Their creation begins with the construction of the body, which must have high strength and complete water resistance. The basis of homemade transport must be rigid, so steel pipes are taken that can withstand any physical stress arising from movement. Then they begin to make caterpillars. To do this, take an ordinary rubber sheet and create a ring rubber. Small aluminum blades are placed on its outer side with the help of rivets, and the necessary stops are installed on the inner side, the step width of which is equal to the width of the rubber of the wheels.
The next stage is that the bridges are removed from the car through the holes that were specially made in the body for this. Rubber couplings are used as protection. The rubber band is attached so that the wheels are right in the center of the stops. In addition, additional wheels are also fixed. They are necessary to keep the track taut. At the end of the work, heavy-duty glasses are inserted in the cockpit of the all-terrain vehicle, made by hand.
Output
Thus, this means of transportation is an indispensable means of transport in hard-to-reach areas where there are practically no roads. Possessing engineering and technical qualities, you can easily create tracked all-terrain vehicles with your own hands, the drawings of which will help to correctly design such a unit.
www.syl.ru
Jeep all-terrain vehicle with your own hands, home-made all-terrain vehicles - For a car enthusiast - For a master - Let's do it ourselves
Incredibly, you can make a real Jeep all-terrain vehicle out of an ordinary car. Don't believe me? Read the article and see for yourself! The car's frame consists of two longitudinal side members, located with some toe, and three cross beams.The spars have a rather complex section. They are based on two welded water pipes 032 mm, to which a box of two L-shaped bent steel sheets is also welded from above. The cross-sectional height of the spar ranges from 120 mm in the center of the frame to 80 mm at the ends. The square crossbeams are welded from 2 mm thick steel sheet, and the front beam also serves as a reservoir for oil, so it has a drain and a filler hole with plugs. In addition to the cross members, two diaphragms bent from steel sheet give additional rigidity to the frame (the front is 2 mm thick, the rear is 1.6 mm).
The engine is borrowed from the VAZ-2101 car together with the gearbox (although on N. Yakovlev's car, the latter was taken from the VAZ-2103 - perhaps this is the only significant difference in jeeps). The air and oil filters have been slightly redesigned.
The transmission and chassis were used from the GAZ-69 with the use of separate parts from the UAZ-46E. One cardan - between the gearbox and the transfer case - is homemade. True, the cardan half-coupling and the crosspiece in it are serial, from the GAZ-69.
The rear leaf springs of the GAZ-24 Volga car were used as the springs of both axles, however, to improve the softness of the ride, homemade earrings were used - 20 mm longer than on the Volga (the size was obtained experimentally). Shock absorbers are also from GAZ-24. The springs are installed parallel to the frame side members, that is, at an angle to the machine axis. However, this did not deteriorate their work in the least.
The body is made of steel sheet 1.0-1.2 mm thick. Moreover, it all consists of relatively small (no more than 1 m long) panels connected by a spot welded.
At first we tried to use fiberglass, but nothing worked. Then they opted for metal, - recalls Nikolai Yakovlev. However, this is quite understandable: Nikolai works as a welder, and, of course, he is familiar with this technology. This should be borne in mind by every self-made: it is very important to find "your" material.
We started to make the body with ... doors! - adds Vladimir Kapusto. Maybe someone will find it unexpected. However, those who already have some experience in auto design know that making doors is one of the most difficult operations. It is not surprising that many do-it-yourselfers tend to use ready-made doors from serial cars. Unfortunately, such solutions sometimes run counter to the requirements of the overall design of the structure.
The most common operation in the construction of a kuzoz is bending. It is not very convenient to perform it in a vice, so Yakovlev and Kapusto equipped their garage with an electromagnetic stove: this significantly increased labor productivity.
For the doors, sheet steel with a thickness of 1.4 mm was used, the rest of the body was assembled from panels with a thickness of 1.2 mm; except for the front fenders, which have gone millimeter steel. The drift was used very limited: mainly when adjusting the windshield. The panels were joined using spot welding, for which a simple device, shown in the figure, was made from ordinary pliers.
Behind the windshield, a water pipe is welded along the perimeter, which, together with the front pillar of the frame, serves as a safety arc when the car rolls over.
The hinges and door locks are home-made, although it would be advisable to use ready-made ones - for example, from Zhiguli. Groaning handles and lifting mechanism - from "Moskvich-2140".
The cockpit windows were borrowed from the VAZ-2121 "Niva" car. To install them, the designers found a simple and effective solution: a corner of steel 1.2-2mm thick was welded along the perimeter of the window under a rubber seal. It would be much more difficult to knock out the flange.
The bumpers were prepared by rolling from steel sheet 1.6 mm thick, for which it was necessary to specially grind two shaped rollers and build an elementary rolling machine.
The hood is made of steel panels, surrounded by a frame made of a thin-walled tube Ø 16 mm. A thin foam pad is provided in front of the windshield, behind which the wipers are removed. The hood tilts forward on homemade horseshoe hinges. The latter are hinged on a U-shaped frame, which is also a radiator stand.
The tailgate of the car also has a thin tube frame; outside it is covered with a steel sheet 1.2 mm thick, and inside - hardboard.
The steering is taken from the GAZ-69, however, due to the peculiarities of the layout, the angle of inclination of the steering column had to be slightly reduced. The brake system is from the GAZ-24. Headlights - motorcycle, from "Chezet". Initially, all four headlights were located strictly horizontally, the car, as they say, did not look good. Then the inner pair was raised by 10 mm - and everything fell into place. The front of the car has acquired a completely finished look.
Rear lights from "Moskvich-2140", sidelights and direction indicators are homemade. The instrument panel is from GAZ-24, but the top panel of our own production is made of polystyrene, pasted over with cloth.
The gas tank of the car is originally made. It consists of an 80 L capacity welded from sheet steel, mounted on a frame between two rear crossbeams.
The awning frame is welded from water pipes Ø 25 mm. There are four thinner crossbars under the roof, three of which are removable. Plexiglass is glued into the awning windows. The method of attaching plexiglass to the tarpaulin turned out to be very effective, so it can be recommended to all lovers of auto construction. A pocket is sewn to the canvas around the perimeter of the window, glass is inserted into it and the edges are impregnated with dichloroethane (or acetone) as shown in the figure. The tarpaulin is laid on a flat surface (for example, plywood), covered with plastic wrap and loaded - best with sand.
The front seats of the car from the GAZ-24 "Volga" car are slightly altered. The rear ones are home-made, it is planned to modify them so that when the car is converted into a pickup, they turn into the rear wall of the cab.
In conclusion, briefly about the operating data. Perhaps the main advantage of the jeep is its excellent cross-country ability. Last winter, during one of their fishing trips, Nikolai and Vladimir were caught in a heavy snowfall, and whole snowdrifts grew on top of the ice. But home-made cars did not care about this obstacle, while the nearby Niva had to wait for help.
In the pickup version, the maximum carrying capacity (when the rear springs become horizontal) of the machine is 800 kg. V. Kapusto's car runs on AI-93 gasoline, and its fuel consumption is about 10 liters per 100 mm of run. The engine of N. Yakovlev's jeep was redesigned for A-76 gasoline; fuel consumption is somewhat higher.
Try it, dare, and the jeep-all-terrain vehicle will be yours!
Pan-As site, homemade site - the site has everything that you can do with your own hands: handicrafts, homemade products, jewelry, children's handicrafts. Do them yourself, do it yourself and get real pleasure from it.
Related materials:
www.pan-as.ru
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