The UMZ 4213 injector engine was produced by the Ulyanovsk Motor Plant. This engine became the direct heir to the ZMZ 402, only an injection version. Disadvantages and breakdowns in it are familiar to the owners of classic versions of Volgovskih motors.

Specifications

The UMZ 4213 engine is automobile motors that were installed on off-road vehicles and UAZ and GAZ trucks. The motors have a Euro-4 environmental standard and a capacity of 117 liters. from.

At UMP, dry liners are used, unlike its older brother ZMZ 402. Another design difference is the displaced pins of the piston group, and the unreliable stuffing box of the crankshaft has been replaced with a rubber oil seal. The designers did not think of the need to install hydraulic lifters and the owners of the power unit have to adjust the valve clearances every 10,000 km.

Consider the main technical characteristics that the UMZ 4213 power units have:

All engines were equipped with a 5-speed manual gearbox. The clutch is installed dry.

Service

How is maintenance carried out on the UMZ 421 engine? According to the factory data and technical maps, we will describe how to carry out maintenance for 4213. Maintenance of the power unit is carried out every 10 thousand km of run for operation on gasoline, and 8-9 thousand km - if there is a gas installation:

1. TO-0. 1000 km: change oil and oil filter.
2. 10,000 km: replacement of oil, oil and air filters, spark plugs, high-voltage wires, fine fuel filter, valve clearance adjustment.
3. 20,000 km: change oil, oil filter, fuel filter.
4. 30,000 km: replacement of oil, oil and air filters, spark plugs, high-voltage wires, fuel fine filter.
5. 40,000 km: change oil, oil filter, fuel filter, and generator.
6. 50,000 km and subsequent: oil and oil filter change. Every 20,000 km it changes - the fuel and air filter, valves are adjusted.

Malfunctions and repairs

The problems and disadvantages of the UMP engine are the same as those of the 402 engine, on the basis of which it was created. The designers have optimized and adapted the motor at least a little, but some drawbacks still remain. So, during operation, vibration, twitching and tripping of the power unit appear.

By and large, this is due to injection deficiencies. A plaque appears on the nozzles, which is removed by cleaning. As the practice of motorists shows, native parts should be replaced with higher-quality elements of analog production.

Another serious drawback is the flaw in the cooling system. So, an outdated thermostat system leads to constant overheating. But, everything changes dramatically with the installation of a kit kit for the coolant system. Also, high fuel consumption can be attributed to the disadvantage, but with such a volume of the engine, this is not surprising.

You can upgrade the system by flashing the electronic control unit of the power unit, where you can reduce consumption, or sacrifice this function and increase power characteristics.

To improve engine performance, the vehicle owner is encouraged to install a turbine. So, we leave the standard shafts, the piston standard, modify the cylinder head, channels, combustion chambers, grind, buy, a small 17th Garrett with an intercooler, cook a manifold for it, buy Subaru 440 cc injectors, exhaust on 63 pipe is direct-flow, adjust and we get a tractor engine with low power, but with a good torque.

Output

The UMZ 4213 engine is designed on the classic version of the ZMZ 402. The engine turned out to be quite good, if you do not take into account the nuance that all the disadvantages of the Volga power unit remained inevitable. But, in this case, the car enthusiast is offered the option of modernization and tuning.

Engine UMZ 421/4213/4215/4216/4218 2.9 HP

Characteristics of the UMZ-421 engine

* - for engines UMZ-4218.10, UMZ-421.10, UMZ-4215.10-10
** - for engines UMZ-4216.10, UMZ-42161.10, UMZ-42164.10, UMZ-421647.10, UMZ-42167.10

Malfunctions and repair of the Hunter / Loaf / Gazelle engine UMZ-421

The UMZ-421 engine is the most modern generation of the GAZ-21 engine, along the UMP line. The logical development of the UMZ-417 model, with an increased volume, increased exhaust valves (from 36 mm to 39 mm), the latest versions of the 421st have an injection fuel supply system. To understand, you need to make it clear that motors of the GAZ-21 family have two branches of development - ZMZ and UMP. At the Zavolzhsky Motor Plant, ZMZ-24 was created from the 21st, and then ZMZ-402. In Ulyanovsk, on the basis of the GAZ-21 engine, UMZ-451, UMZ-414, UMZ-417 and the latest version of UMZ-421 were developed. All these engines have no significant design differences between themselves.
Unlike ZMZ-402 , UMZ-421 has dry thin liners (they were wet) and, due to this, increased block strength, cylinder diameter 100 mm (92 mm by 402 m), pistons with a 7mm finger displacement, instead of the outdated packing that got all owners of ZMZ motors, now a rubber cuff and other smaller details have been applied. There are no global structural changes, all the same engine of the 1956 model, a little brought to mind.
The motor does not have hydraulic lifters and every 10,000 km you need to adjust the valve clearances, in this regard, the motor does not differ from the 402 engine.

Modifications to the UMP 421 engine

1. UMZ 4218.10 - the main engine, SZh 7 for 76 gasoline. Power 98 HP Compliance with environmental requirements Euro-1. Used on UAZ vehicles.
2. UMZ 4218.10-10 - analogue of UMZ 4218.10, increased SG up to 8.2 for 92 gasoline. Power 103 HP Used on commercial vehicles UAZ.
3. UMP 421.10 - analogue of UMP 4218.10. The exhaust system has been changed. Used on UAZ vehicles.
4. UMP 421.10-30 - analogue of UMP 4218.10-10. The exhaust system has been changed. Used on UAZ vehicles.
5. UMZ 4213.10-40 - analogue of UMZ-421.10-30, injector. Compliance with environmental requirements Euro-3. Power 117 HP Used on SUVs.
6. UMZ 4213.10-50 - analogue of UMZ-4213.10-40. Used on trucks.
7. UMZ 4215.10-10 - analogue of UMZ-4218.10. Used on Gazelle cars.
8. UMZ 4215.10-30 - analogue of UMZ-4218.10-10. Used on Gazelle cars.
9. UMZ 4216.10 - analogue of UMZ 40215.10-30, injector, increased SG up to 8.8 for 92 gasoline. Power 123 HP Compliance with environmental requirements Euro-3. Used on Gazelle cars.
10. UMP 42161.10 - analogue of UMP 4216.10. Power 99 HP Used on Gazelle-Economy cars.
11. UMP 42164.10 - analogue of UMP 4216.10, another camshaft. Compliance with environmental requirements Euro-4. Power 125 HP Used on Gazelle cars.
12. UMP 421647.10 - analogue of UMP 42164.10, gas-gasoline. Power 100 HP Used on Gazelle cars.
13. UMP 42167.10 - analogue of UMP 4216.10, gas-gasoline. Power 123 HP Used on Gazelle cars.

Malfunctions of UMZ 421 engines

Malfunctions of the UMZ-421 engine completely repeat the problems and disadvantages of the ZMZ-402 engine, because the motors, by and large, are alone. Only the problem with the packing has been solved, otherwise, all the same vibrations, twitching, the same tendency to overheat, knocking, constant fuss with adjusting valves, etc. There is nothing to talk about for a long time - the constructions are 60 years old, the high-torque motor is good, but the 21st century is outside the window ...
Read about faults .

Tuning of the engine Hunter / Loaf / Gazelle UMZ-421

Turbo UMZ 421. Compressor

Considering cars using the 421 engine, there is not the slightest point in discussing atmospheric tuning here (imagine a Gazelle on the throttles 🙂), so we will talk about supercharging, but not about 35 garrets on forging, but a calm urban turbo.
So, we leave the standard shafts, the piston standard, modify the cylinder head, channels, combustion chambers, grind, buy a small 17th Garrett with an intercooler, cook a manifold for it, buy Subaru 440 cc injectors, the exhaust on the 63 pipe is straight-through, set up and get tractor motor, with low power, but with a good torque.

The engine with the UMP 421 index is produced at the production facilities of the Ulyanovsk Motor Plant (UMP). This enterprise has been producing automobile engines since 1970.

Prerequisites for creation

The first products of the plant were four-cylinder carburetor engines GAZ 21 and ZMZ 451 (both with the same displacement of cylinders 2445 cc). The production of these engines was transferred to Ulyanovsk from the Zavolzhsky Motor Plant. During production, the engines underwent several upgrades, but by 1990-91 they had almost no further prospects for improving the design, increasing power characteristics and simultaneously reducing fuel consumption. By the same time, the need to increase the competitiveness of serial UAZ vehicles in a market economy led to the need to create engines with high torque and maximum power.

Description

By 1996, a new model engine with a cylinder capacity of 2890 cc was developed and introduced into serial production, which met the new requirements. The project was named UMP 421. In fact, UMP 421 became the last version of the GAZ 21 engine, which went into production in 1957. Thanks to the increased displacement, enlarged exhaust valves (the diameter increased by 3 mm - up to 39 mm) and a number of other improvements, it was possible to increase the torque to 22.6 kgf / m and the power to 125 hp. (previous models had a torque of no more than 17 kgf / m and a power of no more than 80-90 hp).

Within the framework of the UMP 421 project, there were several dozen engines that differed from each other in the compression ratio, power system, attachments, the type of drive for attachments and other units. The lubrication system of all motors is combined, from a gear pump. To replace, about 6 liters of oil are required, semi-synthetic oil is recommended with tolerances from 5W-30, 10W-40, 5W-40 or 20W-40. The engine cooling system is liquid, with forced circulation of liquid from the pump.

New cylinder block

A prominent feature of the new engine is the newly designed aluminum cylinder block. UMP 421 received dry thin-walled cast iron liners poured into the body of the block (all predecessors were wet). Thanks to this solution, the designers managed to obtain increased rigidity and strength of the block, as well as to increase the cylinder diameter by 8 mm (from 92 mm on the old block to 100 mm on the new one). The inter-cylinder distance has not changed and is 116 mm.

This solution allowed not only to preserve the interchangeability of engine parts of different generations, but also to significantly reduce the cost of new equipment for processing blocks. In addition, the overall and landing dimensions of the engine remained unchanged, which makes it possible to use the UMP 421 on machines of previous years of production.

Piston group and crankshaft

Due to the increased rigidity of the block, it was possible to somewhat reduce the uneven wear of the cylinder mirrors, which increased the resource of the cylinder-piston group. The piston mass has been reduced in order to reduce the forces on the side of the piston. This was achieved by reducing the distance from the piston pin axis to the piston crown by 7.5 mm. To compensate for this distance, the connecting rod length is increased by 7 mm. The pistons are cast in high silicon aluminum. Part of the combustion chamber is located in the piston crown (frusto-conical recess).

The crankshaft is cast iron. The main journals have a diameter of 64 mm, the connecting rod - 58 mm. A flywheel is fixed on the back of the shaft, on the front there is a cast-iron camshaft drive gear and a pulley hub. In order to prevent axial shaft play, two washers are installed on the front main bearing. Instead of the outdated packing, the rear of the UMZ 421 crankshaft is sealed with a self-tightening rubber gland. This solution allowed us to get rid of the long-standing problem hereditary from ZMZ - oil leakage through the packing.

Cylinder head

Thanks to the preservation of the inter-cylinder distance, it was possible to unify the cylinder head on 2445 cc engines. cm and 2890 cc. The UMZ 421 cylinder head is made of aluminum alloy and equipped with insert valve seats made of heat-resistant cast iron. The unification of the cylinder head led to the preservation of the old scheme of the gas distribution mechanism - the camshaft in the cylinder block (in the lower part) and the valve drive by rods, pushers and rocker arms.

Valves UMZ 421 do not have hydraulic clearance compensators (with the exception of some engine modifications produced after 2010) and require adjustment after 10-15 thousand km. In 2010, the engine camshaft was changed, the profile of which increased in height. This event allowed to improve the idling mode and achieve Euro-3 emission standards.

Major versions

The base carburetor model UMZ 421 had a tuned exhaust system. The system consisted of an exhaust manifold, a muffler, a muffler front pipe and a resonator. However, such a gas exhaust system caused difficulties with the installation of such engines on some serial UAZ vehicles, especially with a wagon-type body ("loaf"). These complexities have led to modifications with a non-customized release system.

In 1998, UMP entered a new sales market for itself - supplies of engines of the UMZ 4215 model for low-tonnage trucks of OAO GAZ began. At the same time, the growing requirements for the toxicity of exhaust gases led to the equipping of UMP engines with fuel injection systems with fuel supply control and ignition parameters using electronic control units. The first engines with such systems were shipped to customers in 1999-2000 - a motor with the UMZ 4213 index was installed on UAZ-3160 vehicles.

For the complete set of UAZ cars, 98-horsepower 4218.10 (with a degree of 7.0 for A80 gasoline) or 103-horsepower 4218.10-10 (with a degree of 8.2 for A92 gasoline) were supplied. Accordingly, the motors could be with different exhaust systems. Also, for the needs of UAZ, a 117-strong 4213.10-40 with a fuel injection system was produced. For GAZ cars, motors 4213.10-50, 4215.10-10, 4215.10-30 and 123-horsepower injection 4216.10 were produced.

Pros and cons of the engine

The new cylinder block was not always of high quality casting, which led to the ingress of oil into the cooling system. Sometimes such a problem arose after the first 10 thousand kilometers. The thin-walled block was found to be prone to deformation when overheated, resulting in costly repairs with replacement of the block head. Low fuel efficiency of carburetor versions. However, this disadvantage is partly offset by the transition to injection systems. In the first years of production, the owners complained about the insufficient strength of the intake manifold, but this defect was eliminated.

Despite all the problems, great unification with motors of previous years of production has become one of the significant advantages of the UMP 421 family. The price and prevalence of spare parts also play a significant role. The motor is quite simple to repair and maintain. With proper care, the plant promises a resource of at least 250 thousand km.

UMP 421 - more than 20 years in production

At present, UMP continues to produce engines of the 421 family. For the products of the GAZ plant, a gas-cylinder version of the engine is produced, which can be equipped with an air conditioning compressor and hydraulic compensators in the valve drive. On request, the engine is equipped with a modern drive unit with a poly V-belt. The engines are equipped with a fuel injection system, electronic ignition and develop from 100 to 125 forces subject to Euro-3 or 4. In addition, the 96-horsepower carburetor version 4215 remained in the series. All engines are designed for gasoline A92 and higher, since the production of low-octane A80 discontinued.

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Ulyanovsk Motor Plant OJSC specializes in the production of automobile four-cylinder in-line gasoline engines. Since 1970, the enterprise began to produce automobile engines with a working volume of 2.445 liters, the main consumer of which was the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant.

By the 90s, there was a need to improve the speed and traction-dynamic characteristics of manufactured cars, which required the creation of engines with increased torque and increased maximum power. In this regard, an engine of the UMZ-421 model with a working volume of 2.89 liters was developed and since 1996 began to be mass-produced.

The increase in working volume was obtained by increasing the cylinder diameter to 100 mm and the introduction of a new design of an aluminum cylinder block with cast iron liners. The engine of the UMZ-421 model is completely interchangeable with engines of the 2.445 liter family and was installed on cars of previous releases without alterations.

Since 1998, UMP OJSC began supplying engines of the UMZ-4215 model with a working volume of 2.89 liters to complete a number of modifications of GAZ low-tonnage trucks. In order to meet the growing requirements in terms of increasing energy performance, improving fuel efficiency and environmental performance, reducing toxicity and noise, on the basis of the UMZ-421 engine, models of UMZ-4213 engines for Uaz and UMZ-4216 for GAZelle with an integrated microprocessor-based injection control system were developed fuel and ignition.

Since 1999, industrial lots of such engines began to roll off the assembly line of the enterprise. In 2006, engines UMZ-4213, UMZ-4216 received a certificate of compliance with the requirements of Euro-2 standards and have been serially produced since the official introduction of the standards.

This publication is dedicated to the UMZ-4213 and UMZ-4216 engines that meet the requirements of Euro-3 standards in the UAZ and GAZelle vehicles. In order to ensure the Euro-3 environmental standards and improve the technical and economic indicators, UMP OJSC in 2007 made a number of changes in the design of the UMZ-4213 and UMZ-4216 engines:

- the compression ratio was increased from 8.2 to 8.8, which allows to increase the rated power and maximum torque, to reduce the minimum specific fuel consumption;
- the design of the crankshaft damper has been changed, which ensures the reliability of reading the crankshaft position signal;
- used sleeves with access to the upper plane of the block, increasing the reliability of the gas joint "cylinder block - cylinder head";
- improved oil sump ventilation system, which minimizes oil carryover with crankcase gases;
- new components (ignition coils, temperature sensor) were used to ensure the reliability of electrical connections;
- spark plugs with a long threaded part were introduced, which made it possible to increase their reliability in the engine configuration, reduce the heat load on the spark plug, improve the seal, expand the range of spark plugs used, both domestic and foreign;
- an absolute air pressure sensor with a built-in temperature sensor in the engine control system was used instead of a mass flow sensor, which made it possible to simplify the accounting of air entering the engine, including in the event of a leak in the intake system.

JSC "UMP" is constantly improving the design of engine units and parts, so they may slightly differ from those described in this publication. Description as of January 1, 2008.