How long can one model last on the assembly line? Five, ten, fifteen years?

Domestic all-wheel drive minibus UAZ-452, being the oldest produced domestic car. Fifty-two years on the assembly line is no joke. Of course, during this time, a number of car modifications were carried out - the model received a more powerful engine, a new braking system, optics and a number of other improvements. But, by and large, these changes did not greatly affect the appearance and characteristics of the car, popularly called "loaf".

UAZ-452 and its later modifications are a rather tempting object for serious modifications. Tuning the UAZ loaf is usually carried out in the direction that allows you to create an excellent roomy off-road car. This refinement is going on in several main areas:

• Engine upgrade or replacement
• Suspension refinement
• "Cultivation" of the salon

Improvements to the appearance, installation of additional equipment, painting and other "decorations" are also quite often practiced, and it is they that stand out on the photos representing the UAZ tuning. However, only those improvements that really affect the cross-country ability and usability of the car will be considered here.

The main advantage of the "Tablet" is its high cross-country ability, which is ensured by high ground clearance, permanent all-wheel drive and a successful body design with minimal overhangs. By this parameter, UAZ leaves far behind modern SUVs and even some cars, proudly called SUVs.

Another important advantage is the reliability and relative simplicity of the design.

The car is, as they say, sturdy, and maintenance of old UAZ modifications can be carried out in any garage. As for the updated versions, not everything is so simple. A more modern engine, of course, is significantly superior to the hopelessly outdated ZMZ-402 in many respects, but the presence of an injector in the power supply system makes it impossible to perform many works without special equipment.

However, the carburetor version is still much more common. In any case, if we talk about the private owners of "Bukhanka". So, where to start when tuning your UAZ loaf with your own hands?

As is the case with most domestic cars, it is most likely not possible to improve the performance characteristic of the native UAZ engine. The most effective method of tuning it is replacing the native carburetor with a more modern, fuel-saving unit. These are produced, for example, by DAAZ.

Installing a new carburetor will help reduce consumption, which even according to the passport for this relatively small car is up to 18 liters per hundred kilometers, by 10-20%.

It is also worth trying to solve the problem of engine overheating in hot weather. The simplest option is to replace the standard fan with an option with an increased number of blades.

It is also worth changing the radiator by installing a more powerful version.

If big savings are needed, a significant amount of money will have to be spent. If you watch some videos that represent a do-it-yourself UAZ loaf tuning, you can pay attention to the sound of the engine, which is completely different from the non-melodic howl of a native gasoline engine. Indeed, many owners, preparing the car for fishing or hunting trips, chose to replace the factory unit with a diesel engine.

In this sense, the Andoria power plant is perfect. Assembled on the basis of the modernized Perkins diesel engine, this power plant provides real savings, an increase in traction and power reserve in comparison with gasoline versions - both carbureted and modern injection. For UAZ, a modification of the engine is suitable, which develops 102 l / s and has a torque of 205 N / m already at 2000 rpm. In addition, the fuel consumption of such an engine is 40-45% less than that of the gasoline version.

The installation of such an engine should not be associated with great difficulties, because it is structurally designed specifically for the UAZ - 452 and its modifications. The only drawback of this type of tuning is the rather high cost of the unit. And to buy such a motor from your hands at a much lower price is quite difficult.

The behavior of UAZ on the road changes even more noticeably if the standard engine is replaced with a powerful 3.1 liter diesel from ISUZU. This turbine-powered unit delivers 130 hp and an enormous 310 Nm of torque. However, the installation of such an engine entails the modernization of the gearbox. The native box does not interact particularly well with such an engine, so it will be necessary to replace it with a more modern five-speed one.

Suspension tuning goes in two main directions. Strengthening of some of its parts is carried out, as well as changes are made to improve the off-road qualities of the car.

Strengthening the rear suspension consists in replacing the standard springs with more powerful ones, making the car more stable. Replacing the springs also entails the installation of more powerful arms and bushings. Standard shock absorbers are also changed to modern gas-oil. This allows not only to achieve a noticeably smoother ride, but also has a positive effect on the car's handling.

Too weak front springs must be reinforced. The frame is also reinforced - glasses are welded in. It will not be superfluous to install additional springs, choosing inexpensive and reliable from the VAZ "four".

In addition, a very common type of suspension tuning is to increase the ground clearance by 10-15 cm. Carrying out this operation allows you to install off-road thirty-third rubber on the "Loaf". In order to achieve such an increase in ground clearance, you should add 4 hockey pucks under each of the supports, and place a 12 cm liner between the bridge and the spring. The final step in increasing clearance is to weld the extension under the arm base.

Brake system

The native brakes of the UAZ are rather weak. This is especially true for cars manufactured before 2011.

Therefore, it is worth considering a complete replacement of the car's brake system, especially if the engine is planned or has already been replaced with a more powerful one. A good option should be recognized the installation of brakes from the "Volga" GAZ-24.

The main brake cylinder of the new brake system must be fixed to the frame, having previously connected to the brake actuator using a rocker arm and a rod. The vacuum cylinder is located near the transfer axle levers. Such modernization will significantly improve the response of the "Loaf" to pressing the brake pedal, shorten the braking distance and improve safety performance.

The UAZ-452 salon is an example of a Spartan environment typical for military equipment. This is not surprising, given that the "Loaf" was designed to accompany a tank column. Therefore, work in terms of improving the ergonomics and comfort in the cabin of this car is endless.

Start by replacing the standard seats and steering wheel. They were developed taking into account the anthropometric data of the soldiers of the tank forces, and most of the tankers of that time were not very tall. Therefore, the standard chair must be dismantled together with the mount, and instead of it installed in a more modern way, characterized by large dimensions and incredibly better comfort. If you choose a swivel model, you can immediately eliminate another ergonomic problem of the UAZ - mixing the driver's seat to the left relative to the steering column axis. This arrangement, chosen for easy access to the engine, is very tiring for the driver. But changing the steering wheel is all the more necessary, because a thin rim, cold in winter and sliding in summer, absolutely does not meet modern requirements for control ergonomics.

The design of the standard dashboard of Soviet UAZs is a phenomenon that is absent as such. The view of the bare metal of the dashboard, devoid of even a hint of noise and thermal insulation, implies the obligatory tuning of this element of the interior interior. Fortunately, this shouldn't be a problem today.

Various enterprises produce dozens of dashboard options, differing in the quality of materials, design, number of devices and cost. The most inexpensive option is to purchase a new type of panel that has been installed on UAZ vehicles since last year. All the necessary indicators of devices in it are displayed on a display shifted to the right, the panel provides a certain amount of noise insulation and looks much better than the bare metal typical of the "Loaves". More expensive options offer reasonably good ergonomics and an abundance of instrument scales.

There is an even simpler and more inexpensive option - installing a plastic trim over the metal dashboard. This step will save you money, but it will provide a reasonably good look for your vehicle's dashboard.

Whichever option of tuning the tidy is chosen, it is imperative to stick the soundproofing material before installing the panel. Do not forget that in classic "UAZ" cars, interior noise insulation is not provided.

Insulation material should not be spared at all. The bare metal of the body not only conducts sounds perfectly - it also contributes to the fact that the car is cool enough even with the heater on.

By the way, about heating. Comfortable accommodation in the cabin for an overnight stay, or even just movement in winter conditions requires the installation of an additional heater. It is best to choose a standalone liquid fuel option. This will allow not to use a regular stove at all - it is ineffective and takes a lot of heat from the engine.

A folding or folding table is often installed, more comfortable passenger seats, and even sleeping bags reclining to the sides and used as a backrest for passenger seats.

In general, the improvements to this model are multifaceted and varied, and include a wide range of work. The main thing for the owner before starting work is to determine for what purposes the car will be used and what changes are most needed. In order to determine the type of tuning, it is also advisable to look at the photos illustrating the UAZ loaf of tuning the salon with your own hands, which are widely presented on thematic sites. It is not necessary to follow them with accuracy, but such photos will give a general idea of \u200b\u200bthe direction of the work.

One of the most pleasant properties of both the entire model range of UAZ and specifically the loaf is that they provide almost unlimited possibilities for transforming the car. Thanks to a very successful platform and low cost, very successful experiments can be made over the car, which contribute to improving their driving performance and the ability to safely experiment with the design and tuning of the interior. You can be convinced of the difference in tuning variations made with your own hands by folk craftsmen by watching the video:

Important! Although tuning can be stylish for city trips, the loaf is in most cases used precisely as a car for off-road outdoor activities, fishing, and hunting. Therefore, the article will consider the variations and the main problems when tuning for wildlife.

What can be used as tuning for a loaf? It all depends on the personal imagination of each person, but there are the most popular loaf options. There will be a review about them:

• tuning the side parts of the car;
• trunk for transporting things;
• installation of a crane and additional means of loading / unloading;
• lighting means;
• reinforced suspension and shock absorbers;
• winches;
• bumpers and kenguryatnik;
• redoing the filling.

Car board

What kind of tuning without changing the standard factory paint and sides? To further increase the strength, as well as counteract the negative influences of nature, which are inevitable when driving off-road or when looking for places for fishing, the side parts are strengthened with stainless aluminum, followed by painting in the color of the environment or in military camouflage. When covering a loaf on our own, the sides of the machine are decorated with an aluminum profile from the bottom to the door handle. What the primary result looks like, which some craftsmen stop at, can be seen in this photo:

Trunk

As with any machine that is used for trips in difficult conditions, as well as for hunting and fishing, a significant amount of free space is needed in which to carry the necessary gear. UAZ loaf, thanks to its own factory parameters in the cabin, can provide the necessary space. This is enough for many, but not for everyone. There are people who just like to carry a lot of things with them, and there are those who do in reserve. Such people decide to protect themselves from lack of space by installing a large trunk during tuning. It must be said that he fully justifies the tasks assigned to him regarding the provision of additional space.

The trunk itself has a number of other properties, in addition to providing usable space. It is primarily used to protect the roof of a car from tree branches that can easily scratch it and peel paint off, reducing its visual appeal. In addition to clearly useful qualities, such an addition, in combination with enlarged wheels, pleases with a more respectful look of the car. Here is a photo of a good trunk "UAZ Loaf":

Warning! When tuning, the trunk shifts the center of gravity upwards, therefore, before installing it, you need to calculate whether it will harm the car. Also, due to the shifted center of gravity, you must be careful when cornering, since with a strong skid, the chances of the car turning over increase.

Mini Trunk Crane

The car itself is quite high, and it is very difficult to put things on the upper trunk, and especially heavy things, from a purely physical point of view. To simplify such a task, either manual means of lifting heavy things, in the form of a manual system of levers, or a hand-assembled mini-crane are used, which help to do the job with less force. For those who do not want to work on the creation of their own crane for the UAZ Bukhanka car, mini-cranes have been developed and are being sold, most of the modifications of which can easily load a load weighing up to 50 kilograms onto the trunk. They can pull even more, but at the same time, safety precautions should be observed and that the weight of the load being lifted does not rip off the trunk or cause the car to roll over. After tuning, the cranes look like this:

Suspension and shock absorbers

It is clear that by adding additional parts that will make the car heavier, it cannot do without increasing the safety margin - it will be very regrettable if the shock absorbers fail tens or hundreds of kilometers from civilization. And this is at best, the most harmless. Therefore, the suspension and shock absorber should be monitored in a separate way so that they are very well made, if they were made not in specialized UAZ Loaf tuning centers, but with their own hands. After improvement, motorists share their best practices, one of the best looks like this:

Many car owners are unhappy with their own bridge and replace it. It is often replaced by an extended one, which is removed from Barça. This is such a popular tuning action that it deserves a separate mention in the article. Differentials are also replaced with those that have increased friction, to avoid situations when the car gets stuck in the mud and slips, and also favors the long service life of the transmission. After all, a broken transmission disrupted more than just the plans of even trained off-road travelers.

Lighting means

For those vehicles that are planned to be used at night or on long trips, at least for several days, additional lighting can be installed, in addition to ordinary car headlights. The strength of the loaf's construction is so great that even small spotlights can be installed during tuning. The main question that needs to be solved by the craftsman is how to provide him with electricity in the conditions of off-road and lack of human settlements. But, given that most people put them on the trunks, then the power supply may also be there. In addition, the installation of additional equipment allows you to illuminate the road not only in front of you, but also to shine on the sides, so as not to miss a standing sign or other mark for travelers on the domestic UAZ Bukhanka car. An example of such an implementation is shown in the photo below:

Winches

Since such cars as a loaf are used in their mass for off-road, and often as part of a group, it will be useful to equip them during tuning with winches, with which you can pull the car out of the quagmire or just drag it if it stalls. For practical use, winches are installed in 2 places: in front or behind. What are the differences in their practical use? Front winches are very valuable if you need to pull the car out and you cannot turn the car. This is perhaps the only advantage. If you put the rear winch, then such a machine can not only pull out, but also drag it in tow, if there is no special towing channel. At the same time, the possibility of using it on the ground with difficult passage conditions, very difficult to fulfill - after all, they will deploy, say, in a swamp and not get into a bog, too - is not an easy task. In doing so, they can also add aesthetic beauty if done carefully with your own hands when tuning the loaf.

Bumpers and kenguryatniki

Reinforced bumpers can be installed only on a car that has a frame structure, and UAZ Loaf does not just have it, but has a time-tested and various conditions. Reinforced bumpers are usually understood to be made of steel, which can effectively protect the car from collisions with fallen trees, stumps or light collisions with other cars.

Reinforced bumpers are of two types: front and rear. They protect the front and rear parts of the vehicle body, respectively. Due to their relative cheapness, they are more valuable to reduce costs, since they allow you to spend less money than on car body repairs. Individual craftsmen do not buy power bumpers, but create them for tuning a loaf with their own hands. In such cases, aesthetic qualities are usually silent, but some works are really worthy of praise.

Also, for additional protection of the bumper and the engine of the loaf, kenguryatniks are used. Due to their simplicity in design and manufacture, they can be made for tuning with the help of several stainless pipes and the ability to solder. In addition, it is much easier to remake them in case of an unsuccessful execution design. Kenguryatniki can be used not only as additional protection, but also as a place for a spare wheel, which can be seen in the photo above.

Change of car filling

No matter how good the car is, you can always find what to improve in it during tuning. Start from the automotive heart of the loaf - the engine. The loaves are equipped with old-style injection engines. They satisfy many in their driving characteristics, which are beyond praise, but there are also individuals who believe that there is no limit to perfection. To replace the engine during tuning or not - it is only the owner himself who decides, but for our off-road it is enough for him.

If the engine is replaced only at will, then there are individual tuning points that do almost everything. Among them, the installation of wider discs along with wide tires for the loaf, in order to reduce the pressure on the road (or off-road, this is already a matter of operation) and to avoid the situation when the car "sits belly on the road."

Conclusion

Of course, there are a lot of all sorts of options and variations in tuning this wonderful and truly universal car, and the description given in the article is just one of them. But this was not at all the main thing in the article. The main thing was to convey the idea that the UAZ Loaf is a simple car, and any person who is friends with tools and is not afraid of work can significantly improve its cross-country ability and quality during tuning. What kind of loaf will turn out is up to those who are working on improving it, on its appearance and technical characteristics, but one thing can be said - with straight hands during tuning, you will get an excellent car that can easily run more than one thousand kilometers without problems. And finally, a video in which it will be shown and told about one of such loaves that was described in the article, and which is intended for fishing and off-road:

Every year, cars of domestic origin, which at the end of the last millennium were an integral part of every settlement, are getting smaller. An example can be called - almost a real legend, with high capacity and maneuverability. Many people know this vehicle for use in gas emergency services or ambulances.

Recently, quite often this car began to be used to create your own limousine.

What qualities does the car in question have?

Finding a Loaf in good technical condition is currently quite difficult. However, if the vehicle body is not badly damaged by corrosion, then it can be used for self-tuning. UAZ can be characterized as follows:

• High cross-country ability. The model under consideration was often used to create a vehicle with high traffic. This is due to the fact that it has four-wheel drive, and the curb weight is low. In addition, do not forget about a fairly high ground clearance, which also determines increased cross-country ability.
• Large capacity. The vehicle has an almost flat floor and high body height. Moreover, the body has a square shape, which is important when carrying out tuning.
• Also, do not forget that the vehicle is initially poorly equipped. This moment determines a significant simplification of the work of dismantling the finish.

In general, we can say that it is one of the most popular cars among those that are most often used in tuning. That is why we will consider all the features of the work on tuning the salon. The onset of winter cold becomes the reason why it becomes cold and uncomfortable in the Loaf. This is because the degree of vehicle insulation is very inconsequential. Within a short time, the body freezes, and the installed stove does not cope with the tasks.

The above information determines that additional insulation is required. When carrying out tuning, in which thermal insulation is performed, you can significantly increase the comfort of being in the car. UAZ cannot be classified as an expensive vehicle. That is why it is impractical to invest more in it. That is why we will consider how you can isolate the cabin using improvised means.

Types of material used for interior insulation

Many companies that provide professional vehicle retrofit services often use special materials that can protect the interior from cold and noise. However, the cost of such insulating materials is relatively high, which determines a significant increase in the cost of improving the interior.

When choosing a thermal insulation material, you should pay attention to the following points:

1. The thicker the material used, the less space in the vehicle interior. At the same time, with an increase in the thickness of the material, the work on laying the material becomes much more complicated. An example is the installation of insulation on bends.

2. Also, do not forget that the insulation must withstand a sufficiently high temperature, vibration and other influences.

Work to increase the thermal insulation qualities has been carried out over the past few years. During this time, materials were found that are most suitable for solving the task. Traditional choices for thermal insulation include:

• Sheet plywood. This material does not have a high cost, it is represented by wood sawdust, which is glued together. Wood is one of the most common thermal insulation materials of natural origin.
• Foam rubber is an artificial thermal insulation material that is very popular. It is lightweight, inexpensive, and can be processed. However, it should be borne in mind that the material is quite flammable.
• Special noise and vibration insulation coatings. They have a fairly high efficiency, they are used in the professional tuning of many cars.
• Traditional insulating materials such as mineral veil, aluminum foil, bitumen sheets and many others.
• In some cases, the floor is insulated with thick enough aluminum sheets. Metal is laid in the event that there are problems with the integrity of the body due to severe corrosion.

Sidebar: Important: It should be borne in mind that the final result will be influenced not only by the properties of the selected material, but also by the quality of the work carried out. When performing work, the dimensions of the material should be adjusted as accurately as possible to the dimensions of the body, to exclude the possibility of cracks and large gaps. Particular attention is usually paid to the insulation of the door. It is she who, due to the design features, often becomes the cause of the cold in the cabin.

Application of polystyrene

Polystyrene is often used as an insulating material. It has been used to solve the problem under consideration over the past few years.

Its features include:

1. Low cost due to the peculiarities of production.
2. High thermal insulation characteristics. If we consider this material in comparison with others, which can also be used in this case, then in terms of efficiency it is significantly superior to others.
3. Does not react to high humidity, which can also be called a rather important point.
4. Easy to operate.

1. Flexibility.
2. Integrity of the surface.

If the sheets do not have high flexibility, then they cannot be used to isolate surfaces that are in different planes. As with other materials, thermal insulation is carried out with polystyrene, then all ventilation holes should be left open. In this way, the likelihood of the formation of mold and mildew on the surface of the sheathing can be eliminated, since ventilation is necessary to prevent the greenhouse effect.

However, one should take into account the presence of a significant drawback. The material is highly flammable, which significantly reduces the safety of movement in a vehicle. It should also be borne in mind that with strong heating of the body there is a possibility of releasing harmful to the human body. Therefore, in some cases, it is advisable to pay attention to other insulating materials.

Foil insulation

Recently, foil insulation has been quite popular.

It is combined with other insulating materials to increase the efficiency of the work carried out. The features of the use of the considered insulation include the following points:

• If you carry out high-quality styling, you can achieve the effect of a thermos. Foil canvas copes well with insulating properties, does not allow heat to escape into the environment.
• In some cases, you can do with only one foil sheet. An example is a material called penofol. It is made of polyethylene foam in combination with a foil layer. Penofol comes on sale in various versions, the thickness of the material does not exceed 20 millimeters.

The peculiarities of the use of this material include the fact that the foil surface must necessarily be directed towards the inner side.

This recommendation is due to the fact that the foil surface becomes a kind of reflective screen that retains heat and prevents it from escaping into the environment. Low weight and thickness determine the high efficiency of the material. That is why it is often used when insulating a car.

Application of sheet plywood

Previously, sheet plywood was often used to achieve this task. Note that this material was quite often used in car tuning, since it has a low cost and a high degree of workability. Its features include:

1. Low weight and thickness of one sheet.
2. The material can be found at the most affordable prices.
3. Changing the shape and size is carried out using the most common tools.
4. Natural origin determines a high degree of ecological purity.

However, there are significant drawbacks due to which sheet plywood has become rarely used when insulating a car interior. An example is the moment that the material is based on wood, which means it is susceptible to the effects of high humidity. Also, do not forget that the flexibility of the material is low - this moment determines that the material can only be used to isolate straight planes.

Quite often, when using plywood to insulate a car, you also have to purchase a special material for waterproofing, since otherwise high humidity, condensation and many other points will cause the formation of fungus and rot.

Spraying polyurethane

A modern way of insulating the body can be called polyurethane spraying on the inner surface. This method has recently been very popular, as it allows you to achieve a truly effective result.

Note the following features of this method of insulating the vehicle body:

• To begin with, you should pay attention to the fact that the material can be applied to various surfaces, the plane of which is located relative to each other at an angle of 90 degrees or more. At the same time, the size of the car does not affect the efficiency.
• Also, do not forget that this method allows you to clog all the cracks in the car body, which may appear in various parts of the car over the long service life of the Loaf.
• The technology of applying the material itself is quite simple, but requires special equipment. Therefore, it is often impossible to carry out the work on your own. However, we note that the cost of the procedure is relatively low. Special equipment means a spray gun that is capable of applying liquid polyurethane foam to a surface.
• The initial drying of the applied material takes place within 20 seconds. The insulating material then becomes less susceptible to attack. It takes at least a couple of hours to completely dry. These moments determine that the car will be ready for further work or operation during the day.
• Unlike some other materials, polyurethane foam is absolutely environmentally friendly, that is, it does not lead to the release of harmful substances into the environment. When the body is heated in a warm couple of years, the insulating material in question does not change its main operational properties.
• The features of the considered method of applying an insulating material determine that the applied substance, after complete drying, creates a seamless coating. However, the dimensions of the body and its geometry do not affect the final result. The absence of joints and seams determines the high insulating qualities of the formed layer of material.
• The material itself has high adhesion and flexibility. These moments determine that it is quite easy to attach another skin to it, and when it is clamped, the sound of crackling and rattling will disappear, since all panels will be rigidly fixed.
• Polyurethane foam serves for several years, does not require additional maintenance or repair for a long time period.
• A high indicator of lightness determines that insulation work does not cause a significant increase in the weight of the vehicle structure. It is worth remembering that an increase in the curb weight indicator causes an increase in fuel consumption and a significant deterioration in cross-country ability, controllability. Therefore, use of heavy insulating materials should be avoided.
• The use of sheet insulating material causes the formation of gaps, a small space between it and the body. It is this reason that leads to the formation of condensation, as a result of which the process of corrosion formation occurs on the surface of the body.

In general, we can say that this method of body insulation is one of the most attractive. It should be noted that it is not only heat-insulating, but also sound-suppressing material. Thus, when using it, it is possible to increase the hydro, thermal and sound insulation not only of the UAZ, but also of other vehicles.

Mineral wool

Mineral wool has recently been used to insulate various structures and structures, including a car.

Such high popularity can be attributed to the following key features of the material:

1. It has a relatively low cost.
2. When using mineral wool, you can increase the heat and sound insulation of the car.
3. Low weight means that the curb weight of the vehicle does not increase significantly.
4. The material can be processed, the mineral wool sheets can be cut into different parts that are most suitable.
5. Environmental cleanliness determines that even during long-term operation the material does not emit harmful substances into the environment.
6. Easy to use, highly efficient.

Quite often, when looking for an insulating material, mineral wool is chosen, which is produced in rolls with a small thickness. Flexibility with a small thickness determines the possibility of using cotton wool to insulate curved surfaces, which are quite abundant in a car.

How the installation work will take place depends on the characteristics of the selected insulating material. However, in all cases, the preparatory stage will be approximately the same.

It consists in performing the following work:

• First, you should dismantle the entire skin. Note that when performing this work, you should be careful, as some trim elements will be needed in the future, even if the interior is changed.
• Pay particular attention to wiring. When dismantling the casing, you need to be careful, since insignificant damage to the wires can lead to significant problems: replacing the wire will not be difficult, but finding the place of damage or the faulty wire itself will be quite difficult.
• In order to achieve high efficiency from the insulating material, all surfaces must be coated. Particular attention is paid to the wall that separates the engine from the rest of the vehicle interior.
• Dismantling must be carried out to the very metal.
• After completion of dismantling work, the body should be inspected and its condition determined, if necessary, repair work should be carried out.
• Before laying any insulation material, the surface is first cleaned of dirt, then degreased.
• Separately, you should highlight the ventilation ducts, which must not be sealed with insulating material.

In general, there are no problems with dismantling, since the panels are fastened using the usual method: using screws, bolts, fasteners and other common fastening materials. You can use the vehicle manual to disassemble the front panel.

Maksim. Among all the methods of insulating a car body, I recommend dwelling on spraying polyurethane. This method simply cannot be compared with others in terms of the implementation prostate and the achieved result. That is why it is recommended not only by me, but also by other experts in the field in question.

Yuri. I did it, I decided to work on the insulation of high quality. I used foil sheets and mineral wool - I was satisfied with the results. Friends recommended polyurethane, a new method of application by spraying, but I wanted to do the work myself and save money. Therefore, I stopped at the indicated materials.

Video tuning of the UAZ Bukhanka salon

UAZ off-road vehicles have gained considerable popularity in the vastness of Russia, but many UAZ vehicles have one big drawback - a low level of comfort.

Also, cars of the UAZ 452/3303 series are not very convenient in operation, therefore many car owners are trying to modernize the car, making various improvements to it. Tuning UAZ "loaf" is a relevant topic, interesting to many motorists.

The UAZ-452 off-road vehicles are distinguished by their remarkable technical characteristics, and the car is practically unrivaled in its off-road qualities. The UAZ "loaf" is one of those few cars that are in no hurry to be scrapped, very often these cars are restored and tuned. Moreover, almost any units and parts in a car are modernized, from the interior and body, to the power unit, axles and suspension.

Unfortunately, the Ulyanovsk plant did not take too much care of the comfort of the driver and passengers of the SUV, and often the owners of the cars have to bring the UAZ to mind on their own. Another drawback of the "loaf" is instability on the road at speeds over 90 kilometers per hour, but even here car owners do not get lost, they upgrade the suspension, change the castor (wheel angle).

What you can do with your own loaf:

• lift the front and rear suspension;
• install a more powerful and high-torque motor on the car;
• equip the SUV with additional light;
• change civilian bridges to military ones;
• repaint the body in "metallic", or apply airbrushing;
• tinted side and rear windows;
• change front and rear bumpers;
• complete the car with a winch;
• install a body kit - kangaring, roof rack, stairs to the back door;
• change wheels to larger ones with better tread;
• introduce a pre-heater into the vehicle.

In general, you can still do a lot, the main thing is that you have enough imagination, skill and money for tuning the UAZ "loaf" with your own hands.

Sitting in the "native" seats in the UAZ is extremely inconvenient, and when it comes to tuning the UAZ "loaf" salon, first of all, car owners change the seats in the car. There is no point in modifying the "seats", it is easier to "introduce" seats from some foreign car or a Russian passenger car.

But there is one problem - there is very little space in the front passenger and driver's seat, and not all "foreign" seats will fit here. If we consider the "seats" from Russian cars, then the seats from the "Oka", "Nine", "41st Moskvich" will enter the front salon. True, spare parts from Russian cars do not differ in high quality, so it is better to take seats from foreign cars:

• Mitsubishi Delica;
• Honda Civic;
• Toyota RAV4;
• Opel Astra;
• Volkswagen Passat B3.

The seats should not be wide, otherwise they will not fit in the cabin. But this is not the most important thing - it is important that they are not high, then it will be impossible to drive.

If the car is going on a long trip, such as fishing or hunting, it is important to arrange comfortable sleeping places. Tuning the fishing saloon also provides for the installation of a table at which one could dine during the trip. It is certainly a good idea to have a picnic on the beach, but the weather is not always good, and you can't sit outside in the rain.

It is equally important to carry out normal lighting in the rear passenger compartment - again, the "native" light leaves much to be desired. But here it should be borne in mind that a large number of interior lampshades "eats up" a lot of electricity, so even a fairly good battery can be easily planted. There is a way out of their position, you need to put LED lights instead of ordinary bulbs, and they have many advantages:

• little electricity is consumed;
• lED lamps look aesthetically pleasing;
• illuminate LEDs brighter;
• such lamps are much more durable.

There is also a drawback - LEDs are much more expensive, but having installed such lighting once, you can forget about replacing bulbs for a long time.

Another disadvantage of the UAZ is the scanty standard steering wheel, and many drivers do not like it. You can try replacing the steering wheel with something of a better quality, but there is one problem here - the steering wheel is not easy to pick up on the splines. Many car owners put the steering wheel from the Gazelle, but without alteration it turns out to be too high. Specially adapted steering wheels for UAZ are sold in car dealerships, they are the easiest to change. Another option is to install the steering wheel assembly with the steering column, then everything will definitely fit the mountings. If there is no desire and opportunity to tinker with the steering wheel alteration, you can attach a braid to the rim, it will also fit from the Gazelle.

The UAZ "loaf" dashboard looks rather primitive, and in order to somehow improve it, some car owners paste over the "tidy" with a film. You can also put the dashboard from the GAZ-3110 or Gazelle, but there will already be more alterations here.

External tuning "Loaf"

UAZ 3303 is a very durable and reliable car, however, its body and body parts are subject to corrosion. First of all, the doors, the body frame, the floor begin to rot. If rust has gone along the body, repair is required, and welding is indispensable here. After work, the body of the loaf is treated with a composition of red lead with drying oil; there are also special means for processing body iron.

After welding and straightening work, body painting is required, but painting the car in a standard green color is not interesting. UAZ cars are tuned in different ways, and on the roads you can often see "loaves" tuning:

A body kit plays a significant role in tuning, and it is needed not only for beauty:

• kangaring and power bumpers protect the body from impacts;
• roof rack allows you to unload the car interior, take more cargo with you.

External tuning body kit elements for UAZ can be bought at car dealerships, the most popular is RIF products. The factory-made power front bumper can be equipped with a mechanical or electric winch, which is simply necessary in off-road conditions.

Also, the roof rack is not for beauty, but still I want it to look aesthetically pleasing. To make a nice home-made trunk, you need to have locksmith skills and experience, and without a certain skill, it is still better to buy finished products at car dealerships. The factory expeditionary roof racks are provided with brackets for installing additional light, the factory product is capable of withstanding a load of up to 200-300 kg. In addition to its main task of transporting goods, the trunk also performs additional functions:

• protects the roof from all kinds of damage;
• serves to accommodate additional skylights;
• can carry a spare wheel, for this a special mount is provided on the trunk.

Additional light is of considerable importance on the UAZ; moving in the dark without good powerful headlights is quite problematic. Additional light is installed not only on the roof, but also in front, on the power bumper (kanguring). It is best to install LED headlights, they have several advantages:

• lED lamps serve for a very long time, the service life of lamps is from 25 to 50 thousand hours;
• the lighting is bright, close to natural light;
• lEDs consume very little energy, approximately 10-15 times less than halogen lamps.

But LEDs also have their drawbacks - while lighting devices of this type are still quite expensive, and if the LEDs burn out, you have to change the entire headlight.

Some car enthusiasts ask the question - why do you need tuning for off-road, if the UAZ already has very good cross-country ability? Of course, the "loaf" is well adapted to rough terrain, however, it can get bogged down in impassable mud. To make it easier to overcome the roads, the suspension of the UAZ 452/3303/3962 and other modifications is subjected to lifting - with the help of special spacers under the springs, the ground clearance is increased.

It should be noted that to increase the clearance, it is possible to carry out not only a suspension lift, but also from the body itself. In order to raise the body relative to the road, additional spacers are laid between the chassis and the frame. The frame is attached to the body with ten bolts and nuts, but sometimes it is not easy to unscrew the fasteners, since the nuts and bolts become rusty over time, and sometimes it is quite problematic to dismantle them.

It is possible to lift the suspension by using additional leaf springs, as well as by installing spacers between the axles and springs (they also install elongated spring earrings). Car dealerships sell special lifting kits, and you can increase the ground clearance to different heights - 20, 30, 40 and 50 millimeters. But when going to raise the body high relative to the road, it must be borne in mind that in this case the car loses stability and there is a danger of overturning.

The old UAZ-452 models were equipped with the Ulyanovsk Motor Plant UMZ-451 engine, as well as other modifications of the UMZ internal combustion engine (414/417/4178). Later on UAZ "loaves" there were internal combustion engines of the Zavolzhsky Motor Plant, such as ZMZ-402 (4021) and ZMZ-409. Ulyanovsk motors of the first releases hardly make sense to upgrade, in case of engine failure it is easier to replace it. But ZMZ engines are tuned, and not so rarely.

What should be done to increase the power of the "402" engine in a garage? If the motor has a derated head of a block with a height of 98 mm (ZMZ-4021), you can mill the surface of the cylinder head, remove 4 mm. Thus, the engine will be adapted to run on AI-92 gasoline. When assembling the piston group, it will not hurt to adjust all pistons and connecting rods by weight, the difference between the connecting rod-piston pair in all cylinders by weight should not exceed 5 grams. Also, to reduce friction between the liner and the piston, the piston skirts can be polished with fine emery paper (no. 1000), but this is done when they are not in a hurry to assemble the engine, since it will take a lot of polishing time. It will also be harmless to cut the inlet holes in the manifold with a cutter, as well as in the block head - a few horsepower will be added.

Some car owners grind cylinder liners for repair pistons +1 mm, although there is also a repair of +1.5 mm on Zavolzhsky 402 engines, only it is quite rare. Liner boring gives a slight increase in cylinder volume, respectively, and power.

The most popular type of modernization of the ZMZ-409 is chip tuning. For this, the firmware is changed in the ICE control unit, which also contributes to the improvement of the technical characteristics of the motor, an increase in power.

Replacing the engine with a more advanced one is also a tuning option, many car owners strive to install a more modern engine, but it does not always have to be of a larger volume. An internal combustion engine with a large volume does not consume fuel very economically, and therefore, often, car owners put a diesel engine on the UAZ, which has two main advantages over a gasoline engine:

• fuel consumption with a diesel engine is noticeably less;
• a diesel internal combustion engine has better traction with the same cylinder volume as a gasoline engine.

Russian diesel engines ZMZ are not highly reliable, therefore imported power units are considered to replace the gasoline engine. Often the following motors are installed on UAZ "loaves":

• TD27 (Nissan, 2.7L);
• OM616 (Mercedes, 2.4L);
• 1KZ (Toyota, 3.0 l).

As a rule, an imported motor is paired with a foreign gearbox and razdatka, so it becomes necessary to fit the units under the axles, to make changes to the suspension. Of course, it is possible to put a modern turbodiesel on the "loaf", for example, Cummins 2.8, but such a power unit is expensive, and it does not tolerate Russian diesel fuel.

Having visited the workshop of the Tuning Center 4x4 on a friendly visit, I found a 2010 UAZ-Loaf, which came for preventive maintenance. It became interesting to see what was done and how it behaves (fell off or not :))

The loaf was built not at once, but gradually improving. Therefore, the total budget of improvements is difficult to calculate, but approximately at the time of 2016 it amounted to 1.6 million rubles.

Now the engine is being finalized (ZMZ 409): the task is to get away from the design with two belts and install a self-tensioning roller

And earlier, the engine was chipped to EURO 1, the catalyst was removed, the second lambda was turned off (somewhere + 25% HP was added)

Installed ceiling auto-air conditioner AirCommand Sparrow.
He's electric. For normal power supply, it was necessary to replace the standard generator with a RIF 150A.
Despite the high consumption of electricity, in extreme heat, the air conditioner does not always cope with the task assigned to it.

To heat the cabin in the cold season, a Webast hair dryer is installed.
And in order to protect ourselves from energy starvation, we connected a second battery. She took a seat behind the back of the passenger seat, instead of the standard additional stove. The T-MAX controller controls the charge of two batteries.

By the way, about energy consumption: they have been looking for a long time why the battery is "sitting" on a long parking lot. The culprit was the Prestige trip computer. It was he who consumed the electricity. The developer has fixed this flaw and with the new firmware there is no energy "stealing".

Instead of a noisy, standard, second stove, a new, compact

She was placed under a folding table in the salon

Due to the alteration of the engine, the air filter was taken out into the cabin. Now he lives under the seat.
The snorkel tube is visible on the right.

The salon is partially covered with aluminum.

Windows are closed with special, car, curtains

The curtains of the same plan are installed on the passenger compartment bulkhead in order to warm up / cool the cabin faster in the absence of passengers.

Windows with vents are replaced with sliding ones, from Off-Road Window Solutions

The cabin has rails for securing cargo