Correct wheel alignment is one of the most important factors in ensuring the normal handling, stability and stability of the vehicle in straight-line driving and when cornering. The optimal suspension geometry parameters for each model are laid down at the design stage. The preset values \u200b\u200bof the wheel alignment angles are subject to change and require periodic adjustment due to natural wear of the components and elements of the chassis or after repair of the suspension. The angles should also be corrected when making changes to the car's suspension, for example, with an elevator.

Types of basic car wheel alignment angles

Story

How did it all start?
The car was the direct heir to the cart. Remember what it was called at the dawn of motorization? - Horseless carriage. It was the design of the carriage that formed the basis of the first cars.

However, a car differs from a cart in that it is not pulled, but it drives itself. What will happen if such a cart is not pulled, but pushed and at the same time one wheel hits a small obstacle? For example a pebble or a pothole in the road?
In this case, the system leaves a stable state (straight motion) - the front axle sharp unfolds. This is due to the large shoulder run.

How to deal with this? The first thought is to make the roll-in shoulder equal to zero with separate steering axles for each wheel. Something like this.

Let's admit. Then no brick or hole in the road can turn the wheel around its steering axis. By the way, in this design, a longitudinal tilt of the wheel steering axis (castor) appeared, which at that time was already used in bicycle designs. However, the cars became heavier and their tires wider and this solution caused problems. The fact is that it is very difficult for the driver to turn the wheel of such a car on the spot or at low speed due to the increased weight of the car and the width of the profile of its tires. There were no steering boosters at that time, and therefore the designers decided to make the run-in shoulder not zero, but about 25% of the tire profile width.

Now, when hitting an obstacle, the turning moment, in comparison with the cart, has decreased by several orders of magnitude, and the effort when turning the wheel has become several times less than with zero shoulder, because now when turning, the wheel does not turn around the center of the tire contact patch, but rolls, albeit along a small, but radius.

But in the presence of, albeit a small, but still shoulder, each wheel tends to turn outward even when driving on a flat road (without stones and holes). To reduce the turning moment caused by the roll-in shoulder, the wheels are not installed straight, but at a certain angle. This one is called an angle toe-in... Now the turning moment is compensated by the convergence of the wheels, but the wheels themselves are, as they say, a plow.

Now the time has come camber... If the "plowing" wheel is tilted outward, then due to the elastic deformation of the tire, the wheel, in the contact patch with the road, will take the form of a strongly truncated cone that will roll in an arc. Now, in fact, we have not “plowing” cylinder-wheels, but two truncated cones. And due to the fact that these "cones" have both toe and camber, their treadmills are directed straight.

But now, after turning the steering wheel, the wheels "do not want" to return to the straight position, and indeed, all the time you have to "catch" this most direct position. Positive castor helps a little here. What to do?

This problem was solved simply - the wheel was tilted in the transverse plane (angle β). Now when you turn the wheel, the front of the car will ascend... The steering wheel will become a little heavier, but when the car moves, the wheels will tend to take a straight position, as they say, automatically.

Over time, the speed of cars increased and it took dynamic stabilization - so that the wheel, at speed, itself returns to its original position if, for some reason, it deviates. For this, the longitudinal angle of inclination of the axis of rotation was introduced - caster... (piano wheel principle)
In dynamics, the wheel tends to take the most stable position, which is located behind the axle.

Now, when cornering, the lateral road reactions applied behind (thanks to the caster!) Try to get the wheel back into place.
Moreover, if a lateral force acts on the car that is not associated with a turn (for example, you are driving on a slope or in a crosswind), then the caster ensures, when the steering wheel is accidentally released, a smooth turn of the car "downhill" or "downwind" and does not give it tip over.

Now about the same, but more officially:

Camber (eng. Camber) is the angle formed by the midplane of the wheel and the vertical passing through the intersection of the midplane of the wheel and the bearing surface. Distinguish between positive and negative camber:
positive (+) - when the top of the wheel is tilted outward (away from the car body)
negative (-) - when the top of the wheel is tilted inward (towards the car body)

Structurally camber formed by the position of the hub assembly and provides maximum contact patch area tires with road. In the case of double wishbones, the hub position is determined by the upper and lower wishbones. In a MacPherson strut, the camber is influenced by the lower arm and strut. The deviation of the values \u200b\u200bof the camber angle from the norm affects the car as follows:

+ good car stability in turns
- wheel adhesion worsens during straight motion
- increased wear of the inner side of the tire

Positive angle too large:
+ good grip
- deteriorates stability in turns
- increased wear on the outer side of the tire

For UAZ vehicles, the camber angle is fixed and is:
for UAZ-452 and UAZ-469: 1 ° 30+-15"
for UAZ Patriot and UAZ Hunter with type bridges Spicer: 1 °

Wheel alignment (eng.toe) - the angle between the longitudinal axis of the vehicle and the plane of rotation of the wheel. It can also be defined as the difference in the distance between the front and rear walls of the wheel rims (in the figure, this is the value of A minus B). Thus, convergence can be measured in degrees or millimeters.

Distinguish between total and individual convergence. Individual toe is calculated separately for each wheel. This is the deviation of the plane of its rotation from the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the vehicle. Toe-in is calculated as the sum of the individual toe angles of the left and right wheels of one axle. The total convergence in millimeters is determined similarly.
With a positive toe-in value, the wheels are mutually turned inward in the direction of travel, with a negative value (toe-out) - outward.

The deviation of the values \u200b\u200bof the toe angle from the norm affects the car as follows:

Too large negative angle:
- the maintenance of the trajectory of movement worsens
- increased tire wear on the inside
- acute reaction of a car to steering

Positive angle too large:
- the maintenance of the trajectory of movement worsens
- increased tire wear on the outside

Toe-in on UAZ is adjustable and is for cars (B-A)
UAZ-452, UAZ-469: 1.5-3.0mm. (23"+-0.8")
UAZ Patriot, UAZ Hunter with Spicer bridges: 0.5-1.5mm (from 0 ° 3 "04" to 0 ° 9 "12")

Transverse angle of inclination of the axis of rotation of the wheel

Lateral angle of inclination of the axis of rotation (KPI) - the angle between the axis of rotation of the wheel and the perpendicular to the supporting surface. Due to this parameter, when turning the steered wheels, the car body rises, as a result of which forces arise that tend to return the wheel to a straight-line position. Thus, the KPI has a significant impact on the stability and stability of the vehicle in straight-line driving. The difference in the values \u200b\u200bof the lateral tilt angles of the right and left axles can lead to the vehicle drifting to the side with a large tilt. This effect can also appear if the normal values \u200b\u200bof the other wheel alignment angles are observed.

For UAZ vehicles, the lateral tilt angle is fixed and is:
UAZ-452, UAZ-469B: 5 ° 30 " + - 0 ° 30 "
UAZ-469 with portal bridges: 8 °
UAZ Patriot, UAZ Hunter with Spicer bridges: 8 °

Caster angle of the wheel axis

Longitudinal angle of inclination of the axis of rotation (eng. Caster) - the angle between the axis of rotation of the wheel and the perpendicular to the support surface in the longitudinal plane of the vehicle. Distinguish between positive and negative caster angles of the axis of rotation of the wheel.

Positive caster contributes to the emergence of additional dynamic stabilization vehicle when driving at medium and high speeds. This worsens understeer at low speed.

The caster angle for UAZ vehicles is set rigidly.
for UAZ-452, UAZ-469, UAZ-469B: 3 °+ -0 ° 30 "
for UAZ Patriot, UAZ Hunter with Spicer bridges: 5 ° -1 °

In addition to the above parameters, another characteristic is of great importance for the front axle - running shoulder... This is the distance between the point formed by the intersection of the axis of symmetry of the wheel and the support surface and the point of intersection of the line of transverse inclination of the axis of rotation and the support surface. The roll-in shoulder is positive if the point of intersection of the surface and the axis of rotation of the wheel lie to the right of the axis of symmetry of the wheel (zero shoulder), and negative if it is located to the left of it. If these points coincide, then the run-in shoulder is zero.

This parameter affects the stability and steering of the wheel. The optimal value for modern cars is zero or positive break-in shoulder. The sign of the run-in shoulder is determined by camber, lateral inclination of the wheel steering axis and wheel offset.

Car manufacturers do not recommend installing wheels with a non-standard offset, because this can lead to a change in the set run-in shoulder to a negative value. This can seriously affect the stability and handling of the vehicle.

Partially used materials from the article by Alexey Trebunskikh

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Convergence disorder of UAZ in Moscow - prices

UAZ Patriot 2016, wheel alignment

Vitaly: Conversion camber on 2 axles, after replacing the pins.

• Hello dear Vitaly!
  Thank you for your interest in AutoGERMES!
  The cost of the collapse on 2 axles is 3200 rubles.
  The nearest entry to the technical center Sormovskaya 21a on 28.08.19 from 15:00 pm.

  We draw your attention to the fact that at present the following offer is valid for UAZ car owners in our dealership:
  SPECIAL OFFER OF ANTI-CORROSIVE COATING OF WHEEL ARCHES FOR CARS WITH A RUNNING TIME!
  Wheel arches are one of the most vulnerable parts of a car.
  They are maximally susceptible to aqua impact and abrasive wear. In winter, they are exposed to the "salt fog" arising from the use of reagents.

  The arches are also the main source of noise in the cabin. Vibration is transmitted through them, which is converted into a hum that irritates the driver and passengers.

  A comprehensive service for processing wheel arches solves several problems at once:

  Reduces noise by 4 dB (TWO times)
  - prevents the formation of rust and blocks the already begun foci of corrosion
  - protects the surface from road gravel

  For the treatment of wheel arches we use PRIM anti-noise RS auto preparations. They are specially designed for used cars and form a durable protective layer with a service life of up to 12 years.

  The spray-on sound insulation service is not only a comfortable driving experience, but also a smart investment in the future of your car.

  Application cost RUB 6,500.
  We invite you to visit our dealership "AutoGERMES", located at
  Sormovskaya 21 a.
  For a guaranteed visit to our dealership at a convenient day and time, we suggest you use the service of pre-registration for service by the general telephone number of the company "AutoGERMES".

  We will be glad to see you at the AutoGERMES dealership located at Moscow, st. Sormovskaya, 21a, building 9!
  Opening hours: Technical center
  Mon - Sun from 8:00 to 21:00
  Driving directions:

• good afternoon similarity collapse from 2000 rubles if everything is spinning normally without additional work
• on two axles the cost is 3000 rubles
• Good evening! Descent collapse 2025 rubles Recording by phone, from 9-00 to 20-00

Maxim: toe-in the wheels.

• Go fuck the trash don't
• Maxim: Rubbish is your service. And the mechanics are there, and the administration is the goats that fell from the mountains.
• Go steal 😂😂😂😂
• Maxim: Why steal from you?
• The cost of adjusting the 1st axis is 1600 rubles, recording by phone.
• on Monday you can do it, the price is 2000 rubles

• UAZ Patriot 2014, wheel alignment

  Nikolay: Price for toe-out camber repair

  • one axle 1500
  • Good afternoon, dear client. We are glad that you have contacted FIT Service on this issue! Your request has been processed, and we are ready to provide all the services that interest you. I would like to draw your attention to the fact that before performing any work on the car, we recommend that you make a diagnosis of all units and identify only what really needs repair or replacement, this will save you money and time. We remind you that we provide a 1 year warranty for all spare parts purchased and installed from us. Please let us know your phone number so that we can reserve a convenient date and time for you. There is also an option to independently sign up from our website and get an additional 3% discount. We are also always glad to receive your phone call. Looking forward to cooperation, a team of professionals FIT Service.
  • Good morning. Camber-Convergence costs 2050 rubles. Recording by phone

• UAZ Hunter 2011, wheel alignment

  Vladimir: I called to make a gathering after replacing the pins

  • Good day!

    1500 descent camber for one axle.
    2500 for both axles.

    Respectfully,
    Auto tour.

  • 2000 work
  • Good morning! Unfortunately, we do not have a program with data and indications for your car! I recommend contacting another service center.
    Sincerely, Alexander.

Andrey: convergence of uaz patriot address price

• Moscow, Olminsky passage, 6с1
  from 1800 p.

• UAZ Patriot 2015, wheel alignment

  Artyom: Gathering collapse. Urgently.

  • Good afternoon) similarity collapse 1500
  • 2200 works on camber convergence
  • Hello, Artem, we are temporarily not doing it.
  • Call
  • we can do the collapse only on Saturday
  • Hello Artem! The cost of the camber is 2000 rubles for one axle, 2500 rubles for 2 axles. Let us know that you are from Autopoint, and you will receive a 10% discount. Car service "GoodZone" Balashikha, Zvezdnaya street, vl1,

• UAZ 3163 2017, wheel alignment

  Maxim: Price and possibly additional work ..

  • 2500 rubles
  • Good day!
    If you need extra. repair, then your parts will be needed.
    The approximate cost is about 2500 rubles.
    14 days warranty.
    It is necessary to register in advance.

• UAZ 3741 2016, wheel alignment

  Vladimir: descent collapse price for uaz loaf

  • Good day!
    The cost of work is 1600 rubles.
    Call us!
  • Hello 2000 r
  • Good day!
    The cost of work is 1600 rubles.
    Call us!
  • Good day! The cost of wheel alignment is 3000 rubles. You can sign up for the technical center by phone. Yours faithfully, group of companies AutoGERMES!

• UAZ 3163 2015, wheel alignment

  Alexey: Make a similar collapse.

  • 1600-00 RUBLES
  • Hello, alas, we are temporarily not doing it.
  • We do, call
  • 1200 rubles
  • Hello, the collapse of your car will cost from 1500r, depending on how the bolts go
  • Good afternoon, Alexey.
    Without a body lift as standard, the camber will cost 2500 rubles.
    Let us know that you are from Autotochek, you will receive a 10% discount.
    Car service "GoodZone" Balashikha, Zvezdnaya street, vl1
    ,

• UAZ Patriot 2012, wheel alignment

  Eugene: convergence on a UAZ Patriot car

  • Good evening! We carry out work on request. The price for work is 2000r for one axle, 3000r for two axles

• UAZ Patriot 2006, wheel alignment

  Alexander: Make convergence on UAZ patriot 2006.

  • Car service "Bosch Auto Service H2O-auto Alekseevskaya": Thank you very much for your appeal. We will be happy to advise you by phone: daily from 9.00 to 21.00
  • Toe camber adjustment - 2500
  • Alexander: Only convergence is done on the UAZ, you offer a price for the full range of works of an ordinary passenger car.

• UAZ Patriot 2015, wheel alignment

  Dmitry: The collapse of the convergence. Territorially South Administrative District, Yuvao

  • Good day! To date, the cost of the collapse of the stock is 990 rubles. You can find out detailed information and sign up for the technical center by phone. Yours faithfully, group of companies AutoGERMES!
  • Good day! To clarify the possibility and cost of performing the work - call our master-receiver
    And also visit our website and the VK group for additional information
    https: //xn----7sbbi1a3brl.xn--p1ai/

• UAZ 3160 2012, wheel alignment

  Valentine: Adjust toe-toe

  • Good day! The cost of the work will be 1500 rubles. You can sign up for a convenient technical center by phone. Yours faithfully, group of companies AutoGERMES!
  • Good day!
    We will gladly answer your request for car maintenance in more detail. To do this, we ask you to follow the link to our website
    There is a convenient application form for car repair, within an hour you will receive answers from car services with offers for car maintenance.
    You can also read the section "Best discounts" on the main page and write to a specific car service.
    Thank you for your request, we will be happy to help with the registration of an application for uremont by number:
    Team
  • You can also look at the section "Best discounts" on the main page and write to a specific car service. Alexander: Good day! you need to make a wheel alignment on a livtovanny loaf, with non-standard wheels. interested in the cost of work and the time that the procedure will take ... Mandatory in North-East Administrative District !!! Thank you in advance!!! communication by mail !!!)))
    • Good day!
      In this case, on a VAZ 2104 car, the collapse will cost 1200r.
      We inform you that the technical center at Dukhovskoy lane, 17 A, has moved to Varshavskoe shosse, 125, building 19
      You can find out detailed information and sign up for the technical center by phone. Best regards, AutoGERMES group of companies!

      We will try to make you an advantageous offer and will be glad to see you in our company.
      We accept clients by appointment.

    • We apologize, the answer was sent to you by mistake!
      Answer to your question: For a car in this version, there is no technical possibility to adjust the UUK. Yours faithfully, group of companies AutoGERMES!

      And finally, convergence. We are talking about the total convergence (the sum of the angles between the longitudinal axis of the machine and the plane that passes through the center of the right and left wheels). First for the front wheels. The positive toe is stability at high speeds, and the disadvantage is increased understeer. The advantage of negative toe is the improved reaction of the wheels to the movement of the steering wheel, and the disadvantage is the rapid wear of rubber, the transfer of road irregularities to the steering wheel, or simply "beating". As for the rear wheels, the situation is almost the same. If you make a negative toe, then the car will be prone to skidding. The best way is to drive the car with zero toe on both axles.

      The geometry of the wheels is what determines the driver's life. Incorrect camber of UAZ greatly changes the characteristics of vehicle handling. Moscow, as a large city with difficult driving conditions, makes the collapse still a financially intensive problem - if the settings are incorrect, tires wear out quickly. The UAZ computer descent collapse, or rather modern services for the diagnosis and adjustment of the wheel geometry, is an occupation that requires high qualifications and precise equipment. Not every technical center will perform the collapse with a high quality.

      The workplace of a UAZ camber specialist should ensure the horizontal position of the vehicle when adjusting the angles and installing the wheels, uniform loading of the suspension. Unfortunately, the average lift is always slightly skewed, sometimes several degrees. Is it so harmless if there is practically no deflection of the suspension with slight distortions of the lift? No, even 1-2 degrees of "non-horizontal" elevator leads to 1-2 degrees of error in measurements due to the gravitational principle of measurements of most stands. If we take into account that, for example, the full tolerance for wheel camber on modern cars does not exceed 30 minutes (half a degree), then a lift error of 1-2 degrees will fatally affect the results of measurements and adjustments.

      What indicates the need to conduct a similar collapse of the UAZ?
      ... There is a slip or the rudder has changed its position when driving in a straight line.
      ... The car does not hold the road well (prowls).

Every car owner has heard terms such as wheel alignment more than once. These terms mean the need for repairs, which may be needed at any moment. Such a need for repairs in poor-quality road surface or vehicle operation in harsh off-road conditions is associated. Actually, the UAZ Patriot SUV is designed for such aggressive operating conditions, therefore, every car owner of an all-terrain vehicle needs not only to know what wheel alignment is, but also to be able to make adjustments with his own hands.

Toe-in

The need to check and adjust toe-in, as well as camber, arises after repair work has been carried out with the chassis. You should also visit the service station after the car gets into large pits or bumps at speed, which lead to a violation of the integrity of the chassis. But even if the UAZ Patriot car is operated exclusively on smooth roads, then even in this case it is necessary to periodically visit the service station or adjust the camber-toe-in on your own.

Uneven tread wear on the front wheels is another sign of misalignment. If you notice that the protector is eaten up on one side, then an adjustment is urgently needed.

Toe is the parameter at which the wheels are in mutual position relative to each other. If this parameter is violated, an asymmetric position of the wheels relative to each other is detected. At the same time, they are spread out in different directions, which negatively affects the car's chassis and rubber.

Special adjustment device (ruler)

Camber and collapse are two completely different parameters, but which are carried out jointly at the workshop. It is not difficult to find out that it is not difficult to adjust the convergence on the UAZ Patriot SUV. To do this, you need to drive onto a flat and smooth track and release the steering wheel at a speed of 60-80 km / h. At the same time, if the car is going to go in any direction, then an adjustment is urgently required. Otherwise, untimely adjustment will lead to failure of the suspension components of the UAZ Patriot. But as you know, tires are the first to take the whole blow of such a malfunction. It all starts with quickly erasing the protectors in one or another part of the rubber. In addition, this negatively affects the rims, their curvature is observed. To visualize what is camber and what is convergence, a sketch is presented below.

Camber is the angle by which the plane of the wheel deviates from the vertical. The camber on the UAZ Patriot is not regulated - only adjustment, repair or replacement of pivots is performed.

Self-adjustment

The camber and toe angles on the UAZ Patriot SUV can be adjusted independently at home, while saving a considerable amount of money. In addition, this procedure is recommended to be performed periodically, but at least 1-2 times a year. This will save your car from serious breakdowns and the need to purchase new tires.

So, if you have decided that you need to adjust the camber and toe on the car, then the first step is to make sure that the chassis is working properly. If there is a need to repair or replace suspension parts, then adjusting the wheel alignment angles is simply pointless.

Having found out that the chassis does not need repair, you can proceed to the procedure for adjusting the wheel alignment angles. First, you need to find a level place where such events will be held. The UAZ Patriot SUV should be freed from excess weight and the tire pressure should be checked. This is very important, because these parameters can become incorrect adjustment.

Using a caliper in measurements

We start to adjust the wheel alignment angles and perform the following actions:

1. Initially, the steering wheel must be set in a straight position, thereby aligning the wheels.
2. Before adjusting the roll-off, chalk marks on the inside of the wheel at the front. The marks should be applied as close to the discs as possible.
3. You need to take a special bar (ruler) to measure the distance between the inner surface of the tires.
4. The ruler must be resting between the two wheels at the marked points. In this case, the ruler should not touch the car parts.
5. You need to fix the distance on the ruler.
6. Now you need to roll the car forward and measure the distance at the rear of the wheels with a ruler, using the same points. In this case, the ruler should not touch the body and suspension parts.
7. The indications are verified.
8. It is necessary that when measuring, the distance in the front part was 1-1.5 mm less than in the back.
   • If the distance between the wheels in the rear position is less than in the front position, then it is necessary to lengthen the steering rods by aligning the values.
   • If the values, on the contrary, are greater, then the rods should be shortened.
9. If the deviations do not exceed 1.5 mm, then the wheel alignment can be considered complete.

Checking and adjusting the wheel alignment is necessary to ensure good stability and control of the car, as well as uniform tire wear during operation.

Checking and adjusting the wheel alignment angles is performed on special stands according to the instructions for their operation.

The discrepancy between the actual values \u200b\u200bmeasured on the vehicle and the reference values \u200b\u200bindicated below can be explained by wear and deformation of suspension parts, deformation of the body.

Replacing or repairing suspension parts may lead to a change in the wheel alignment angles, so checking the wheel alignment angles after carrying out this work is mandatory.

Toe-check is carried out by measuring the distance between the middle parts of the tire sidewalls. Distance AND

There should be 0.5-1.5 mm less distance between the wheels in front IN between the wheels at the back.

The convergence of the front wheels is adjusted by changing the length of the steering linkage.

Follow these steps to adjust the toe-in.

Loosen the lock nuts and turn the adjusting rod until the wheels are in the correct alignment, then tighten the lock nuts.
The angles of maximum rotation of the wheels are checked at the stand.

The angle of rotation of the right wheel to the right (left wheel to the left) should be within 26-27 °.

Adjust the angles of rotation of the front wheels by turning the stop bolt 1 after loosening the lock nut 2 .

To ensure stability and controllability of the car, the front wheels of the car are installed at certain angles relative to the body and suspension elements. Three parameters are subject to adjustment: toe-in, camber and caster.

Figure: 1. The angle of the longitudinal inclination of the axis of rotation of the wheel

The caster angle of the pivot axis (Fig. 1) is the angle between the vertical and the line passing through the pivot centers of the spherical support and the bearing of the upper support of the spring strut guide, in a plane parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. To increase the angle of inclination of the pivot axis, the upper strut support, originally located as shown in photo 1, must be rotated 180 ° relative to the hole in the cup of the body mudguard (photo 2).

In this case, the angle of the longitudinal tilt of the axis of rotation will increase by 0 ° 52 "(the operating procedure is described in the subsection).

Camber angle (Fig. 2) - the angle between the plane of rotation of the wheel and the vertical. It is adjusted by turning the upper bolt securing the shock absorber strut to the steering knuckle (see. "Removing the spring strut guide").

Figure: 2. Camber

Toe-in (Fig. 3) - the angle between the plane of rotation of the wheel and the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. Toe-in can also be defined as the difference in the distance between the rim flanges measured at the rear and front of the wheels at their centers. Toe-in is adjusted by rotating the inner tie rod of the flat with the lock nut of the outer tie rod end released (see. "Removing the outer tip of the tie rod").

Figure: 3. Wheel alignment

It is recommended to check and adjust the alignment angles of the front wheels at a service station. Before adjusting, make sure that the tire pressure is correct, the tire tread wear on the left and right wheels is approximately the same, there are no backlash in the hub bearings and steering elements, the wheels are not deformed.

Checking the wheel alignment angles is mandatory if you have replaced or repaired suspension assemblies and parts that affect the values \u200b\u200bof these angles. Due to the fact that the installation angles of the front wheels are interconnected, first of all, the angle of the longitudinal inclination of the steering axis is checked and adjusted, then the camber and, last of all, the convergence.