Even having a very small summer cottage or vegetable garden, sometimes it is simply impossible to do without mechanical assistance in the form of a walk-behind tractor or a mini-tractor. This unit will be able to optimize many processes for maintaining the site, and attachments, which are widely available on the modern market, can significantly expand the scope of its application. This article is devoted to an overview and principles for choosing attachments that will help you mechanize many agricultural jobs.

Types and purpose

There are several types of attachments for mini tractors, which, for greater convenience, can be grouped according to their areas of application in various aspects of human life. There are also universal devices necessary for almost every owner of such a unit, to which, first of all, a trailer and a loader should be attributed.

In agriculture

Agriculture is a field in which various mechanical units are often used and, accordingly, attachments are most often used here.

Did you know? Land-processing equipment has long been treated with great respect. In the Middle Ages, theft of a plow was punished with the wheel.

Such devices include plows, harrows, various automatic devices for seeding the soil and planting plants, units for harvesting, for irrigation and spraying, as well as various trailers, loaders and dumps. Below we will consider in more detail the use of all these units in this area of \u200b\u200blife.

In construction

Attachments such as blades, excavator buckets, augers, trenching attachments and rippers make mini tractors very useful for digging trenches and holes for building foundations, as well as for digging cesspools, cattle graves and other depressions in the ground, which are large should exceed their depth.

Loaders, winches, buckets with loading platforms, cargo tractor carts, fork pallets allow builders to easily and quickly move various loads around the construction site - both small-sized and rather large and heavy. In addition, some of the above devices also allow you to lift loads to low heights.

Communal sphere

For the utility sector, the most important attachments are shovels, mouldboards, sprayers, brushes for washing asphalt, chemical and sand spreaders, snow cutters, buckets, snow throwers, plows designed for dumping snow and front loaders.

With the help of such an arsenal, utility workers can resist snow drifts on roads and sidewalks, fight against ice, clean streets from dust and settled small particles, clean paving slabs and the roadway, and also remove a variety of garbage - like household, accumulated in small quantities, and large consignments of construction waste.

Did you know? The smallest tractor that can be driven is the size of a pinhead and is housed in the Yerevan Folk Art Museum.

Livestock

In the livestock sector, it is very difficult to find a worthy application for attachments for mini tractors, since all work involves interaction with living organisms, which it is desirable not to physically injure during its implementation. Therefore, the most commonly used machines in this area are buckets, trailers, loaders and dumps.

With the help of these devices in animal husbandry, a rather narrow and specific list of works is performed, for example, cleaning livestock buildings from feces, transporting feed, animals or their meat, digging gutters and cesspools, and in very rare cases (this requires a rather serious qualification of a mini tractor operator) feeding animals.

Agricultural use

As already noted, agriculture is the area where attachments are most widely used, so in this article we pay attention to the attachments intended for it. Below you will find an overview of the most popular and useful machines used for agricultural soil and plant cultivation.

Soil preparation and cultivation

For the purpose of preparing and cultivating the soil, several units that are fundamentally different in their functionality are used:

The plow is used exclusively for the purpose of plowing the land and due to the fact that it plunges quite deeply with the blades into the soil, for its comfortable and effective use it is necessary to have a mini tractor with a capacity of at least 24 horsepower, for example, the Xingtai 244.

Important! In order to save time spent plowing and / or loosening, it is recommended to work towards the longest section of your plot. This way, you will waste less time on inefficient turns of the mini tractor and equipment.

Harrows, cultivators and rotary tillers are used to loosen the soil, and sometimes also to remove weeds and level the forthcoming planting site of cultivated plants.

By default, any mini tractor should cope with these units, however, the harrows are very often very wide, sometimes they can reach up to 400 centimeters. To use such large attachments, you must have a car with a capacity of at least 14-15 horsepower, for example, DW 150RXi, Forte 151 EL-HT Lux or Claus LX 155.
Mowers are most often used on the soil, which they are just planning to turn into a field, to clear it of various tall weeds, as well as small bushes. Absolutely any mini-tractor is suitable for working with the mower, the only condition for its adequate operation is the mandatory connection to the machine's battery.

Planting equipment

Most often, when they talk about planting crops with the help of such units, they mean planting vegetable crops, but it should be noted right away that with the help of attachments, it is possible to plant cereals, legumes, as well as corn.

Here is a list of the most popular equipment:

The principle of planting vegetable crops is that vegetables are fed from a common tank with a huge amount of planting material to different furrows through special tubes, which, after they enter the soil, are immediately sprinkled with earth. To work with such equipment, it is advisable to have a tractor that would be equipped with an engine with a capacity of 15 horsepower.

Seeders, in general, work on the same principle as machines for planting vegetables, only their tanks are much smaller, and instead of pipes through which vegetables are supplied, they are equipped with special nets moving in different directions along the direction of the mini tractor.

When there is a coincidence of cells located on different grids, a portion of grain falls out of the tank, which is sprinkled with earth. Adequate operation of such a seeder can be provided by a mini tractor with a capacity of 15 horsepower.

Video: seeder for grain in operation

Planting maintenance

In order to maintain plantings in agricultural technology, the following attachments are used:

The weeding cultivator serves to loosen the soil, giving oxygen access to the roots of plants, destroy weeds and increase the beneficial effect of fertilizers that are applied under the plants using the second type of attachment from this list - the fertilizer hopper.

Some types of mini tractors allow you to use both of these attachments together, for example, the Zubr 150 or the Garden Scout T-15.

Watering and spraying

Alas, a mini tractor is not able to provide decent watering for numerous plantings, so it is better to establish, for example, a drip irrigation system on your site.

However, such a technique is quite capable of coping with spraying plants; for this purpose, there are the following attachments:

The principle of operation of both of these devices is generally the same, they differ only in the materials from which they are made. A sprayer for chemicals is capable of carrying and spraying various substances with which it is highly undesirable to treat plants at the same time as water, due to a possible chemical burn.

This is why it is recommended to keep two separate sprayers, or at least thoroughly clean the tank after the chemicals and before spraying with water. You can use this device with absolutely any mini tractor.

Harvest

After the end of all the main work, the time comes for harvesting, and here the following units will be extremely useful on the farm:

Equipment for different types of vegetables works according to the same principles, which can be mechanical, vibration or conveyor. The main difference between them is the size of the cutter for digging, and the depth to which the digging takes place. Any mini tractor is equally well suited for the use of such equipment.

Loader

In the basic configuration of absolutely any mini-tractor there is such attachments. It can be used to load and unload a variety of materials (feed, building materials, etc.).
Its initial configuration includes a bucket (the average volume is 0.5-5 cubic meters) and an arrow (allows you to raise and lower the load horizontally). Instead of a bucket, a variety of other devices can be mounted on the boom, for example, blades, crane lifts, forks, rippers and more.

This will greatly enhance the functionality and usefulness of your mechanism. The maximum weight that an average mini tractor with a capacity of 15 horsepower can lift on a loader is 1500 kilograms.

Trailer

Trailers, which are usually attached to the tailgate of your car, may differ slightly in their functionality. For example, there are tipper trailers and flatbed trailers, single-axle and multi-axle, etc.

A dump-type trailer hitch is best suited for transporting any bulk cargo, and an onboard one is more profitable for transporting packed cargo. The number of axles on a trailer is also extremely important, as it is proportional to the weight of the load that you can transport with it.
It is also important to understand that single-axle trailers have less weight and much more mobility and maneuverability than two- and three-axle trailers, which, in turn, are more stable and have a more pronounced passability. The maximum weight that an average mini-tractor on a trailer can carry is about 2000 kilograms.

How to choose attachments

When buying attachments, first of all make sure that the material from which it is made corresponds to the one declared by the seller. Carefully inspect the structure for mechanical damage and / or manufacturing defects, pay special attention to the part of the equipment that is in direct contact with the ground.

Important! It is best not to do business with individuals and non-certified sellers, especially those that sell Chinese models of attachments. It often happens that after the purchase (especially for Chinese equipment), it turns out that this unit is designed to work only with one specific model of a minitractor.

When purchasing attachments, you must clearly understand what it will be used by you for, is there a need for such an acquisition, think about whether you can do without it, estimate the benefits that you will be able to derive from owning this unit.

As for advice on choosing any specific types of attachments, first of all try to get extensions for a loader, a shovel-blade and a trailer - these three units are responsible for most of all the work that can be done on a mini-tractor. Moving on to choosing more highly specialized equipment, do not hesitate to ask more experienced farmers for opinions.

Pros and cons of homemade attachments

Of course, many owners of mini tractors are quite skillful and technically competent people, which in some cases allows them to make attachments for their machines on their own, but this method of providing themselves with such units will not always be beneficial to you.

First, here are the arguments that make the production of homemade attachments worthwhile:

• often the cost of production is cheaper than buying a ready-made device;
• you will not be limited by the factory operating parameters of the unit and the features of its basic settings;
• if the need arises, you can change the mount on your equipment and hang it on another mini tractor;
• you can always fix a broken part in the unit yourself.

Now for the negative aspects of using homemade equipment:

• during its operation, damage to the mountings and other parts of the mini tractor is possible;
• purchased attachments can sometimes be replaced under warranty, but self-made ones cannot;
• usually, the efficiency of purchased equipment is much higher than that of home-made;
• homemade equipment often breaks down more often than purchased equipment.

So, we hope that this article has answered some of your questions about additional units that can expand the functionality of the mini tractors.

Mechanization is the most important and most useful process that replaced manual labor in all civilized countries for quite some time, so do not be afraid of innovations and if you have the opportunity, then join the ranks of people who have optimized their work processes as soon as possible!

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Among other advantages of a garden tractor, it is worth noting its versatility and versatility - suitability for a wide range of works and areas of operation. These properties are guaranteed by attachments for a tractor - a set of additional tools and mechanisms that allow combining a whole complex of autonomous devices in one unit.

Varieties of attachment adapters for tractors

The modern assortment of auxiliary equipment of the tractor is unusually diverse, which makes it possible to use it in several sectors of the national economy. Among them:

I. Agriculture:

• plows;
• harrows for a tractor;
• seeders;
• potato and garlic planters and diggers;
• multi-row seeders;
• fertilizer spreaders;
• mowers;
• sprayers;
• trailer;
• cultivators;

II. Construction:

• kun on a tractor;
• motor drill;
• trencher;
• rippers;
• winch;
• loader;
• cargo trailers;

III. Utilities:

• snow shovel;
• sprinkler;
• devices for washing concrete and asphalt;
• scatterers of sand and chemical reagents for melting ice;
• rotary snow blower;
• bulldozer bucket;

IV. Logging industry:

• skidder;
• loader.

They can be bought ready-made or made by hand.

Methods for connecting attachments to a tractor

There are 3 mechanisms for aggregating a tractor with auxiliary hinges:

• linkage mechanism and coupling;
• towing devices;
• power take-off shaft (PTO).

The tractor hitch acts as a connector for lighter and smaller adapters. Modern tractors are produced with a three-point hitch. Although older models have a classic two-point linkage.

The hitch is used to aggregate a tractor with a towed or towed device. It is located in the area of \u200b\u200bthe lower links of the hitch.

By the method of connection, couplings are distinguished:

• universal;
• hydroficated;
• automatic.

Traction-coupling the mechanisms are represented by hooks equipped with shock absorbers and locking blocks.

PTO - a working unit that receives torque from the power plant and transfers it to an active attachment for tractors. According to the localization of the tractor, there are rear and front PTOs. Obsolete units that were produced without a PTO shaft can be improved with a homemade power take-off system.

Attachments for tractors are his main working tool. Depending on the type and complexity of the attachment, the tasks that the tractor can perform change. Without a normal coupling mechanism that allows the power take-off shaft torque to be transmitted and reliably connect the actuator to the hydraulic system, efficient work on the tractor is impossible.

Two main types of attachments

The equipment used on the tractor can be divided into two main groups. The main determinant of these groups is the tractor hitch mechanism, which is conventionally divided into front and buildings. Depending on whether the executive working tool is mounted in front or behind the tractor, the efficiency, efficiency, and working capabilities of the equipment change.

The front linkage system is a rigid fastening mechanism. Its design and dimensions depend on the type of agricultural equipment that is planned to be fixed to the frame. There are a lot of options for how to make a tractor attachment with your own hands in the front.

But this type of hitch has three significant disadvantages:

1. To use a plow, harrow and mechanisms similar in working use, you will need to move backwards, which is very inconvenient.
2. Serious efficient workloads are not possible in this case.
3. Sometimes it is impossible to connect and use the side PTO in an attachment.

On the other hand, for simple tasks or for attaching auxiliary equipment, the possibility of hitching work mechanisms from the front can increase the efficiency of the tractor. But still, the vast majority of agricultural machinery is attached to the rear of the tractor.

Features of the three-point linkage system

The three-point linkage for the tractor is a separate mechanical unit that is mounted on its hydraulic system at the rear of the cab. It allows you to expand the possible working options for using the tractor, as it helps to effectively use and quickly change wide-range mounted actuators. The system is a special unit that includes two longitudinal and one central link.

With the help of the central link, the working force of rotation of the power take-off shaft (PTO) is transmitted and the working angles of the executive equipment are adjusted. But this attachment to the tractor assumes the use of only those units that, during operation, move along a strictly specified trajectory with a small tolerance of oscillations to the sides. Agricultural equipment that does not meet these parameters requires its own mounting option. This can be clarified by examining the accompanying documentation that is attached to any agricultural mechanism.

The main purpose of attachments for tractors is the ability to mechanize the working process of soil cultivation.

When using units, the quality and productivity of agrotechnical measures increases, and time costs are reduced. Attachments are a whole range of different attachments designed to fulfill the tasks of the agriculture, construction industry or utilities. However, they are most often used for field work. In fact, agriculture is the industry where attachments are actively used.

Main goals

Attached equipment is used to perform various agrotechnical operations. You can highlight:

• pre-sowing and post-harvest tillage;
• sowing work, planting agricultural crops;
• fertilization, watering and spraying;
• procurement of forage, harvesting.

It works in conjunction with tractors, since the equipment itself is purely mechanical devices, not self-propelled types. The choice of a specific machine depends on the type of operation, the soil and the tractor. They can be classified not only by purpose, but also by working width, functionality.

Types and differences

In total, several groups of agricultural units can be distinguished. They differ in the types of agronomic measures. So, the group of attachments for soil treatment includes plows, harrows, cultivators, rotary tillers. The main purpose of the first type of aggregates is deep plowing and turning over of soil layers. Usually such operations are carried out after harvest. Objectives - incorporation of post-residues that turn into organic fertilizer in the soil, loosening the soil, mixing the upper horizons. Harrows are of different types. They are disc, needle, tooth. The main purposes are removal and crushing of post-residues, weeds, loosening of a small layer of soil, protection of moisture. On light clean soils, plowing is often replaced by harrowing. This allows you to reduce the load on the soil, reduce the cost of subsequent processing. The final step in any cultivation is cultivation. This is a surface tillage aimed at combating weeds, improving aeration and protecting the soil from drying out. With the help of cultivation, you can level the soil, crush large lumps.

Sowing and planting works are performed using other units - seeders. They differ into several main types depending on the purpose:

• cereals - for cereals;
• corn, beetroot - often a separate group;
• vegetable planters.

Their purpose is very clear - embedding seed material in the soil. However, seeders are also used for post-sowing treatment: fertilization for sowing, root top dressing. Such agrotechnical measures are most often demanded in relation to winter crops.

Harvesting units are the next large group of attachments. These include reapers and harvesting machines (used in relation to root crops). All of them are also divided into types and types. So, there are grain headers, legumes, corn. Modern units have a customization option. Therefore, they can be adapted to different crops by adjusting the height of the mower.

1. Main types

2. Tips for choosing

3. Disadvantages of homemade hitch

With additional equipment, a standard mini tractor becomes a multifunctional machine. Reasonably selected hitch allows:

• increase the number of operations performed;
• use the technique all year round, and not only in the summer at the height of the season;
• more likely to recoup the investment.

In the article we will talk about the types of attachments for a mini-tractor and their purpose.

A mini tractor is a good solution for farms, utilities, construction crews. Using a hinge:

• work in the field: work the land, water, plant, sow;
• making hay: mow, collect rolls, transport to storage;
• watching the site: remove snow, foliage, clean roads from ice;
• carry out preparatory work: building materials are brought up, rubble is poured, etc.

Main types

For tillage

Plow... With the help of a plow, the primary cultivation of the land is carried out with a seam turnover in the spring. In autumn, the plow loosens the soil, mixes the fertile and infertile layers. Suitable for both developed plots, virgin lands.

One-, two- and four-furrow plows are available for compact tractors. The processing width and overall productivity depend on the number of bodies.

Tillage cutter. It is used for finishing, as well as:

• loosening the soil,
• cutting beds,
• leveling the soil,
• fertilizer embedding, etc.

The cutters differ in working width, working depth.

Hiller... Serves not only for direct hilling of row crops (primarily potatoes), but also for the formation of ridges. Hillers differ in the number of working sections and are equipped with a row spacing adjustment.

Cultivator... The attachment loosens the soil, cuts weeds, processes row spacings, etc. The devices differ in the working width (up to 1.8 m) and the depth of treatment.

For planting and harvesting

Harrow... Designed for surface treatment: leveling an already plowed area and breaking the crust, clods of earth before planting. For minitractors, tooth, rotary, disc harrows are produced, which differ in the type of working body.

Potato planter... Depending on the model, the equipment is aggregated with equipment with a one-point or standard three-point linkage system. Performs all the necessary operations: prepares furrows, lays tubers, forms a ridge.

Potato digger... Conducts mechanized harvesting of potatoes and other root crops. Vibrating and conveyor diggers cut the soil layer together with the tubers, after which the crop falls on special grates or belts, where it is cleared of the soil with the help of vibration. In the process, the tubers are practically not damaged.

For mowing grass

Mower... According to the type of aggregation, there are frontal and rear-mounted mowers. By the type of cutterbar, they are segmental and rotary. Segmental are designed to work with sown grasses. They act on the principle of scissors: one part remains motionless, and the second - reciprocates. These mowers are ideal for utilities for mowing shoulders and for farmers for making hay.

More powerful rotary mowers are used for fine mowing of high-yielding field grasses. When hitting obstacles in the form of small stones and roots, the cutting blades fold in, protecting the unit from damage.

Rake-tedders... They are used for raking hay into swaths, tedding, turning over the grass in the mowing when drying. Models are available for tractors with three-point and one-point linkage systems.

For watering, spraying and fertilizing

Mounted sprayer... Suitable for simple irrigation of crops, liquid fertilizing, herbicides. It is completed with tanks of various sizes, from 50 to 400 liters. With the help of the pump, the liquid is supplied to the spray nozzles located on the boom. The models are available with different boom lengths (6-10 m). An automatic control system installed on the sprayer allows you to adjust the rate of flow of the working fluid, mix the contents of the fertilizer tank, turn on and off the booms.

Fertilizer spreader... It is used for surface application of granular and powdery fertilizers. Allows you to normalize the dosage of the mixtures used, distribute them evenly over the site.

For cargo transportation

Front loader... Designed to work both in warehouses and outdoors. Front-mounted allows the unit to be used simultaneously with other factory attachments. It is applied for:

• loading and unloading works;
• snow drift cleaning;
• transportation of bulk building materials;
• loading of trucks, trailers, etc.

The lifting capacity of a mini-tractor loader is 400-500 kg, so a counterweight is used to work with them. On some models (FP-02, FP-04), it is possible to replace the bucket with a bulldozer shovel or forks. With the simultaneous aggregation of the tractor with the forks and the mower, the hay harvesting process is noticeably simplified. There are also jaw tips.

For cleaning the territory

Communal brush... The unit installed on the mini-tractor cleans not only debris and rotten foliage, but also fresh snow of a small cover, therefore it can be used all year round. The cleaning brush is a reliable assistant for public utilities, owners of private cottages, parking lots and gas stations. The unit is used not only on the street, but also for cleaning premises. By adjusting the pneumatic wheels, the brush is set to the desired working height.

Bulldozer equipment... Cleans snow and debris from roadways, fills pits and trenches with soil, levels the site, is suitable for working with bulk building materials (gravel, sand, asphalt chips). Depending on the model, the bucket is lowered, raised and rotated hydraulically or manually.

Correctly selected equipment increases labor productivity, which means it helps to quickly return the money invested in the business. Here are some tips to consider when choosing a tractor attachment:

• Scope of planned work... In small areas and operations of the same type, the cost of a large set of attachments is not economically justified.
• Mini tractor power... On each hitch produced, the manufacturer indicates the recommended power, which must be observed. The higher the performance of the unit, the more horsepower it requires. For tractors 25-30 HP the range of hinges is higher than for less powerful ones.
• Rotation frequency... This indicator on the power take-off shaft must correspond to the speed of the gearbox on the equipment (540 rpm, 720 rpm, 1000 rpm or 2000 rpm).
• Weight... The working mass of the equipped hitch should not exceed 1/3 of the mass of the mini-tractor itself.
• Hydraulic system... The technical characteristics of the machine must match the capabilities of the tractor hydraulic system.
• Suspension system... Appropriate units are selected for tractors with a three-point hitch. Pay attention to the hitch category.