The first commandment of the Soviet motorcyclist is this: I'm not sure - don't go far, the second - always take the necessary parts with you to get home. But there are still amateurs who like the old technology, many people began to ride exactly on Soviet mopeds and motorcycles ...

The production of motorcycles in the USSR was established on a grand scale. Irbit, Izhevsk, Kovrov and Minsk became the main centers of bridge building, and the motorcycles themselves, including the imported "Java" and "Chezeta" became an integral part of the culture. Perhaps it is worth starting with a small excursion into the history of Soviet motor-building.
IZH
At the end of the 1920s, experimental motorcycles "IZH" were created, in the 30s small-scale production began, and only in the late 40s - early 50s really large-scale production was launched.


The first motorcycle models are associated with the name of the designer Peter Mozharov, but real popularity came to IZH after the war, when the documentation for the German DKW NC-350 motorcycle fell into the hands of the designers.


After a thorough modernization, the motorcycle was named IZH-49. The legendary model was equipped with a telescopic fork and hydraulic shock absorbers. The motorcycle became popular in bad roads.


Next model - IZH-56 was no less popular, but real recognition came with the appearance of IZH-Jupiter, IZH-Planeta and IZH-Planeta-sport, which were intended for tourist and sports trips. IZH-PS received a separate engine lubrication system and could accelerate to 100 km / h in 11 seconds.


In the 60s, the first motorcycles "IZH Jupiter" (two-cylinder engine) and "IZH Planeta" (single-cylinder engine) were produced. The Degtyarev Plant produces a 175 cc "Kovrovets", which later turned into "Voskhod".


The IZH motorcycle in popularity in the USSR could compete with the most famous imported vehicles. In the 70s, the plant produced up to 350,000 motorcycles per year.

Minsk

The history of the creation of "Minsk" also goes back to the DKW RT-125. The first M1A motorcycles were produced in Moscow, and in 1951 production was transferred to a bicycle plant in Minsk.


In 1956, the plant released a new M1M model with a pendulum suspension, spring shock absorbers, a short-link fork and a 5 hp engine that developed a speed of 75 km / h.
In 1961, the new M-103 appeared with hydraulic shock absorbers and a telescopic fork. Manufacturing was oriented towards the countryside, which explained the popularity of motorcycles.


Further upgrades resulted in more power and speed. For example, the MMVZ-3.111 model, released in 1973, could accelerate to 90 km / h and had a power of 9.5 hp. And MMVZ-3.112 had 12 hp.

Sunrise

Voskhod has become a cult motorcycle among young people and teenagers. He conquered with unpretentiousness, low fuel consumption, lightness and remanufacturing. The motorcycle did not have much reliability, but with its help they learned to repair the internal combustion engine.
Production of "Voskhod" was deployed after the war at the plant. Diagterev. The prototype was the German DKW RT-125 motorcycle. In 1946 the plant produced 286 K-125 motorcycles.


Since 1957, the plant began to produce completely new motorcycle "K-175" with a 175 cc engine. This motorcycle was named "Voskhod" and gave birth to a whole family.


The most popular models were "Voskhod-2", "Voskhod - 2M." The last model of "Voskhod", created in the USSR, was called M3-01. In addition, the plant produced limited editions of motorcycles for motocross, and in the 80s created several interesting developments of sports bikes.

Ural

The history of Ural motorcycles from the late 30s to 1964 was the history of a military motorcycle. Even after the motorcycle began to be sold to ordinary people, the owner of the "Ural" was obliged to register for military service, and the State Traffic Inspectorate forbade to operate the motorcycle without a sidecar.


Because of this, "Ural" has not won fame among young people. He found his niche as a heavy utility motorcycle. It was used for walks under the moon, and for transporting goods, and for trips to the taiga, and even for motorcycle tourism.
The IMZ motorcycle was equipped with a 650cc four-stroke engine and was considered reliable among Soviet motorcycles. Engine power, depending on the model, ranged from 31 to 36 hp. The maximum speed when used with a sidecar is 105 km / h.


In 1985, the two-millionth motorcycle model "M-67" rolled off the assembly line of the plant. In the 90s, the plant managed to survive. Most of the motorcycles are now exported.

Java (Jawa)

A brand of road bikes manufactured in Tinets nad Sazavou (Czechoslovakia). The USSR was the main importer of Java. In total, more than a million motorcycles of various models were delivered to the Soviet Union. In Soviet times, Jawa motorcycles were considered the best available for sale in the USSR.

One of the popular names for the Java 360 model was "Java-old woman" or simply "old woman". "Old women" with a single-cylinder engine were popularly called "checkers", because of the volume of 250 cubic centimeters.


There are several modifications that can be divided into motorcycles with 6V and 12V electrical equipment. The 6V version has a less powerful engine and a weak generator, but subjectively, motorcycles equipped with 6V equipment are more beautiful. "Jawa" are motorcycles of the same class as "Jupiter", but more pleasant to use.


The most fashionable model in the USSR was the Java-368, which was launched in 1984. The Java had a 343 cc two-stroke two-cylinder engine. and a power of 26 hp, the maximum speed of the motorcycle was 120 km / h.

"Pannonia"

The Pannonia motorcycle has become another iconic motorcycle among urban youth and motorcycle tourists.
Production of Pannonia began at the Chappel plant in Budapest in 1954. Pannonia became the first new motorcycle of the plant. The motorcycle was equipped with a single-cylinder 250 cc two-stroke engine, four-speed gearbox. New features include a closed chain drive and a duplex frame.


From 1954 to 1975, 286,959 motorcycles were delivered to the USSR.
The Pannonia 250 TLF became the most popular model. Weighing 146 kg, the motorcycle produced 18 hp, was not picky about fuel, had an 18 liter tank and a reliable electrician. In addition, the plant produced a model with a 350 cc engine and a sidecar.


The beauty and perfection of the motorcycle lines still make connoisseurs of rarities look for the surviving bikes.
In 1968, the plant released a new motorcycle model copied from the Yamaha YDS-2, but the USSR decided that the motorcycle was too complex and stopped exporting, after which the plant closed.

"Chezet"

The history of the legendary Cezet goes back to pre-war times, when the Czechoslovak arms factory Ceska Zbrojovka (CZ) decided to start producing motorcycles. In 1936, the plant produced prototypes of "Cheseta", on the basis of which motorcycles with 250 and 350 cc engines arose later.


In 1960, CZ launched Cheset motorcycles into mass production. In the USSR, CZ was waiting for an unprecedented success. Along with the Java, this motorcycle was a hit with rockers, and the black Cheset became the dream of an entire generation.


The famous crossover Cezet was born in 1962. The motorcycle was powered by a 250cc single-cylinder two-stroke engine. Ceseta's finest hour lasted until the end of the 60s. Racers from the USSR, Belgium and the GDR took part in it and won championships.

Mopeds

In Soviet times, mopeds were incredibly stylish and fashionable personal vehicles. Especially among the youth. The line for purchasing a car lasted for years, prices were biting. The motorcycle was also expensive and yet required garage storage. And a moped, like a bicycle, was often brought into the apartment.


No driving license was required to drive a moped. Mopeds in the USSR cost from 100 rubles.
The sale of mopeds was carried out in motorcycle stores, almost always by appointment. It was required to check in line for a moped every morning for a month or six months.
Mopeds were produced at the Penza Bicycle Factory (light moped ZIF), Lviv Motorcycle Plant (Verkhovyna's moped, Carpathian moped), Riga Motorcycle Plant (Riga moped, Delta moped).

Mopeds Riga-1/16

The first Soviet motorbike was produced in 1958 at the Riga Motorcycle Plant "Sarkana Zvaigzne": Riga-16.

The model was not very successful. After practice at the Czech motorcycle factory JAWA in the sixties, the serial production of the first mopeds in the USSR began - Riga-1.

Riga mopeds have been constantly modernized. In the film Adventures of Electronics, Syroezhkin cut it on a RIGA moped.
The Riga plant "Sarkana Zvaigzne" in 1966 began production of a light moped "Riga-5" with a D-5 engine with a capacity of 1.2 liters. from. The car has a very simple chassis. The mechanical brakes of the moped ensure quick braking and trouble-free driving. Brake control front wheel and the throttle is installed on the right side of the steering wheel, the clutch lever is on the left.


To brake the rear wheel, depress the pedal in the opposite direction. The trunk is located above the rear wheel and is designed for 15 kg of cargo. The front fork is telescopic. The saddle pad is made of spongy rubber.
Riga-5 has successfully passed the tests on various roads. It is a convenient means of transport for the city as well as for country roads. The capacity of the fuel tank (5.5 liters) allows you to travel quite long distances.

Light moped "Riga-7" (1969-1975)

The Riga-7 moped has been produced since 1969. By the end of 1971, it completely replaced the Riga-5 moped. Unlike the "Riga-5", it was supplied with the "D-6" engine, which made it possible to connect a headlight and a rear marker lamp to it.
Removed decorative protection drive chains... The Riga-7 moped had a special rail installed to prevent frame breakage in cases of emergency braking.


The plant workers H. Akermanis (electrician) and Yu. Bankovich (mechanic) proposed and tested, both at the stand and in practical driving conditions, a frame design with a reinforced rear suspension without a rack. The proposal was accepted, within the timeframe stipulated by the legislation, the royalties were paid, but in 1976 the Riga-7 moped was discontinued, replacing it with the Riga-11.
Light moped Riga-12 has been produced since 1974. The elegant design of the two-wheeled car was developed by the designer Gunar Gludinsh.
The moped was equipped with the simplest 2.2-horsepower 50-cc Sh-57 motor with a paper air filter. At the service of two riders - a comfortable saddle 43 cm long. The 5.5-liter fuel tank made it possible to travel about 235 km at one gas station.

The maximum speed of Riga-12 was 50 km / h. Since 1977, the "restyled" Riga-16 with a kick-starter and improved trim (pictured) began to roll off the assembly line.
Mokik "Delta" is practically a new development after the Riga series. The original frame and successful engine made this particular model a favorite for a long time.


In the new B-50 engine, the shortcomings of the previous models were taken into account, the clutch was strengthened, the gearbox shafts began to rotate in the bearings, and the foot-shift that appeared in the B-501 engine aroused admiration among buyers for a long time.

"Carpathians"

It was produced at the Lviv Motor Plant, has a 50 cc engine, and, as a result, you can drive it without driving license cat. A.


The engine is low power, but great for kids and learning the technical side. Analogs - "Verkhovyna" and "Delta".

Mini-mokik "Mini"

In 1983, the Riga plant "Sarkana Zvaigzne" opened a new class on 10-inch wheels - mini-mokiki. The first model was named "Mini", it had adjustable steering wheel and seat height.
At first there was no rear suspension, then a couple of shock absorbers were installed. The mokik weighed only 50 kg and with the steering wheel folded went into the trunk of the car.

Mini-mokick "Stella"

One of the most stylish and advanced serial "fifty kopecks" since the USSR. Produced from the late 80s to the mid 90s. Mokik was equipped with both the domestic V-501M engine (with foot shift) of the Shauliai Bicycle and Motor Plant “Vairas”, and various imported units: Czechoslovakian Jawa, French Peugeot and Polish Dezamet.
In the photo, next to a girl in a swimsuit, a modification of Stella Babetta with a Jawa motor is shown, distinctive feature which was the horizontal arrangement of the cylinder.

Moped Riga-19C

The Riga-19S road-ring micromotorcycle was produced in a small edition in 1982. Despite its modest size and low weight (just over 60 kg), it was a full-fledged racing car.
The sports moped was equipped with a highly accelerated 50 cc 2-stroke water-cooled motor SHK-50 with an incredible power of 17 hp. That is, the liter output of such an installation reached 340 hp. per liter of working volume!
The engine was paired with a 6-speed gearbox. Thanks to the massive aerodynamic fairing, the Riga-19C easily reached speeds of over 100 km / h.

A motorcycle is a very popular and even "romantic" vehicle. Today many powerful bikes are produced with interesting designs. However, they all go to the "classics" of the second half of the XX century. We have collected several such "legends" in our review.

1.1936 Harley-Davidson EL

At the time of its creation in 1936, the Harley-Davidson EL was one of the most powerful motorcycles in existence. Its technical excellence lies in the fact that it is the first motorcycle in the history of the automotive industry to use a V-engine with overhead valves. Subsequently, the standard set by EL began to be actively used, both in the entire series and by other manufacturers.

2. Triumph T120 Bonneville

Today the Triumph T120 Bonneville is considered one of the "classic" motorcycles. Launched on the market in the early 60s of the last century, this unit remained “relevant” until the more advanced and affordable Japanese motorcycles began to fill the market in the 80s. However, it was decided to revive the Triumph Bonneville line in the early 00s.

3. Honda CB750

At one time, the Honda CB750 was a real revolution, ending the use of two-cylinder motorcycles. Despite the fact that the "Japanese" was quite exotic in technical terms, it was very easy to manufacture and operate it, which allowed the CB750 to gain a foothold in the market for a long time.

4. Honda CT70

This motorcycle is remembered for its small size. It was so small that children could ride it. Despite its somewhat strange appearance, the Honda CT70 was a very popular vehicle. This motorcycle was on the market until 1994. Over 100 thousand of them were sold for the entire time. At the same time, the first model was rolled off the assembly line back in 1970.

5. Honda GL1000 Gold Wing

Speaking of "classics", one cannot but recall such a motorcycle as the Honda GL1000 Gold Wing. At the time of 1975, he managed to set a qualitatively new standard for power. In technical terms, the motorcycle stood out with a new liquid cooling system. Subsequently, this motorcycle has been repeatedly upgraded.

6. Harley-Davidson Low Rider

Far 1977 and the Harley-Davidson Low Rider. A single large muffler, a sinuous manifold, wrinkled leather design, large-diameter aluminum alloy wheels - this and much more was presented to the family by the Harley-Davidson Low Rider, which today can rightfully be considered one of the most attractive "classic" models in the family.

7. BMW R 80 G / S

Not the sexiest, but at the same time one of the most famous "oldies" - BMW R 80 G / S. The motorcycle is "tourist", and therefore is equally well suited both for off-road driving and for driving along narrow city lanes. It was created in 1981.

8. KAWASAKI ZX900 NINJA

The KAWASAKI ZX900 NINJA motorcycle had a very unusual design for its time. Released in 1984, it was able to become one of the most powerful sports bikes. An interesting solution in the first models was the use of a plastic body. In the next three years after its release, it also held the title of the fastest motorcycle in the world.

9. SUZUKI GSX-R 750

The SUZUKI GSX-R 750 racing bike is a true legend. Launched in 1985, it was the first motorcycle for the company to fully comply with the American Motorcycle Association's rules. This in turn made it possible to use it in competitions of various levels.

It will be interesting to find out about who can swim.

Most Popular Motorcycle Models Made in Great Britain in the 50s of the Last Century

PartVI

ACE motorcycles of the fifties

In the 1950s, British industry produced an average of 135,000 two-wheelers. More than 20 brands of domestic motorcycle companies, some of which were part of the conglomerate. One such group was Associated Motor Cycles (AMC), based in London. Another important player was the large BSA Group in the West Midlands.

Production in 1959 reached an all-time high of 234,300 vehicles. In the same year, the total number of motorcycles, mopeds, scooters, sidecars and motonart on the roads of Great Britain approached 1,750,000 units. Government elections in the 59th year contributed to the adoption of laws to reduce taxes, which in turn led to lower prices for rent and purchase of vehicles. And above all, it was an exceptionally long and dry summer.

The advent of affordable vehicles has spurred consumer demand to a large extent. During 1959 BritishMotorCorporation (BMC) launched four-wheel novelties on the marketMorrisMini- MinorandAustinSeven... Affordable, roomy enough for its size, and still very fashionable by the standards of its time, MINI from the very beginning began to take away potential customers from two-wheeled vehicles. At this point, the prerequisites were laid for a decline in demand for motorcycles in the future.

AJS, Matchless "Ajay"and "Matchbox"

The two brands formed the Associated Motor Cycles (AMC) holding, formed in 1937. Unified models, differing in color and emblems, were produced under the two brands AJS and Matchless. Sales were negatively impacted by AMC's refusal to provide the press with motorcycles for road tests.

Following the example of the Triumph, starting in 1949, models with two-cylinder engines remained in the production line. Single-cylinder machines were intended for export deliveries. The 500cc AJS Model 20 Spring Twin and Matchless G9 Super Clubman models were equipped with a swing-arm rear suspension and padded seats for comfortable travel. The main difference between the engines and the rest of the British twins was the presence of an additional bearing in the middle of the crankshaft. The middle bearing created another support that prevented the shaft from bending at high rpm.

Between 1956 and 1958, the large 600cc twin AJS Model 30 and Matchless G11 were produced. There were several light sport versions of the CS (Competition Spring frame) model and its road version of the CSR, but these were mainly exported. For the first time ever, a G11 CS road bike with a two-cylinder engine has passed an unusual test. Experts from the Motor Cycle magazine drove it along the sports track at a speed of 160 km / h for one hour. In 1958, the manufacturer announced the permissibility of operating motorcycles with 650cc Model 31 and G12 engines at a speed of 160 km / h. Practice has shown that crankshafts in engines with increased displacement do not withstand long-term operation. Motors with a massive generator rotor at the end of the shaft are especially prone to breakdowns.

In the late 40s and early 50s, the single-cylinder 350-cc Matchless G3L, supplied in large numbers from 1941 to 1942 in the army, received the general name ACE (ace). The G3L preceded the later AJS and Matchless cars with 350 and 500 cubic centimeters engines, which were very pleasant and fast enough to drive, but it was unrealistic to perform a "ton" on them.

AMC contributed to the production of a large number of "quarters" in 1958. During this period, the singles AJS Model 14 and Matchless G2 were released. The mass of one car was 148 kg. and she was capable of accelerating to 110 km / h!

Ariel

The most famous product of the Birmingham plant, which has been part of the BSA Group since 1944, is the liter 4G Square Four. The name comes from the unusual square arrangement of two rows of cylinders. Over the years, the parallel twin tandem remained the only 4-cylinder motorcycle made in the UK. The smooth shapes of the silhouette of the device served as an outward expression of the smooth and calm character of the motorcycle. It was not for nothing that he enjoyed constant popularity among wheelchair users. The throttle response is one of the amazing engine abilities. Without a sidecar, a motorcycle in the highest fourth gear could easily accelerate from a speed of 16 km / h.

Like everyone else in the UK, Ariel had an initial volume of 200 cubic centimeters. Heavy "six hundred" were intended for use with a side carriage. The gap was filled with 350 and 500 cubic centimeters. The latter were the most popular among the "cafe raisers".

The most unusual British motorcycle Ariel Leader 250cc appeared in 1958. A steel fairing with a fuel tank inside completely covered the driver's legs and the engine body. Above the top of the fairing rose windshield decent size. Tires with "whitewalls" were installed on the motorcycle, as on the fashionable cars of the 50s.

At that time, the new concept went to meet the idea of \u200b\u200bcreating a motorcycle for every day, which was at odds with the approach to developing motorcycles for pleasure. Young riders needed semi-finished products to build their own perfect car, the majority of ordinary consumers wanted to get inexpensive and reliable motorcycles... Many city racers looked at scooters and bonded motorcycles with contempt, calling the drivers of such vehicles "scooters" and "mama's sons".

The "Leader" did not have dizzying acceleration, but it handled well, kept the road well, however, it braked poorly and emitted a lot of smoke from its two-stroke engine.

BSA

Founded in the 19th century as a weapons manufacturing company, the company has grown to become one of the largest motorcycle manufacturers. During the Second World War, the BSA plant produced hundreds of thousands of weapons and motorcycles. In 1948 BSA produced 50,000 motorcycles, many of which were exported.

In 1946, the new A7 Star Twin 500cc was born with a parallel twin, similar in design to the pre-war Triumph 5T Speed \u200b\u200bTwin, 1938. From 1951 to 1961, a sports version of the A7SS Shooting Star motorcycle was produced, capable of accelerating over 145 km / h.

BSA has developed a range of 650cc parallel-cylinder motorcycles especially for export deliveries. The A10 Golden Flash hit the market in 1951, a reliable and versatile sidecar motorcycle. In the mid-50s, he got a rear pendulum suspension. Especially for speed lovers, the Road Rocket (maximum speed 170 km / h) went into series in 1955. Production of this model ended with the introduction of the Super Rocket in 1958. The last model was produced from 1958 to 1961.

The "cafe" elite included BSA Gold Star. Upper-shaft, airy singles made of light-alloy materials with a volume of 350 and 500 cubes were produced in small quantities especially for connoisseurs of weekend rides. The emerging demand for the Clubmans TT and Thruxton Nine Hour street racers pushed BSA to push ahead with the development and production of the Clubmans Goldie in 1956. This uncompromising "street hooligan" accelerated in second gear to 140 km / h. As expensive as anything new, with a difficult engine start, noisy as Jericho Trumpets, Goldie was the perfect vehicle for a ton until the DBD34 500 appeared. The maximum speed in the DB32 350cc version is very close to 160 km / h.

The manufacturer did not forget about ordinary citizens moving at a low speed. Motorcycles for beginners and rides with a passenger with an engine capacity of 250, 320 and 500 cubic centimeters appeared on the conveyor. Thousands of drivers have learned about the Bantam, a 125cc replica of the German DKW RT125. This two-stroke was produced in several versions with a volume of 150 and 175 cubic centimeters. Big bike devotees despised the small, smoky and smelly Beesa Bantam, but that didn't stop him from finding refuge in half a million homes in the UK and abroad.

Douglas "Duggie"

The Bristol brand in the fifties specialized in the production of two-cylinder, 350-cc boxer cars. The Douglas Plus 90, built from 1950 to 1954, lived up to its “fast” name. The Douglas Plus was fitted with a torsion bar suspension. In 1955, it was replaced by the unusual-looking tourist Dragonfly, capable of accelerating to 113 km / h. But after three years of unsuccessful sales, the plant switched to licensed production of the Italian Vespa.

Norton

The popularity of the "Nortons" is associated with the sporting success that they managed to achieve in the period from the early 30s to the mid 50s. The brand was founded in 1902 by enthusiast James Norton, who by 1912 ran out of money to develop the company. The collapse was avoided thanks to the automaker RT Shelley.

The most popular motorcycles at the Birmingham plant in the middle of the last century were the Dominator parallel twin roadsters, popularly known as the Dommies. The firstborn in 1949 was the Model 7 500cc with a top speed of 160 km / h. The Dominator 88 followed him from the factory stocks in 1952. A feature of the sports "Eighty-eighth" was a lightweight frame, the model was offered for sports teams. The Featherbed frame was mainly exported. Good handling and stable directional stability of the model had a positive effect on the overall brand reputation. Introduced in 1956, the Dominator 99 with a 600 cc engine raised the top speed bar to 160 km / h.

A rare pre-war sports Norton International with overhead, single-cylinder power plants with a volume of 350 and 500 cubic meters, received new life... Especially for Inter, they developed their own version of the Featherbed frame, which was used for the last five years of production until 1958. With the mufflers removed, "International" squeezed out "a ton", but heavy loads led to oil leakage from the engine.

Conglomerate AMC acquired Norton in 1952. Single-cylinder Model 50 350cc and touring ES2 500cc appeared in the lineup. Together with them, in 1958, entry-level two-cylinder motorcycles were born with a 250 cc engine. But Jubilee, with its top 113 km / h, has never been in the same league as the Dominators.

Panther

P&M, headquartered in Yorkshire, is known for its 600cc and 650cc single-cylinder Panthers. "Partners" with strollers were especially popular among traders. Starting the low-speed engine was not easy. Therefore, there was even a common joke about it: "It's easier to start a telegraph pole!" Less well-known models are considered "Panthers" with two-stroke single-cylinder engines of 200 and 250 cubes.

RoyalEnfield

Despite their advanced technology, Anfield has never been as popular as AMC, BSA, Norton and Triumph. The motorcycles were assembled in Redditch, Worcestershire, and the name was taken from the old Royal Small Arms Factory in Anfield, Worcestershire. The company, whose slogan is Made like a Gun goes like a bullet (Assembled like a weapon, rides like a bullet), constantly conducted resource tests of its equipment during long international travels. The main models were the single-cylinder Bullet 350 and 500 cubic centimeters, intended for tourism. The company's engineers paid special attention to the development of two-cylinder motorcycles, traditional for the British. In 1948, a rear pendulum suspension appeared on the "five hundred".

By the mid-fifties, large two-cylinder Meteor 700cc motorcycles (maximum speed 153 km / h) were released, and then Super Meteor with a maximum speed of 180 km / h. Between 1958 and 1962, the Constellation 700cc twin-carburetor was produced. The two-cylinder engines were assembled in an underground factory previously used as a secret military facility in Bradford-upon-Avon, Wiltshire.

In Madras, India (now Chennai), a plant was built for the production of a 350-cc "Bullet" and a 175-cc two-stroke under license. The Indian facility is currently producing older, four-stroke Bullet models. The surviving plant is part of the large industrial group Eicher.

Sunbeam ‘Beam’

Produced under the BSA brand. They reached their apogee in the 20s of the last century. The majestic Sunbeam S7 and the Sunbeam S8 that followed, were two-cylinder touring "five hundred" with puffy tires. The motorcycles were not commercially successful, production of the C8 ceased in 1958.

Triumph ‘ Trumpet’

The BSA Group holding acquired Triumph in 1951. However, the "Triumf" cars produced at the Meridenes plant, located near Coventry, retained their individuality. Most of them used a two-cylinder parallel twin, designed by Edward Turner and first installed in 1938 on the Speed \u200b\u200bTwin. Under Turner's guidance, the company focused on manufacturing products for the American market. The challenge of capturing America's rich market required the development of powerful, stylish, yet inexpensive motorcycles. The first models sold were popular for their speed. However, the machines that appeared in the 40s and 50s did not fully satisfy the requirements of consumers. Triumph did not have racing teams that were so necessary for testing new technical solutions.

The sports version of the "Tiger 100" with a 500 cc engine, called the Speed \u200b\u200bTwin, was reissued after the war. Its declared top speed was 160 km / h. In 1951, a model with a lightweight aluminum alloy engine entered the market. A special motorcycle tuning kit is available for sale at dealerships, designed for American fans to ride on weekends "with a breeze."

American companies sold motorcycles with an engine capacity of 1,200 cubic centimeters, the British "five hundred" looked small against their background. Especially for the Americans, Turner developed a 650cc motorcycle called the Thunderbird. The new model developed a top speed of 160 km / h. Sales jumped up. Overseas racers began to take Triumph seriously.

The handling of the motorcycle improved with the introduction of the pendulum suspension in 1954. The next model was named Tiger 110 650cc. Motor Cycling magazine reported reaching the 190 km / h mark, however, with specially installed sports camshafts... Fans of speed have appreciated the powerful picks and loud sound of the agile Top Ten.

In 1956, a landmark event for the Triumph took place on the Bonneville Salt Lake, Utah, a sports projectile with a 650cc Thunderbird engine was able to reach a speed of 345 km / h. Triumph products received wide publicity. In the 59th there was a confusion in the names, "T110" began to be called Bonneville with the "T120" index, indicating the maximum speed. The Triumph Bonnie went down in history as the most famous "road igniter".

Produced from 1957 to 1966, the Triumph Twenty One 350cc became a milestone in motorcycle production - for the first time the gearbox was in the same block with the engine. But the model's popularity was negatively affected by the form of metal protection from dirt, called "bath" or "skirt". An unsportsmanlike looking motorcycle could accelerate to 120 km / h. The Tiger 100A 600cc was produced from 1959 to 1961.

Velocette "Velo"

A progressive and successful racing production plant in the 1930s, Veloce Ltd. was located in Birmingham. After the war, Velossete developed a "motorcycle for everyone". Smooth and almost silent LE twin with guards and footrests, with a difficult engine start, has gained popularity among city police and in countries with low speeds.

The black-painted post-war Velocettes were considered sedate bikes, with the exception of the Viper 350cc and Venom 500cc, introduced in the mid-1950s.

Vincent ‘Vin orVinny’

The motorcycles, assembled in small batches at Vincent HRD's Stevenage plant, had a strong charisma. The company began its work under the leadership of Philip Vincent, who began his career under the direction of Austrian engineer Phil Irving, who designed products for exploration riders. Too expensive for the average user, Vincent stood out from the crowd. Post-war line of V-shaped motorcycles, liter engines, began with the Rapide Series B. The main features of these machines were cast aluminum engines and a gearbox interlocked with the engine in a common housing. The factory engineers did not use a conventional tubular frame; the cornerstone of the entire structure was the power plant, which acted as a support for the entire chassis. The cantilever rear suspension was the forerunner of the monoshock system that became widespread in the 70s. But the Girdraulic front fork looked archaic next to the new front telescopes.

With the exception of some export cars, black was considered the corporate color. Produced between 1948 and 1955, the Black Shadow was painted completely black, including the engine. The cruising speed of the Shadow was 145-160 km / h, the maximum speed was 201 km / h! With the exception of a few racing cars from the time, nothing could compare to the Black Shadow.

"Vincents" differed in their driving qualities. The downsized motorcycles were obedient and economical machines, but their disadvantage was the passenger seat, mercilessly tormenting the rear fulcrum of the passenger on the bumps.

Born in 55, the Black Prince had a fixed seat and moldings throughout the body, windshield and protection of feet from precipitation. With a gloomy appearance, he was selected as a police vehicle, and also took part in the filming of the movie based on the novel by George Orwell in 1984. "Cafe racers" did not appreciate this model at its true worth, recognition came to it after 10 years.

Vincent went bankrupt in 1955, but Black Shadow never lost its sacred status. The whimsical design of the large V-twin has been called "engineered for engineers." The company produced single-cylinder "five hundred" cars that developed 145 km / h, and this during the period of craze for parallel two-cylinder motorcycles.

In the 50s, two-stroke 250 cc British two-wheeled cars became widespread. This class includes those built by Francis-Barnett or James, plus Cotton, DMW, Dot, Excelsior, Norman and Sun. Italian cars were imported in small quantities, but due to the high cost they did not receive wide distribution.

Highway of youth

On December 5, 1958, British Prime Minister Harold Macmillan drove 13.5 km. on a section of the UK's first Preston Bypass Freeway, marking its opening to traffic. Later, this road became part of the M6.

Construction of high-speed Highways were slated to begin in the 1930s, when Germany began building highways, Italy was building highways, and highways were being built in the United States.

The first planned 108 km section of the M1, which became part of the London-Yorkshire motorway, passing between Berrigrove (Jackson 5) near Busy Bee Cafe, located near Watford in Northamptonshire, opened in 1959.

In accordance with the rules that existed at that time, the maximum permissible speed was considered to be 115 km / h, but on new highways the maximum speed was not limited. According to contemporaries, when Transport Minister Ernest Marples saw cars rushing along the M1 at high speed, he exclaimed: “Oh God! What have I done?"

The new M1 highway was ideal not only for motorcyclists who decided to complete the "ton", but also for racing races between sports bikes and cars. Motorcycle factories in the Midlands, such as Triumph and Norton, have decided to use the M1 to demonstrate the speed capabilities of their two-wheeled vehicles and evaluate new tires.

The construction of the road north to Leeds proceeded in stages. In parallel with this, the construction of the southern end of the highway was underway. In May 1967, the M1 was connected to the Great Northern Road in the Mill Hill area, which is about 8 kilometers from ACE CAFE. True, by that time, for several months, national legislation limited the speed of 115 km / h on highways and two-way roads.

Translation by Igor Kuzin

Motorcycles for the citizens of the USSR played a very important role. Often, they were the only way to gain freedom of movement. They went to work, on vacation to the sea, met children from the hospital and drove girls in the villages.

Modern bikers have switched to foreign-made sports bikes or choppers and are completely unaware of the history of domestic motor vehicles. We decided that it was time to stop for a couple of minutes and recall the 10 most popular, most beloved and most popular motorcycles from the distant USSR.

1. L-300 "Red October". The very first.

The very first serial Soviet motorcycle was the L-300 "Red October".
the first motorcycle of the USSR
At the beginning of 1930, Leningrad designers prepared its drawings, inspired by the most reliable bike of that time - the German DKW Luxus 300. And in the fall of the same year, the first batch of L-300 was ready.
The motorcycle was produced until 1938, and then no less legendary IZH-8 was created on its basis. This "descendant" of the L-300 even got on the silver coins ... of New Zealand.
By the way, the name IZH-7 was borne by the same L-300, which, in parallel with the Leningrad enterprise "Krasny Oktyabr", was produced in Izhevsk.

2. M-72. The most fighting

The M-72 was not the first army motorcycle in the USSR. In 1934, the assembly of the first Soviet heavy model PMZ-A-750 began, and in 1939 - the "backup" of the British BSA and, as it is believed, the best pre-war motorcycle in the Union TiZ-AM-600.

However, it was the M-72, the design of which was "spied" from the German BMW R71 (the Wehrmacht was equipped with them), which came out in the tragic 1941 year, and were produced throughout the war. And then they also seriously served the people for civilian purposes - the last copies left the assembly line as early as 1960.
From 1941 to 1945, the M-72 carried fighters armed with anti-tank missile systems, machine guns or light mortars. From the first post-war years - and long after that - these motorcycles became the main police transport. And since 1954, ordinary Soviet citizens could buy them for their own needs.
“Descendants” of M-72 at the beginning of the “2000s” were ordered by the Republican Guard of Saddam Hussein. But she did not have time to use it - and combat motorcycles "went to the people." At the request of customers, Iraqi auto repair shops put additional "active and passive protection" on the Urals - armor and a machine gun.

3. "Minsk M1A". First Belarusian

To this day, the most “popular” motorcycle in Belarus is the “Minskachi”. They run along the roads of the entire former Soviet Union, and not only. But most of them, of course, are at home.

The half-century anniversary of the motorcycles "Minsk" skipped over a long time ago (the first models already deserve the name "vintage"), and very soon, on July 12, they will celebrate their 61st birthday.
The first Belarusian "bike" was Minsk M1A, which had many "relatives" not only in the USSR, but also abroad. The "ancestor" of the motorcycle was developed in 1939 by the Germans. The DKW RT125 was so successful that under different names the analogs of this motorcycle were produced in 7 countries of the world, including the USA, England and Japan.
By the way, one of the old "Minskers" in harsh conditions was tested by one of the hosts of the famous British show Top Gear Richard Hammond. He drove almost all of Vietnam from south to north on it. The summary of the charismatic “auto-maniac”: “This is the AK-47 among motorcycles - reliable, simple, easy to repair. It is specially made for those countries where there are no roads. "

4. IZH Planet Sport. The fastest and most technologically advanced.

In 1973, the Izhevsk Motorcycle Plant surprised the whole country by showing the first Soviet motorcycle with a sports bias, Planet Sport. Unlike all earlier motorcycles, which were modeled after german modelsPlanet Sport was clearly trying to be like Japanese motorcycles from the 60s and 70s.

Due to its high quality workmanship, IZH Planet Sport has been actively sold in export markets, for example, in the UK, the Netherlands and Finland. Soviet bikers accelerated them to 140 km / h, which was an incredible speed in those days.

5. Sunrise. The most rustic.

Motorcycles "Voskhod" began to be produced in the city of Kovrov, Vladimir region, in 1957. These were very unpretentious single-cylinder motorcycles (173.7 cm3 engine). The plant named after Dyagterev constantly improved this model, launching it on the market after Voskhod upgraded versions Voskhod-2, Voskhod-3, Voskhod-3M. The last Voskhod motorcycle was the 3M-01 model with a 15 hp engine.

Due to their reliability, the Voskhod motorcycles have become real toilers in thousands of Soviet villages. Even now, you can easily find a Voskhod motorcycle there in good condition.

6.M-62. The choice of the police.

The Soviet militia, fair and incorruptible, in the 50s-60s mainly moved on motorcycles with a sidecar. The M-62, produced by the Irbit Motorcycle Plant, was the most popular choice of servants of the law. Its four-stroke engine produced 28 hp.

An interesting fact is that ordinary citizens of the USSR were not allowed to operate the Urals without a wheelchair at that time. Still, these bikes were pretty heavy to handle. But the police used motorcycles without wheelchairs, which looked very cool in the eyes of Soviet boys. How can you not want to become a policeman!

7. Tula-200. For hunters and fishermen.

The Soviet motorcycle industry did not produce ATVs (some small-scale models, however, were still produced, read below), but for the needs of hunters and fishermen a very unusual motorcycle Tula-200 with wide off-road wheels was produced. The mass distribution of such motorcycles fell on 1986-1988.

The engine was taken from the Tulitsa scooter, increasing its power to 13 hp. This made it possible to accelerate at 200ke to 90 km / h. 10-12 thousand of these bikes were produced per year, the last of which left the assembly line of the plant in 1996. By the way, even a trike was produced on the basis of Tula-200!

8. IZH-49. The most tenacious.

Reliable, tenacious, beautiful. The sound of its engine to the ear of a Soviet person was akin to the sound of a Harley-Davidson engine to Americans. Their release began in 1951. Basically, it was an improved design of the German motorcycle DKW NZ 350. IZH-49 won great love of the population and were used in all corners of the vast Soviet Union.

On its basis, they produced versions with a sidecar, as well as sports motorcycles for cross and road races. Now IZH-49 are collectible items. Prices for them start at 100 thousand rubles.

9. М-1А "Moscow". First post-war.

After the war, the Moscow Bicycle Plant mastered the production of a copy of the German DKW RT125 motorcycle with a 125 cc engine. M-1A "Moscow" became the first post-war motorcycle of the USSR. It was a simple and lightweight motorcycle that did not require much metal and rubber to produce.

Such motorcycles were used in huge numbers to train motorcyclists in DOSAAF schools. Perhaps your grandfather studied just like this. In 1951, production was transferred to Minsk to a bicycle factory built there. An almost identical model was produced in Kovrov under the designation K-125.

10. Jawa 360. The most beautiful.

In the 70s, every third motorcyclist rode in Java. In total, more than 1 million Jawa motorcycles of various models were delivered to the USSR, but the 360 \u200b\u200bwas the most beautiful of all. Now cherry motorcycles with chrome gas tanks are called "Old Woman". Especially valuable are specimens with a side carriage made of fiberglass. They produced versions with a 1-cylinder engine (250/260) or with a 2-cylinder (350/360).

By the way, Java has often appeared in various films. For example, it is on Jawa 360 that Gesha Kozodoev is taking Semyon Semenovich Gorbunkov on a fishing trip to White Rock in the film The Diamond Hand.
11. IZH Planet. The founder of the series.

In 1962, the Izhevsk Motorcycle Plant launched the production of a fundamentally new model for itself Izh Planet. It was the first generation of these motorcycles that set the vector for the development of the whole family, which was produced until 2008 (IZH Planet 7).

12. Jawa 350/638. Motorcycle of the roaring 90s.

The last of the "Java" sold in the USSR, 638, also became a "people's" motorcycle. Having emerged just before perestroika, in 1984, this model often appeared in the harsh films of the late 1980s and early 1990s. So "Java 350 638" can be seen in the drama "Crash - the daughter of a cop" and the action movie "Rats, or the Night Mafia". The motorcycle is even dedicated to the song "Java" by the popular group "Gas Sector" in those years.

13. Vyatka VP-150. Italian elegance.

The last one in our review is not a motorcycle at all, but a scooter. Vyatka VP-150, the prototype of which was the Italian Vespa scooter, is rightfully considered the most elegant two-wheeled vehicle in the USSR.

It was a quiet and very comfortable scooter that even women could drive with ease. On the basis of Vyatka, they made a whole range of three-wheeled scooters with various bodies, which were actively used in urban cargo transportation.

Mopeds at the Riga plant "Sarkana Zvaigzne" began to produce back in 1958. Many boys dreamed that their parents would give them a moped for their birthday. So they did, so mopeds, and especially Riga-13, became the first means of transport for many.

Riga-13 began production in 1983. Equipped with a 1.3 hp engine, it accelerated to just 40 km / h. For starting and driving uphill, the “biker” was advised to help the engine by rotating the pedals. Riga-13 was produced until 1998, becoming the most mass model factory.

15. "Ant". A truck for everyone.

On the basis of the Tula scooters, the Tula Machine-Building Plant produced a huge number of three-wheeled cargo scooters Muravei. This was a breakthrough for the Soviet Union, because the sale of vans and station wagons to citizens of the USSR was prohibited. So these scooters were almost the only way to transport small consignments of goods.

TMZ has produced a huge number of such scooters. They were equipped with side platforms, dump bodies, vans and even tanks. They are still popular now.

Surprisingly, in our country, despite the complete absence of roads in some places, ATVs have never been mass produced. Almost the only more or less serial copy was the ZID-175 4ShP, produced at the Dyagterev Plant.

The design was not very successful: a weak engine, complex transmission elements. This is probably why such ATVs were not widely used.

For some, a motorcycle is an extension of their own ego, for others - their own parts of the body. Owning a two-wheeled vehicle is a kind of realization of the dream of learning to fly. But sooner or later, most of them rot in the landfill or live out their last days at the showdown. And only a few models go down in history and become true sources of inspiration. I propose to the readers of the TOP-10 bikes, which, in one way or another, influenced the course of events in the history of two-wheeled transport.

BROUGH SUPERIOR SS80

Start of production: 1924

Country: UK

“The fastest, highest quality and obscenely expensive motorcycle of its time. For such a balance of qualities, the Briton takes the last line of our celebrity parade. ”

Legendary motorcycle brand Brough Superior was founded by a young entrepreneur George Brough (George brough) in 1919. She was distinguished by speed performance and luxury, while from other manufacturers one could not expect either one or the other. For its chic finish, build quality and high price tag BroughSuperior called " Rolls-Royce " among motorcycles. It cost £ 170 when most people earn £ 3 a week. By comparison, a decent house at the time was priced at £ 130-180. With a 2-cylinder 1000 cm / 3 engine, it produced 25 hp. At one time, this bike was incredibly fast and with some skill it could be accelerated over 160 km / h.

George could not help but use the enormous potential of his cars without taking part in the races. Therefore, he exhibited them in almost all the most possible and impossible competitions. As a result, motorcycles BroughSuperior have collected a whole collection of various victories and records on race tracks. The company existed until the outbreak of World War II in 1939.

Over the years, about 3 thousand motorcycles were produced Brough Superior... Today they are among the most sought after by collectors. At one of the British auctions motorcycle BroughSuperior 1929 release was sold for a record $ 454 thousand.

JAWA 250/350

Start of production: 1970

Country: Czechoslovakia

“Affordable, simple and insanely popular. Designed for countries where there are no roads. Deserved place in the TOP. "

In the 70s and 80s motorcycle Jawa personified the dream of a Soviet person about steepness and masculinity. But his path to fame was thorny and long. The history of the company goes back to 1929. The first model was quite complex, expensive and was not in demand. Everything changed when the plant mastered the production of a simple two-stroke single-cylinder engine with a volume of 175 cm / 3. Sales went up and the bike became more popular day by day. And in 1946 new model "Me you 250 "made a splash with its softness, winning the gold medal at the Paris exhibition.

Motorcycles "Java" performed successfully in sports, in particular in motocross and six-day enduro competitions. In the 60s and 70s Java from four-stroke engines were some of the world's finest speedway motorcycles. Models 250 and 350 were the last to be sold in the former USSR.

The total number of copies sold already in the 80s exceeded 3 million units. But the title of "people's" belongs to him not only for the impressive circulation. Same "Java"often became the hero of Soviet films. A real Czechoslovak macho!"

HONDACB750

Start of production: 1969

Country: Japan

“Set new quality standards and rocked the market. An indecently reliable and boring bike, so only 8th in the ranking. "

The same year that the first man set foot on the moon, the world's first superbike appears Honda CB750. Like the famous astronaut Armstrong, "Honda"also ahead of the time and swept away all competitors from its path. The main advantage was the simplicity and reliability of the design, which allows you to spend minimal money on maintenance. For the first time, a motorcycle so viable and reliable, which could travel 150t high. km without malfunctions. The use of serial disc brakes was a revolutionary decision and wiped out the nose of British competitors, because before that disc brakes were only in aircraft, and the four-cylinder in-line engine was installed mainly on cars. And here is some kind of Honda ...

It was a breakthrough. The motor was perfectly balanced. Previously, in higher gears, you had to put up with vibration and oil leakage, but now everything has changed! Today, the number of produced copies of one of the most significant motorcycles of the 1970s has long exceeded hundreds of thousands. But later, spoiled bikers are the main advantage. "HondaCB 750" turned into her own disadvantage.

Smooth operation annoyed sophisticated motorcyclists and they increasingly began to stare at competitors. They began to miss the English, Italian and American emotions. It was too precise, correct, but, alas, a boring motorcycle.

MOTO GUZZI V8

Start of production: 1955

Country: Italy

“Its technology was ahead of its time, becoming the antonym of reliability. For the "raw" filling - 7th line. "

In 1955, technology emerged in Italy that shocked motorsport. It was the same as reaching the stars with your hand. The Italians managed to spread only 500 cubes of volume into 8 cylinders and, moreover, to fit all this into undercarriage motorcycle, which was a kind of combination of genius and madness. The size of the engine parts turned out to be so small that their safety margin was at the limit. Disassembled, the motor resembled a wristwatch. Each cylinder had its own carburetor. All this was synchronized and worked, which to this day surprises everyone who understands the internal combustion engine.

But, alas, the result turned out to be naturally unstable. Motorcycles either showed the best lap times or dropped out of the race for technical reasons. As a result, the project turned out to be too expensive and after 3 years it was closed. Moto Guzzi V8 remained the most exotic racing motorcycle in history, too ahead of its time.

Its water-cooled V-8 engine with DOHC valve timing has become, on the one hand, a true masterpiece of engineering, and on the other - a victim of imperfect technologies of the time. MotoGuzzi V8 was worth one million lire, which is equivalent to about $ 55 thousand today.

MTTY2 K

Start of production: 2000

Country: USA

“If you ride a motorcycle and are still alive, then it was notY2 K... A dangerous and useless bike. 6th place for courage. "

American motorcycle company Marine Turbine Technologies entered in the Guinness Book of Records as the most powerful and expensive production motorcycle in the world. Unofficially, it is recognized as the most dangerous and controversial of the existing ones. Its meaning is to ride to the fullest. Y2 K equipped with a helicopter gas turbine engine of the company Rolls-Roycethat runs on diesel fuel, kerosene, gasoline, aviation fuel and even alcohol, i.e. on almost anything that burns. The same ICE lifts a helicopter into the air BELL with six paratroopers on board and a full set of weapons, which weighs approximately 2 tons of 300 kg, versus 230 kg of the bike.

Now try calculating your power-to-weight ratio. Impressive? Power 320hp is reached at 52 thousand rpm, and the maximum speed can overcome the 400 km / h mark. Everything is fine, but at this speed it is impossible to turn. The American accelerates to 350 km / h in 14 seconds. Probably the most racing motorcyclewhich is not intended for racing.

Its price is $ 185 thousand, and the exhaust temperature is under a thousand degrees. So be careful when approaching Y2 K behind at a traffic light. Most experts are inclined to believe that this "technological masturbation"... But how many emotions!

PIAGGIO VESPA

Start of production: 1947

Country: Italy

"The founder of the scooter family." Legend. Therefore, it honestly closes our top 5. "

If each city on the planet is given its own sound, then Rome will have the sound of a buzzing bee, the sound Vespa. Piaggo Vespa is the founder of the European scooter design school and the first successful scooter in the world. Without it, the two-wheeled world would be different. In 1947, the car was designed from scratch without looking at traditional motorcycles. It was based on other, aviation, principles. Namely: the combination of functions and the rejection of all unnecessary. Despite its advanced age, the scooter is still produced in the “retro” style and looks timeless. After the war, it was a fashionable modern accessory that was used not only for work, but also just for pleasure.

Today it is perceived as a fashionable toy with a beautiful history. "Vespa"was so popular that he became a household name. Nobody said: "I'm on a scooter." Instead, they expressed: "I'm on Vespa." Today it is a philosophy of mobility. It can be safely considered king of city roads.

For all the time, more than 10 million of these over-popular scooters have been produced. In addition, production licenses " Vespa"bought many British, German, American, Spanish and French factories. In the USSR, in 1957, a motor scooter was produced "Vyatka VP-150" - exact copy "Vespa"... No license was purchased.

BRITTEN V1000

Start of production: 1991

Country: New Zealand.

“Assembled in a garage, while being more technologically advanced than factory competitors. Alas, the production hasn't been continued, so it doesn't make it to our podium. ”

Created not in Japan, not in Europe, not in the United States, but in a garage at home in New Zealand in 1991. Then, in fact, on the knee, a group of enthusiasts led by designer John Britten developed and built a motorcycle from scratch, which, in terms of its technical characteristics and design solutions, was ahead of the entire motorcycle industry for many years. Let's just say that the very appearance of a completely homemade motorcycle in the early 90s is an event unique in its property. The power of the V-twin of its own design was about 170 hp, but the success in numerous races was hidden not in the engine, but in the revolutionary design of the entire motorcycle. When creating this bike, John tried to minimize the total number of parts, so he completely abandoned the frame. Swingarm, suspension, motorcycle front fork and more attachments attached directly to the engine with carbon brackets. Most of the parts were made of carbon fiber, so the bike did not weigh more than 145kg.

Thus, on the racetrack, this motorcycle forced the most venerable competitors from among the leaders of the motorsport industry to swallow the dust. It was lighter and with 170 hp. more powerful. In the very first race Britten V1000 drove much faster than the factory Ducati... The motorcycle also had an on-board computer that logged 6 engine parameters - a unique option for that time. Existence Britten V1000 - a kind of romantic story that one person is able to resist huge factories with their limitless resources and capabilities.

However, this story has a tragic end. In 1995, the engineering genius John Britten died of brain cancer and took away the production secrets with him. There are only 10 copies in the world Britten V1000.

DUCATI 916

Start of production: 1994

Country: Italy

“Unparalleled motorsport success and unique design. Civilian versions. But competitors learned their lesson, vowed revenge and pulled themselves up. 3rd place. "

In 1994 the company Ducati produces a motorcycle that boggles the imagination of both racers and people far from motorcycling. The highest achievement of the design thought of its time. They talked and dreamed about him. A motorcycle that combines the best design with phenomenal performance and great sound. It has everything! He became a racing icon after winning the World Championships three times in a row. SUPERBIKE... In appearance revolutionary ideas were observed. Exhaust pipe placed under the seat, which not only emphasized the uniqueness of the style, but also improved aerodynamics. But the main thing is the internal combustion engine. At that time, all Japanese competitors worked on 4 cylinders, and Ducati returned everything to square one. The twin V2 engine was developed for the specific task of smooth acceleration in corners.

This motorcycle has won a record number of titles at the world championships. No one has lingered on a pedestal for so long. There was also an improved, stylized version of it. Ducati 916 Senna.

In the showrooms of dealerships civilian versions Ducati 916 dispersed like hot cakes. But the key to this success was victories on racetracks around the world. Ducati 916 and its derivatives - 996 and 998 - won six racing titles World superbike.

HARLEY DAVIDSONKNUCKLEHEAD

Start of production: 1936

A country: USA

“Without him, we would never have seen bearded men on huge motorcycles. Living legend and a worthy vice championourreview. "

Parent of motorcycles with a long frame and a front fork, which first appeared in the United States. It is on the basis of stock Harley Davidson in the 50s, legendary choppers began to be made. But not only for the unique style "Harley"became world famous. Knucklehead was the most fast motorcycle of his time in America. Don't be it, company image Harley Davidson"would be different. He was faster than any car, so he was loved exclusively by the" bad guys ", which made this motorcycle SEX-symbol of the 30s. A symbol of freedom.

By driving a motorcycle like this today, you are driving a story that becomes part of you. The bikers gave him a nickname Knucklehead(translated into Russian - "knuckle") because its valve covers are like fists with two protruding knuckles.

Motorcycles of this model are still popular and in demand, despite their age. Today they are bought because of the "daredevil" image.

HONDA GOLDWING

Start of release: 1975

A country: Japan

The safest, most functional and comfortable modern motorcycle. A legend worthy of victory inourTOP 10."

At the dawn of the 70s, the motorcycle world became interested in “big tourism”. In 1975, the dealer network received a motorcycle that hit most of them on the spot. It was a Japanese cruiser HondaGold Wing GL1000 ... By 1982 he acquired the features of a modern, familiar "tourist". And by 2008 luxury Honda Gold Wing 1800 already sport plush seating, an audio system, a powerful engine, integrated satellite navigation and cruise control. The perfect long-range bike! At the same time, its price on the US market started at $ 20 thousand, which is by no means a lot for a luxury motorcycle.

With its expressive appearance, unique 6-cylinder boxer engine and state-of-the-art comfort and safety technologies, Gold Wing still holds the title of the world's most advanced and versatile touring motorcycle. But most importantly, the company Honda began to equip the "Golden Wing" with the world's first airbag for production motorcycles, which is installed between the handlebars and has a volume of 150 liters.

For their specifications, comfort, safety and relatively affordable price HondaGold Wingbecomes the winner of our “hot” ten.

... and for a snack a report about our own motorcycle M1NSK -