The issues arising during the preparation (manufacture) of a pit for carrying out work on adjusting the UUK of a car are basic, since incorrect design decisions lead, at best to inconveniences, at worst to the impossibility of performing the work partially or even completely. Hence the limitations (criteria) that must be followed when designing the pit and its accompanying elements.

The size of the pit is determined, first of all, technical characteristics serviced vehicles, namely the wheelbase and track of the vehicle.

CROSS PIT SIZE.
When determining the width of the pit, the distance between the wheels (according to their internal parties) the vehicle with the smallest track gauge (to be serviced). It would be logical to assume that this is the width of the pit, however, when deciding on the transverse size, various factors should be taken into account. For example, the convenience (safety) of entering a pit. As a rule, the owner of the car will drive into the pit, but he may be of varying degrees of preparedness for such a case and a wide pit can become a source of excitement and trouble. In turn, a narrow pit will cause inconvenience or impossibility of servicing cars with a wide track, the master simply will not be able to "get" to the regulated units. Making a wide pit, read convenient, excludes the segment of small cars from service. It is worth remembering that the front wheels of the car should be in the center of the front platform, therefore, with a wide pit, it is practiced that there is no restrictive side of the niche, not only from the outside of the tracks, but also from the inside. Hence, the choice of the width of the pit remains with the owner of the service, since the adjustment of the UUK of a "large" car is usually more expensive, but you should not neglect a significant number of "small" cars either.

LONGITUDINAL PIT SIZE.
The decision on the longitudinal size of the pit is much easier to make, since its minimum length is the maximum wheelbase for serviced vehicles, plus the width required to exit from it, the organization of which must be taken into account when designing the pit. The length of the pit should take into account the place for placing the traverse when it is not in use and taking into account the convenience (unimpededness) of the car by the master. Descent into the pit is carried out from its end or through a lateral branch. When organizing a descent from the end of the pit, it is recommended to install ladders from two opposite sides, since there are often cases when the departure of the front of the car closes the exit from the pit located at its beginning. It should also be borne in mind that during the execution of the adjustment procedures, the master bypasses the car several times and open pit areas in its path are at least undesirable. The pit along the edges should be equipped with longitudinal guides for installing a trench jack (traverse) on them - a necessary attribute of the UUK adjustment post. The elements of the pit contour framing - a metal corner or a profile can serve as guides. The depth of the "shelf" of the framing from the floor level (on which the traverse will rest) should, on the one hand, ensure the maximum possible lifting height, on the other hand, it should be calculated taking into account the protrusion of the traverse above the track level in the folded state, which should not prevent the traverse from rolling under by car. The pit may have a limiter (metal protrusion) along its longitudinal boundaries, which serves for the safety of a car entering the pit. It should be borne in mind that this limiter (its protruding dimensions) will be a hindrance to the "flapper" when working with the suspension. In other words, the limiter should be small (narrow and low) or it should not be at all (here again the question arises of an inexperienced driver entering the pit).

HEIGHT DIFFERENCE.
Consideration of the issue of organizing a pit for the RUUK post is associated not only with the car, but also with the requirements of the manufacturers of UUK adjustment stands. Namely, the arrangement of the pit tracks in compliance with the requirements for the height difference (horizontal level) between the platforms and ensuring the adhesion of the platforms with their entire lower plane to the places of their installation. The maximum requirements for the differential are shown in the diagram and proceed from the fact that the wheels of the car, during the measurement and adjustment procedures, must be on a plane as horizontal as possible. And although the fulfillment of the requirements of the automaker for the adjustment of the CCA (tolerances in the "green zone"), at first glance, may not be ensured on such an ideal surface, nevertheless they (requirements) are not excessive, since deviations from the "ideal" take place and in other components of the system, and the accumulation of errors can give a very undesirable result. Below are images of the pit with the required tolerances.

When making a pit, it is required to take into account the presence of lighting in it (power supply and niches in the walls of the pit for lamps), also take into account the organization of pumping the wheels, this is either a pneumatic line or a portable container with compressed air.

It is reasonable to start making recesses for the front platforms having them available, since the width of the platform base (turntable) can vary, from 375 mm to 450 mm. You can get by with the knowledge of the dimensions of the platforms (both front and rear), but having them at hand, it is much easier to explain to the "builder" what is required of him.

The diagram shows the distance from the wall to the middle of the front platforms (circles), this size is reference and requires mandatory clarification in each specific case, since it depends on the requirements of the manufacturer and the conditions of installation and operation. In most cases, this distance is the best option \u003d 2500 mm.

And yet, do not be afraid to make the depth of the pit for a tall person, its (depth) can always be reduced by a wooden flooring placed on the bottom of the pit.

TRAVERSE (pit jack).
When designing the length of the pit, it is necessary to take into account the presence of a traverse, which will be placed at its beginning (entrance), occupying a certain place (when not in use). The presence of two traverses at the post increases the required pit length accordingly. Below is a frontal view of the pit, on which two parallel guides running along the upper edge of the pit are marked in red, along which the traverse in the pit will roll. There are two possible versions: the first, when the wheels (rollers) of the traverse are rolled on the horizontal flange of the pit edge - a drawing without red color, and the second, when the wheels of the traverse, with the grooves in them, "fit" onto the end of the guide metal strip, which is welded to the edge holes or is a protruding part of the corner of the structure. In the second version, the traverse wheels are protected from moisture and dirt, which ensures its free rolling and a long service life. With the maximum parallelism of the guides, it is easy to move the traverse along the pit and position it in the right place.
The distance from the guide strip to the track wall should ensure free rolling of the traverse wheels and depends on the distance from the outer edge of the traverse (outer end of the wheel axis) to the groove in the wheel (roller). The groove, in the wheels of the traverse, provides for almost every production, but if it is absent, you can make it yourself.

This topic will touch upon the issue of optimizing the workplace for alignment adjustments. It is necessary to clarify that this topic is mostly relevant for the alignment stand installed on the inspection pit.

If, in the case of installing 3D camber-convergence on a lift, it is enough to provide for the further placement of a rack with cameras before installing the lift, then a rational position of the front turntables and rear movable platforms is necessary for the inspection pit.

The answers to the following questions will allow you to clarify for yourself the layout of the rear moving platforms in relation to the turntables.

1. Dimensions of the allocated space for the alignment section.
2. Range of wheelbase and track width.
3. Model of the stand you have chosen toe-out.

Camber-toe model
If your choice fell on an infrared toe stand, for example, HUNTER PA130 / DSP706, there is no need to plan the placement of a stand with 3D cameras (Figure 1).

Correct placement of the camera stand is critical to seeing targets mounted on wheels.

The camera viewing angle differs depending on the choice of model and manufacturer of the wheel alignment stand and requires knowledge of technical characteristics.

Concerning complex configurations of wheel alignment boxes, it is better to consult a representative of the manufacturer of wheel alignment stands.

Wheelbase and Tread Range
For correct adjustment wheel angles, the adjustable front axle should be on the front turntables and the rear adjustable axle on the rear movable platforms.

For example: Renault Twizy base length (Figure 3.) - 1686 mm.

Maybach 62 base length (Figure 4.) - 3827 mm.

It turns out that if you expect that your client will be the owner of both one and the other of the above-mentioned car, it is necessary to provide for the installation of movable platforms with a length that overlaps both bases. More precisely, the length of the movable platforms is not less than 2155 mm. The choice of a manufacturer of movable platforms for 3D wheel alignment requires separate consideration.

Components for solving this problem:
1. The width of the pit of the wheel alignment post;
2. Estimated maximum width of the vehicle being adjusted (for example, Figure 4.);
3. Dimensions of the device hung on the wheels (targets with Hunter and Hoffman grips no more than 500 mm on each side);
4. The required distance from the wall to the mounted device;
5. Estimated maximum length of the adjustable vehicle;
6. The required distance from cameras to turntables (for example, Figure 1.).

The article was prepared based on materials of the company AVTOPROMIMPEX

How to improve the efficiency of your car service business? An important moment for the owners of the automotive business in Russia. Let's look from afar at the development of the business and the increase in the profit of the car company.

How to open the collapse section | Camber equipment

Camber equipment

Each car service has a lift or lifts, respectively, locksmith work is carried out on it, which partly bring a lot of money. For example, a banal replacement of pads, brake discs, solving problems with the exhaust system, in some cases solving problems with electronics (adaptive suspension, aBS systems, exchange rate, etc.), and most importantly, the repair of the front suspension and rear axle... Suspension repairs can lead to a violation of wheel alignment, both front and rear, depending on where the locksmith work is performed. But the most important thing is that such a procedure for adjusting the setting of camber and toe is simply necessary at an interval of approximately 15-30 thousand kilometers. Everything, of course, depends on the client's desire to spend two three thousand rubles to check these same angles for special equipment - stand descent disorder for cars.

Conclusion: the service of checking and adjusting the installation of the wheels of the car will always be in demand.

How to make a pit for a similar collapse site?

At first glance, the process is clear and not complicated. But let's try to deal with technical side, to understand what is needed for this and, most importantly, what may be the costs of equipping the site of the collapse.

Let's consider a typical example of a building, where the main thing is the entrance gate. The picture above is a projection of a finished pit, with built-in guides (corners 100x100 mm) for the OMA542 traverse. The descent into the pit is made on both sides in the form of steps. There are pits on the floor for turntables for collapse. To keep the room clean, the floor can be tiled. Note the fact that it is necessary to take care of good lighting not only of the site, but also of the pit. Accordingly, before the construction of the pit, it is necessary to lay a cable channel in the floor (an ordinary pipe). For convenience, the pit has four places for locksmith tools, mainly providing convenience only for the master performing maintenance chassis and wheel alignment. In addition, you need to take care of the supply of electricity and compressed air to the working area, since pneumatic and power tools will most likely be used.

The design idea of \u200b\u200bdesigning a site similarity collapse

For the construction of such a room, we may need:

• Pipe - for supplying electricity to the pit (for example, light and socket);
• Cable and corrugated tube - for connecting fluorescent lamps and sockets
• Standard corner (for example, 100x100 mm) - for using the OMA 542 traverse. In principle, this traverse will easily fit into any project. dimensions and structural elements are perfect for any design task.

OMA 542 traverse dimensions

Component OMA 542 (wheels for traverse movement)

This type of performance is perfect for our project - a corner of 100x100 mm was used.

It looks schematically as follows.

For construction and decoration, we need concrete (cement) for the screed, as well as tiles. In principle, this is not the most important thing to think about when building this site. First of all, you need to clearly understand how to complete all the work (clearly in size), calculate the cost of construction and materials. All calculations can be performed by creating a 3D model of the site and only after that estimate the total budget.

In addition, it is necessary to take into account the costs of equipment that will be used in this area.

What type of basic equipment is suitable for our camber site?

Hydraulic traverse OMA 542 with manual drive - 1200 Euro

Chinese version of the stand for descent collapse with infrared communication AUTOBOSS A860 - 290,000 rubles.

Domestic stand for descent collapse with infrared communication TECHNOVEKTOR V5214N PRRC - 305,500 rubles.

TECHNOVEKTOR S4108 domestic stand for wheel alignment with cord connection - 180,000 rubles.

The expediency of using a pit, in our opinion, if it is not possible to put a 4-post lift, for example, because of low ceilings. In general, you can work in the pit. There are many workshops and car services where they do exactly this: a pit, a traverse, a stand for a camber, a tool, etc.

Modern similarity disorder (educational article).

All motorists know that camber needs to be done for better vehicle handling. Firstly, a properly made camber on high-quality equipment makes the ride comfortable, and secondly, it increases the wear period automotive rubber... Therefore, for any car service and service station such car service equipment, as descent collapse stand just necessary. It will be an additional option for clients, and what is important, it will bring money to your business consistently.

From the existing variety of equipment for car service, wheel alignment stands occupy one of the dominant places in any car service and bring stable money to your business. The need to adjust the wheel slip of a car has existed for many years, along with this, the equipment for this procedure has evolved, which began from a conventional mechanical ruler and later led to computer technologies for adjusting wheel alignment. Modern technologies simplify and speed up the process of adjusting the angles of the wheels of cars, it has become easy to use.

There are several terms in the camber theory:

1. Camber is the angle between the vertical and the plane of rotation of the wheel. Camber is considered negative if the top of the wheel is directed inward, in which case the outer edge of the rubber will wear off faster. It is positive if the top of the wheel extends outward.

2. Toe-in is the angle between the direction of travel of the vehicle and the plane of rotation of the wheel. In some vehicles, the toe-in of both the front and rear wheels can be adjusted.

Convergence is measured in degrees and in millimeters. Toe in millimeters is the distance between the rear ends of the wheels, minus the distance between the front ends of the wheels. Incorrectly adjusted toe is the main cause of accelerated rubber wear. One of the first signs of incorrect toe-in is a squeal when cornering at low speed. This means that your rubber will wear off very quickly.

3. Castr is the longitudinal tilt angle of the wheel axle. Longitudinal tilt ensures self-alignment of the steered wheels at the expense of vehicle speed.

To chassis Your car worked reliably and the rubber did not wear off quickly, wheel alignment should be done on high-quality equipment for a car service!

At the moment, many car services and service stations are purchasing equipment for the descent collapse of such manufacturers as: Hunter (USA), HOFMANN (Germany), Nussbaum (Germany) and Techno Vector (Russia).

All wheel alignment stands of these manufacturers are of high quality and reliable in operation. They, in turn, are divided into stands with by cord, infrared communication and a new connection - machine vision technology 3 D.

Cordless stands: Their measuring units are attached to the wheels of your car. They, in turn, are equipped with electronic levels that are connected via wires to a computer rack and provide information on the state of the wheel alignment of your car. Cordless stands, in turn, come with U-shaped contour, which allows you to adjust the front axle and partially the rear; And also with closed loopwhich allows you to adjust both the front and rear axles of your car.

Descent-collapse stands with infrared communication... They also have two types of measurements: U-shaped contour and closed loop, and are equipped with measuring units of a newer generation with wired and ( Bluetooth) wireless communication. They also have an additional option. wheel runout compensation... That allows you not to jack up the axles of the car one by one and scroll each wheel. Wheel runout compensation by rental allows you to determine the errors of your wheels and automatically take them into account when adjusting the camber by rolling the car back and forth on a car lift or on a viewing hole.

And the latest, most recent developments of wheel alignment stands with machine vision system 3D ... This can be said to be high know-how in this large family of equipment for car services and service stations, which can be purchased from Servisproject. The stands of this generation allow you to quickly and reliably perform the alignment adjustment procedure. Firstly, such stands are equipped with two or four 3D cameras that read information from the vehicle axles; secondly, in such stands there is already an option to compensate for wheel runout by rolling it on a lift or a viewing hole, which significantly speeds up the procedure for adjusting the angles of the car's wheels; thirdly, these stands are completed different kinds racks, for the convenience of its operation both on the floor, on a lift or on an inspection pit. A two-chamber 3D stand reads information alternately from targets put on the wheels of the front and rear axles and displays the data on the screen; a four-chamber stand does this procedure simultaneously from both axes.

All wheel alignment stands are equipped with either an industrial computer or system unit with the operating system. Industrial computer (Proalign) - is a computer stand with a monitor, keyboard, mouse, printer and an attachment to which a cartridge with a car database is connected. Alignment stand with software (Winaling) runs on a standard computer operating system.

Work on adjusting the angles of the wheels is carried out on the inspection pit, or on a special four-post lift for convergence.

Requirements for the pit for descent collapse:

Platform dimensions (front rotary circles) with a handle, mm 487x378x50.

Overall dimensions for rear platforms (sliding plates), mm 803x503x50.

Distance from rack to front axle car, mm 1500 to 3000.

For the convenience of working in the pit, you can mount an additional monitor.

To work with the alignment camber stand, you can also use a four-post lift for the alignment camber, in which there are already holes for the front turntables and rear sliding plates to check the rolling compensation of the wheel runout, as well as a traverse for hanging the axles.

A similar collapse stand is the face of your car service!

The first thing that the eye of a person who comes to you for the first time falls on is the neatness of the pit and what and in what condition there is a similar-collapse stand. The client may not understand balancing machines, he doesn't care what the welding looks like, but there are some key "points" according to market research that influence decision making.

However, the matter is not limited to this, if we are talking about medium and small businesses. Having on the sign and repairing the undercarriage, the service needs a collapse stand. Declaring the replacement of ball joints or shock absorbers and at the same time sending them after the work done to similar collapse to neighboring competitors is the height of recklessness. Because they definitely have a running gear repair, and next time the client will go to the place where they will do everything for him at once and now. This does not mean that the collapse stand will cost you crazy money, recently there have been several very well-established brands that give excellent quality at a price that is half the price of Americans or Italians. These include: the Russian Technovector, some Chinese brands.

The descent collapse stands themselves are of the following types: cord, infrared and 3D. At cordless stands, the interaction between the measuring heads and the computer rack is carried out, as a rule, through electric cables, and they do not form a closed measurement loop (only a U-shaped maximum), infrared stands measure using IR rays. A completely different system is found in modern advanced 3D stands. Here, checkerboard-patterned reflective targets are attached to the wheels, which are viewed by high-resolution megapixel video cameras fixed at a certain height. The visible distortion of the target's checkers depends on the degree of inclination of the target in one direction or another, which is calculated in real time by a special computer and translated into human-readable angles of the suspension parameters and recommendations for bringing them to normal. All modern descent camber stands are computer-based and contain a database of car models, which stores normal values \u200b\u200bof the angles of descent, camber and castor. An important advantage of the Russian Technovector is that its database updates are absolutely free after purchasing the equipment. German and American brands have a paid renewal, but they get it directly from the world's leading automakers, and they rejuvenate such stands for their dealerships... The release of new car models does not stop in the world for a minute, you must be ready for this.

Firm "Servisproekt" will carry out a competent selection of the correct stand, independently carry out its installation in the Southern Federal District, calibrate, train personnel and carry out its warranty for this equipment.