Homemade tractor with your own hands at home. DIY mini tractor: how to make, the best homemade options

A mini tractor for a small farm is, if not necessary, then a very useful technique. The unit mechanizes plowing, harrowing, cultivation of a land plot, picks up and takes out the crop from the field, and helps in the preparation of forage. The capabilities of the device are expanded by additional equipment.

On the market of agricultural machinery, there are enough proposals for mini-equipment, but the prices of the simplest and least-functional Chinese-made machine start at 120 thousand rubles. A craftsman can significantly reduce costs by making a mini-unit, equipment for it with his own hands.

Choosing the parameters of the future car

Let's consider what factors and parameters determine the stability of the minitractor.

Power point

The master needs to clearly determine what you want to do with a home-made unit and on what area. Power will largely depend on this. power plant... The experience gained by specialists allows us to recommend:

installation of 4-7 hp engine with an area of \u200b\u200bthe treated area up to 20 acres;
9-17 HP up to 50 acres;
20-40 h.p. up to 4 hectares.

For work additional equipment the engine must be equipped with a power take-off shaft.

Chassis, steering and transmission

Most homemade units have frame structure on two axles with pneumatic wheels. The drive can be on one or both axles. It is advisable to use a mechanical type transmission with a gearbox, clutch unit, cardan shafts and axles from a light car or agricultural machinery.

In the same way, the nodes of the steering, brake system, electrical devices are selected.

Having in the presence of sufficient performance hydraulic pump, hydraulic motors, distribution devices and hydraulic power cylinders, it is really possible to equip the unit with a full volumetric hydraulic drive, which will make it possible to refuse mechanical transmission, will simplify the steering scheme.

Such a solution will greatly facilitate the creation of a machine with a breaking frame - two half-frames are connected by a power hinge assembly, which increases the maneuverability and cross-country ability of the mini-tractor, ensures that the wheels of the axles copy the unevenness of the ground.

The use of a caterpillar-type propeller significantly complicates the design, requires the presence of light links of the caterpillar belt, the development of units for transmitting the power moment to each of the belts with different parameters (for turning and turning), the installation of mechanisms for tensioning the track belt.

Examples of developments by DIY masters

Let's turn to the well-known home-made mini tractors that have received decent reviews in the world of self-made agricultural machinery.

Minitractor "Volchok" with a breaking frame

1 - articulated frame hinge mechanism (cardan crosspiece of MAZ car);
2 - drum-type braking mechanism (GAZ-51);
3 - pedal drive of the clutch mechanism;
4 - front axle wheel suspension unit (ZAZ-968);
5 - two-cylinder diesel engine 20 liters. from.;
6 - starter starter (GAZ-51);
7- exhaust suppression unit (ZAZ-968);
8 - electric generator (GAZ-53);
9 - cooling fan;
10 - cooling system pump;
11 - air filter housing;
12 - tank for fuel;
13 - hand brake drive;
14 - crosspiece of the hydraulic system;
15 - battery box;
16 - hydraulic system tank and pump NSh-10;
17 - power take-off;
18 - checkpoint (GAZ-51);
19 - wheel (Belorus);
20 - hoses of the hydraulic system;
21 - hydraulic valve;
22 - hinge unit (Belorus);
23 - operator's place;
24 - gearshift lever;
25 - power steering (electric car);
26 - instrument panel (Belorus);
27 - radiator of the cooling system (Zhiguli);
28 - oil filter;
29 - fuel supply pump;
30 - gas pedal;
31 - wheel (electric car).

a - turn left; b - turn right.

1 - steering wheel with a control unit for a hydraulic turning cylinder; 2 - half-frame stand; 3 - assembly for fastening the hydraulic cylinder rod; 4 - steering cylinder; 5 - back half-frame; 6 - power hinge of the breaking frame; 7 - flexible hoses of the hydraulic system

Making a clutch for a mini tractor

The clutch basket housing is connected to the motor through an adapter with coaxial mounting holes. The device itself is used from the GAZ-51, the mechanism is turned off by a hydraulic drive.

Features of the mini tractor:

units and parts are used from used cars and agricultural machinery;
the frame of the breaking type is assembled from two semi-frames and a cross from the MAZ truck. Provides high cross-country ability and maneuverability of the machine, copying the terrain with pneumatic wheels, directional movement control;
cardan shaft with a pair of end crosses, transmits the power moment from the box to the bridge regardless of the "break" of the frame;
a drum-type service brake is mounted on the box shaft;
the drive axle is used from an electric car, rigidly fixed to the semi-frame;
the front axle suspension is independent. Shock absorbers, springs, levers are applied from ZAZ;
the machine can be converted into tracked and all-wheel drive versions.

The unit "Volchok" is converted into an all-wheel drive mini-tractor with its own hands in the following order:

A transfer case from the GAZ-69 is installed behind the gearbox through an intermediate propeller shaft, which transmits the power moment to the drive axles, the presence of a reduction gear in the device makes it possible to increase the tractive effort if necessary.
A bridge is mounted on the front half-frame - an analogue of the rear axle of a mini tractor.
The main gear of the front axle is connected to transfer case via cardan transmission.

Do-it-yourself conversion of the "Volchka" into a caterpillar mini-tractor:

Make a caterpillar-type propulsor. For this purpose, a large diameter tire with trimmed sides is used. We use solid rubber wheels from transport trolleys as rollers.
We fix the semi-frames rigidly relative to each other (the power hinge does not work).
We dismantle the front suspension, on the front frame we attach the roller assemblies with the track tensioning mechanism.
Dismantle rear axle, in its place we install a shortened bridge from the GAZ-21 with main gear and differential, hydraulic control drum brakes are connected separately for each side. We install rollers in place of the wheel disks.
Two pedals for controlling the drum brakes of the rear axle, due to the operation of the differential, provide a change in direction.
We dress and tighten the track.

Optional equipment

By making a trailer with your own hands, you will significantly expand the functionality of the minitractor, minimizing financial costs.

We start manufacturing with a supporting frame - welding from round or rectangular pipes (at least 40 mm in cross section) of the product frame. The axle of the wheelset is made of a steel rod with a diameter of 35 mm. The axle is connected to the bearing frame by a longitudinal hinge, side spars and corner supports.

The body box is made of planed edged boards connected with screws and metal corners.

To attach the product to the minitractor, an articulated drawbar is used, inserted into the tubular body. Coupling with vehicle fixed with a chain-type fuse.

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The mini tractor is an indispensable agricultural technique for cultivating the land, planting seeds and harvesting. This technique is especially in demand in the village, among the owners of large household plots. The cost of factory-made mini tractors is quite high. Even new Chinese-made technology is sometimes not affordable for everyone. Therefore, more and more home craftsmen are trying to make a mini tractor on their own, using materials at hand.

If you decide to assemble a mini-tractor with your own hands, then first of all you need to choose a power unit for it. The latter is often used zID engine... This is a four-stroke unit with a volume of 0.52 liters. and a capacity of 4.5 l / s, which is quite suitable for processing 2-3 hectares of land. The engine is easy to maintain, so it is often installed on various home-made equipment, moreover, it is easy to buy it on the Internet.

Another option for homemade products is ... This is a two-cylinder unit with a capacity of about 12 l / s and a volume of 0.42 liters. Although this type of motor has long been discontinued, there is a large number of offers for the sale of this unit. You can buy it for about 5,000 - 8,000 rubles.

Often, when making homemade tractors, craftsmen use motors from cars. For example, you can find mini tractors with an engine from the Oka.

This engine has a power of 29.3 l / s and a volume of 0.649 liters. In fact, this is a VAZ engine (VAZ 21083), only in a lightweight version, since it has 2 times less weight. A distinctive feature of the Oka engine is low gas mileage and high efficiency.

A more expensive option is engine from "Zhiguli"... The motors of the VAZ car line have an engine power of 59 l / s (VAZ 2101) and higher. A tractor with a VAZ engine is a fairly powerful unit that is able to cope with almost any agricultural work.

It is easiest for owners of walk-behind tractors to make a mini-tractor for a household, since this unit already has all the necessary control units. All that remains is to make a suitable frame and the tractor is ready.

What to make a frame from

The assembly of a mini tractor always begins with the manufacture of the frame. The frame of the minitractor acts as a base on which all the units and parts of this unit are fixed. The frame must be strong enough and at the same time not very heavy. It is usually made from metal corner, profile pipe or channel... Parts are connected by welding. The frame can be in one piece or in two parts.

One-piece frame the easiest to make. It is enough to weld a rectangle from a channel or corner. The dimensions of the frame are calculated based on the dimensions of the engine, gearbox and other components.

Also, among the owners of personal plots, the 4x4 mini tractor is very popular. These are all-wheel drive minitractors with a breaking frame... The word “all-wheel drive” means that the unit is driven by both axles, front and rear. An example of such a frame made from channel No. 10 is shown in the following photo.

Frame fracture node most often made from cardan shaft car, for example, from the GAZ-52.

The main advantage of a home-made tractor with a breaking frame is the small turning radius of the unit. Due to its high maneuverability, the fracture mini-tractor is successfully used in small areas where the turning of a mini-tractor with a solid frame will be difficult.

Shown below are drawings of a hinged frame.

What to make a chassis

To assemble a mini tractor, you need to prepare its chassis. It includes wheels, front and rear axles, transmission elements.

When choosing wheels for a mini tractor the purpose of using the latter should be taken into account. If the unit is being built for the transport and hauling of goods, then a disc diameter of 16 inches will be sufficient. When using the tractor in the field, it is better to use more massive wheels with discs with a diameter of 18 to 24 inches.

If the drive axle in your tractor is only the rear one, then the front beam is manufactured simple enough.

To make a homemade front axle, as well as its rear counterpart for all-wheel drive unit, you will need to take 2 identical chassis assemblies, for example, from a VAZ or Moskvich car, and shorten them. How to shorten the bridge from the VAZ car, you can learn from this video.

Important! Axles must have the same gearboxes, with the same gear ratio. Otherwise, the front and rear wheels will rotate at different speeds when the tractor is moving.

Since the bridges already have a built-in mechanism for transmitting rotational motion to the wheel axle, it is not required to make a homemade gearbox.

Advantages of installing hydraulics

The hydraulics on the mini tractor are installed in order to ensure the operation of some of its mechanisms and to facilitate the control of this unit. The unit with installed hydraulics has its advantages.

The machine becomes easy to operate. The steering wheel can be twisted, with almost no effort, with one hand.
Hydraulics makes it possible to use various attachments.
The use of hydraulics allows you to upgrade the braking system. Thanks to the hydraulic cylinders installed on the unit, the unit is braked instantly.

You can make hydraulics on a minitractor if you purchase a ready-made system in a store in advance or use parts from old agricultural equipment.

Important! When installing hydraulics on a mini tractor, it should be borne in mind that some of the engine power will go to servicing this unit. Therefore, for tractors with low power engines, installing hydraulics will not bring any benefit.

What is PTO for?

The power take-off shaft (PTO) is designed to drive various agricultural mechanisms connected to a mini tractor, for example, various milling cutters for cultivating the land, potato diggers, mowers, snow plows, etc.

PTO can be like dependent as well as independent... In the first case, the shaft is driven by a transmission that transmits rotary motion to the wheels. As soon as the wheels stop, the PTO stops rotating. Independent PTO receives rotation from crankshaft engine. Therefore, the higher the engine speed, the faster the shaft rotates.

In addition, there are tractors with Synchronous PTO... The speed of rotation of the synchronous shaft directly depends on the transmission ratio of the moving tractor. Synchronization of movement and rotation is required when operating the machine with seeding equipment.

Making a three-point hitch

The sample is used for connecting additional equipment to the tractorsuch as a plow.

The hinge must be movable both in the horizontal plane and in the vertical... In the first case, mobility helps to reduce the stick out when steering. Vertical suspension movement is required to lower the equipment to a working condition or raise it to the transport position.

A hitch for a mini tractor is made from various parts removed from old agricultural machinery. It is rather difficult to describe how to make a three-point hitch at home. Therefore, it would be more correct to use the following video, which indicates the dimensions of all parts of the device.

Selection and installation of brakes and clutch

The brakes must be installed on the rear wheelset. The easiest way is to take ready-made blocks from a UAZ car... The brake pads must be installed on the wheel discs, and the control is brought to the pedal or lever installed inside the cab.

To install the clutch on a homemade mini tractor, you can also use a ready-made option from any car. For example one can use belt clutch from Moskvich or UAZ.

The clutch block is attached to a gearbox also taken from a vehicle. How to install the clutch can be seen in this video.

Installation of steering

It is quite difficult to make a steering mechanism on your own, and in principle it makes no sense, since all the parts can be taken from any car.

When installing the steering mechanism, the steering shaft with the gear is connected to the steering bipods, which are located on the steering knuckles mounted on the front beam (the manufacture of the beam was considered above).

How to make a cabin for a mini tractor

If in the summer it is possible to work on a minitractor without a cab, then with the onset of the autumn-winter period, the use of the unit becomes rather uncomfortable or even impossible. Therefore, craftsmen try to assemble tractors with cabins in order to use this technique all year round.

The cabin for homemade equipment is made sheet steel according to a previously prepared drawing. As a basis for calculations, you can take the cab from the MTZ tractor. The next photo shows a drawing based on which you can make a cabin yourself.

Advice! If the dimensions of the cab, available in the drawing, do not fit the dimensions of your mini tractor, then they must be changed. But the main thing to consider when adjusting the dimensions is the size of the windshield and the height of the cab. Its ceiling should be 25 cm higher than the head of the person sitting in the cockpit.

The cabin is manufactured as follows.

In general, in order to better understand how a mini tractor is made with your own hands, you can watch this video, a kind of beginner's guide.

The nuances of making a caterpillar tractor

Homemade tracked mini tractors are a technique whose main feature is high maneuverability and good maneuverability... Also, a tractor on tracks creates minimal pressure on the soil, which cannot be said about its wheeled counterpart.

To make a caterpillar mini-tractor, you will need the following structural elements.

Frame. It is made of a profile pipe or channel.
Engine. For a tracked mini tractor, it is better to use a diesel engine.
Main bridge. As in the manufacture wheeled tractor, for the tracked unit, you can also use a ready-made axle from an old car, which should be shortened.
Transmission. The ideal option would be a box from a GAZ-53.
Clutch. A clutch block from a GAZ-52 will do.
Caterpillars. They are made of tires from wheels of large-sized equipment, for example, from a tractor.

For the manufacture of caterpillars you need to take 2 tires from the tractor and cut off the side parts on them. These tires are then put on the wheels mounted on the frame, as shown in the following photo.

So that the tractor can turn, a differential must be installed on the rear axle, which will disconnect the right or left wheel from the drive. Also, each wheel must be equipped with a separate brake. When you press the brake pedal and shift the differential, one wheel of the drive axle stops, and the opposite continues to rotate. As a result, the tractor turns in the desired direction.

All households or small farms require a lot of manual labor. Do-it-yourself assembled mini tractor helps to reduce its share. It can be used for a variety of purposes, including hay harvesting, soil cultivation, and transporting crops or fertilizers. It turns out to be problematic to carry out such operations without mechanization at home.

Large agricultural companies decide on the purchase of foreign or domestic agricultural machinery. Small farms do not always manage to allocate the required amount for a mini-tractor, so they have to come up with and implement homemade developments. For a do-it-yourself household, all assembly is carried out from scrap materials. If necessary, certain power units are made more powerful, and the product is designed to be as maintainable as possible with a universal set of spare parts and consumables.

Pros and cons of a homemade mini tractor

The wide popularity of this type of technology is provided by the following advantages:

Comfortable operation in confined spaces with limited space. For a homemade mini tractor, fields of less than 2-3 hectares are optimal. Larger areas are processed with larger and more powerful equipment.
Manual digging is not effective in all areas. This applies to rocky or hard ground texture. In this case, manual labor will be much harder. It is more appropriate to use a mini tractor for a household in such circumstances, which will complete the task in a matter of minutes, with the appropriate attachments.
Making a mini tractor with your own hands will often be cheaper, especially when a power plant from other equipment is available. You can make the rest of the nodes with your own hands, the drawings in this case will be unique.
Ample opportunities for reconstruction, rebuilding, revision and repair. Since you will have to make a mini-tractor yourself from improvised means, you can lay down the prospect of re-equipment in advance in the schemes.
The homemade product will be lightweight, which will not create unnecessary stress on the soil. This makes it safe to operate even when caring for crops during cultivation, hilling or harvesting.

With all the positive factors, those who decided to make a mini tractor with their own hands need to know about the future cons. Most of the spare parts will be unique, so sometimes it can be difficult to find analogues. This practice should be taken care of in advance.

Also, the owners of this equipment will be prohibited from driving on public roads. To fix this, you will have to go a long way to register your vehicle. Otherwise, it will have to be transported to the arable land or to the garden not on its own, but on a trailer. You can get a fine for driving a homemade product on a regular highway.

VIDEO: How much does it cost to make a mini tractor with your own hands

To correctly implement the design plan, you need to have real drawings and dimensions of future elements and assemblies.

Unit drawing with dimensions

It is important to prepare the following core modules:

power plant of optimal power;
transmission for transferring power from the engine to the wheels;
base in the form of a frame structure;
steering;
place for the driver.

If not the entire set is available, then it is worth looking for the missing parts at car dismantles or at points of vehicle disposal. Also, something is easy to pick up at the service station.

Assembling the frame yourself

The base is often welded from a channel or I-beam. They are selected from the interval from No. 5 to No. 9. The system will prove to be very solid. Most often, two semi-frames are used for a breaking frame, which are interconnected by movable hinge joints in the form of parts of the propeller shafts from the truck.

Frame for future fractures from a channel

Also, the frame can be solid, assembled from two spars and traverses. The cross member is made of channel # 10. When the work of assistants is used, it is preferable to have a drawing available in order to get the desired result.

Engine preparation

Before you assemble a mini tractor with your own hands, you should take care of the motor. An engine with a capacity of about 40 hp is considered sufficient. Power plants UD-2, M-67, UD-4, MT-9 fall under this criterion. Also, assemblies based on cylinder blocks from an old VAZ or AZLK are not uncommon.

Housekeepers strive to create four-wheel drive models. We recommend assembling such cars with a 4x4 wheel arrangement based on the M67 engine. In this case, it is necessary to ensure an increase in the gear ratio in the transmission. If this is not done, then the motor will lack torque. It is important in this situation to form an additional cooling system.

It is very convenient to make a tractor from a walk-behind tractor. In this case, the power unit, front axle, brakes, gearbox, frame and steering system are already ready.

In the traditional arrangement, the motor is positioned in front, directly above the front axle longitudinally. A gearbox is mounted to it through the clutch. Further, according to the scheme, there is a transfer case and a driving axle. The connection of elements in such a scheme is carried out by means of couplings or several cardan shafts.

Sometimes it is more convenient to position the motor on the frame by placing wooden planks under it. In this way, it will be possible to find the optimal position for him. If necessary, brackets are made for convenient fixing of the cylinder block.

It is important to observe the weight distribution in order not to get a quickly tilting system. Experienced experts recommend spreading the mass along the axles in a ratio of 60% to the driving axle and 40% to the driven (steered) wheels.

Transmission and rear axle

The most durable and inexpensive gearbox is a box from soviet trucks GAZ-53. From them or from the GAZ-52 they use a clutch system. When fastening to the frame, it is worth taking care of additional adjustment of the nodes to each other. There are home models with accessories from UAZ. Their power parameters maintain a high level of reliability.

It will be possible to synchronize the clutch and the motor through the assembled new housing (basket). You will need to trim the rear plane of the power plant flywheel. You will also need to drill an extra center hole.

A ready-made unit from a car or truck is taken as the rear axle of a mini tractor. It is important to fit in such a situation according to the dimensions of the axle shaft. For a 4x2 wheel arrangement, where one of the axles is not the driving one, it will be easier to select the front axle shafts.

Steering wheel and wheels

Since it is supposed to make a homemade minitractor for power loads, it is important to choose steering with a hydraulic cylinder in the scheme. At home, it will not be possible to make such a hydraulic device, so it can be picked up at the dismantling of cars or agricultural machinery. We will also borrow the steering linkage.

Any suitable object can be used as a seat - a seat from a car, an armchair, even a stool will come in handy if it is properly fixed

DIY wheels should be chosen with a radius of more than 13 inches. They are suitable for equipment designed for the transport of goods. If agricultural work is supposed to be carried out, then it is worth giving preference to a radius from the interval 18-24 inches.

Support trunnions are forks from Soviet cargo cardans. We cook a couple of forks to the beam or directly to the frame, subject to alignment. The rest are welded to the steering knuckles.

VIDEO: Interesting ideas for assembling a homemade tractor and attachments

Large agricultural companies decide on the purchase of foreign or domestic agricultural machinery. It is not always possible for small farms to allocate the required amount for a mini-tractor, so you have to come up with and implement homemade developments.

For a do-it-yourself household, all assembly is carried out from scrap materials.

If necessary, certain power units are made more powerful, and the product is designed to be as maintainable as possible with a universal set of spare parts and consumables.

Pros and cons of a homemade mini tractor

The wide popularity of this type of technology is provided by the following advantages:

Comfortable operation in confined spaces with limited space. For a homemade mini tractor, fields of less than 2-3 hectares are optimal. Larger areas are processed with larger and more powerful equipment.
Manual digging is not effective in all areas. This applies to rocky or hard ground texture. In this case, manual labor will be much harder. It is more appropriate to use a mini tractor for a household in such circumstances, which will complete the task in a matter of minutes, with the appropriate attachments.
Making a mini tractor with your own hands will often be cheaper, especially when a power plant from other equipment is available. You can make the rest of the nodes with your own hands, the drawings in this case will be unique.
Ample opportunities for reconstruction, rebuilding, revision and repair. Since you will have to make a mini-tractor yourself from improvised means, you can lay down the prospect of re-equipment in advance in the schemes.
The homemade product will be lightweight, which will not create unnecessary stress on the soil. This makes it safe to operate even when caring for crops during cultivation, hilling or harvesting.

VIDEO: How much does it cost to make a mini tractor with your own hands

To correctly implement the design plan, you need to have real drawings and dimensions of future elements and assemblies.

Unit drawing with dimensions

It is important to prepare the following core modules:

power plant of optimal power;
transmission for transferring power from the engine to the wheels;
base in the form of a frame structure;
steering;
place for the driver.

If not the entire set is available, then it is worth looking for the missing parts at car dismantles or at points of vehicle disposal. Also, something is easy to pick up at the service station.

Assembling the frame yourself

Frame for future fractures from a channel

Engine preparation

You can use a used engine from Zhiguli or Moskvich

Transmission and rear axle

The most durable and inexpensive gearbox is a box from the Soviet GAZ-53 trucks. From them or from the GAZ-52 they use a clutch system. When fastening to the frame, it is worth taking care of additional adjustment of the nodes to each other. There are home models with accessories from UAZ. Their power parameters maintain a high level of reliability.

Example of welded mounting

Steering wheel and wheels

Any suitable object can be used as a seat - a seat from a car, an armchair, even a stool will come in handy if it is properly fixed

Support trunnions are forks from Soviet cargo cardans. We cook a couple of forks to the beam or directly to the frame, subject to alignment. The rest are welded to the steering knuckles.

VIDEO: Interesting ideas for assembling a homemade tractor and attachments

DIY mini tractor: homemade, for households, how to do it, with a Lifan engine, drawings, dimensions, price

Manual work in a home garden takes a lot of time and effort. Plowing the land, hilling potatoes, transporting goods - all this is hard physical labor, which can be facilitated by small home-made tractors. Having experience in plumbing and welding, you can make a mini tractor with your own hands.

Parameter selection

The type of activity for which the technique is intended determines the parameters of the future machine.

The dimensions of a homemade minitractor will depend on the track width, the size of the units and transmission elements, and the engine power is related to such characteristics as the severity of the cargo transported, the type of soil, the number of plows used. Therefore, before starting the construction of a tractor for a household with your own hands, you need to decide on the following:

Dimensions. Maneuverability and the ability to work in small areas depend on them.

Engine power and type. Diesel engines are more suitable for such equipment due to good traction on low revs... Diesel is 25% more economical than a gasoline engine with the same power. It is more unpretentious and durable.

The equipment used will depend on the power of the engine, the torque at the driving wheels, the height ground clearance... If the equipment will be used in the winter, then it is necessary to provide for the attachment of the blade for clearing snow.

PTO availability. It is needed to connect a potato digger, a mower, an irrigation system pump.

What drawings will be needed

In order to have a clear plan of work on a project for the construction of a mini tractor, you will need its drawing or sketch. They are compiled based on the required parameters and those assembly units that need to be installed.

The assembly of the tractor at home comes from the assemblies of motorcycles, motoblocks and used cars. Therefore, drawings are drawn up on the basis of those units that are available.

First, a diagram is drawn on which the engine, gearbox, transfer case, chassis are located. These assembly units are built according to their design features and sizes. A kinematic diagram of the transmission of torque from the engine to the driving wheels is drawn up. Then the drawing displays the design features:

frame dimensions;
material;
attachment points for units, suspension;
elements reinforcing the structure.

The rest of the drawings are not as important as the frame drawing because they are constantly adjusted during manufacture.

How to make a homemade mini tractor

The simplest option to make a mini tractor with your own hands is to remake a used walk-behind tractor. It has almost everything you need to build:

engine;
clutch;
transmission;
tractor wheels with semi-axles.

The frame from the walk-behind tractor can be used as a fragment of the minitractor frame. There are mountings for the engine and gearbox. The assembly must be done in the following sequence:

Weld a frame with all fasteners from rolled metal.

Install the rear and front axles.

Secure the engine and transmission components.

Assemble the steering.

Anchor fuel tank, driver's seat, protective covers.

Weld the attachment attachment device.

Carry out electrical equipment and install lighting devices.

As a basis, you can take the Mole cultivator. It does not require a powerful frame to convert it. A square pipe with a cross section of 100 mm is enough.

On one side, the cultivator itself is attached, and on the other, the steering with a pedal assembly is installed. The throttle and clutch control cables are connected to the pedals.

A driver's seat is installed in the middle of the structure. A hitch is brewed in the back.

Frame for a homemade mini tractor

The movement of the minitractor occurs off-road, therefore, the power frames tend to experience torsional loads. A channel, corner or square tube is best suited for them. The size of the frame will depend on the dimensions of the units and the magnitude of the load.

The frame design is rectangle or trapezoid. In order to increase the maneuverability of the tractor, a break frame is made. It consists of two rectangular halves. The part on which the engine is mounted is made longer.

To increase the strength, additional jumpers are welded onto the frame to reduce the torsion load, and the corner parts are reinforced with gussets.

Engine

Homemade tractors are equipped with automotive, motorcycle and multi-purpose engines. The installation of this or that option depends on the required power. In Soviet times, three-stroke gasoline engines ZID, UD 2, which gave out 4.5 - 9 hp, depending on the model. These motors were unpretentious and had a service life of 3000 hours.

At this time, engines from the Chinese manufacturer Lifan have become popular. Their power varies in a wide range from 2 to 27 hp. The motors are produced with different shaft positions, which allows them to be installed on the frame in any position.

There is also a range of diesel engines that are more suitable for tractors. To increase the torque, some models are equipped with a reduction gear, a lighting coil and an electric starter.

Therefore, a homemade mini tractor with a Lifan engine will be comfortable to operate.

Transmission

The task of the transmission of a homemade mini tractor is to transmit torque from the engine to the drive wheels, change the speed of movement and provide reverse.

When driving in a low gear, the engine is protected from overheating by an additional cooling system. Depending on the motor used and on the wheel formula, the transmission scheme may be different:

Simple. The torque is transmitted through a belt clutch, which is installed on the gearbox.

Complex. To transmit torque, you need to use cardan shafts.

A complex scheme is often used on homemade products with a breakable frame. This is a time consuming option for self-made... This is done wheel formula 4x4 with Niva transfer case.

Steering

For the manufacture of steering, standard spare parts and mechanisms of cars are used. The load on the steering of the mini tractor is less than the load on the steering of the car, so you can use used parts. For manufacturing you will need:

steering wheel;
steering column;
steering gear reducer;
steering rods
steering tips.

During assembly, everything is fixed in a standard way like on a car. The exception is the tie rods, which come from the bipod of the steering mechanism and are connected to the steering tips. They will have to be shortened. This is due to the fact that the track of the mini tractor is less than the track of the car.

To install the steering column and steering gear on the frame, you need to weld the mounting brackets. The height of the steering shaft is selected so that the steering wheel reaches the level of the driver's solar plexus.

Front and rear axle

Axles are used to transfer torque from the propeller shaft to the drive wheels. The track width of the mini tractor is 700-1200 mm, so the standard axles from cars do not fit and need to be improved.

For a minitractor, the rear axle reducer must be equipped with a differential.

To reduce the track, the rear axle stocking is cut on both sides of the gearbox and reduced by the difference in track width. The half-shafts running inside are cut by the same amount.

So that the axle shafts can be connected to the flanges, splines are cut on them.

Or a different approach is used: threads are cut on the half-shafts and on the inside of the flanges, then the half-shafts are screwed into the flange, after which the joints are welded.

In order to fix the rear axle to the frame, a channel is welded onto the gearbox housing. The bridge must be flexible in relation to the frame. For this, the channel and the frame are not fixed rigidly, but through two tie rods.

For a rear-wheel drive mini tractor, the front axle is made in the form of a beam. For this you need:

Prepare rounded fist from Moskvich or Zhiguli assembled with ball bearings.

Cut four 5mm thick plates. Drill holes in them for ball pins.

Screw the plates to the ball joints. Then weld these plates together using corners. Two corners for one steering knuckle.

With the help of a steel pipe with a square cross section of 50x50 mm, we weld into a common structure.

The steering knuckles can be located both on the car and be inverted, if the steering design requires it.

In order for the front beam to have mobility relative to the frame, it must be installed through the hinge. A gimbal, limited by swinging in one plane, will do.

Wheels and brakes

Since standard units from cars are used to build a minitractor, a brake system can be borrowed from them.

In the role of the main brake cylinder you can use the cylinder from the clutch. It is smaller and easier to install. For effective braking, it is enough to install the brakes on one axle.

If the rear axle was taken from the car, then everything you need to connect the brakes is already there. You just need to spend brake pipes from the master cylinder to the workers.

Tank for brake fluid you can take the standard one.

Suitable wheels are 14-inch rims with tractor tires on them.

Mini tractor cab

To protect the driver from moving and rotating parts, you need to install protective covers around the units and make the cab.

For this, a frame made of thin steel pipes of round or square cross-section is welded on the frame. He must form engine compartmentwhich will isolate the engine. Then sheets of tin are screwed onto this frame.

One sheet must be hinged in order to access the motor. It will be the hood.

A good view on the mini tractor is provided by an open cab. It houses the seat and controls. For protection from rain and snow, a removable canopy can be made.

Hydraulics

The hydraulic system is designed to control the attachment. She lowers the plow at the beginning of the furrow and raises it at the end. This system also controls the dozer blade.

Installing a hydraulic drive on a mini tractor will require the following actions:

Install the hydraulic pump. It is driven by a belt drive of the engine. As a pump, you can take a power steering from a car or a gear pump NSh-10. It creates a pressure in the oil line of 160 atm.

Select hydraulic cylinders for attachments and blade. A cylinder from an MTZ tractor and a steering drive from a Niva combine are suitable. When choosing, you need to be guided by the diameter of the piston - the larger it is, the more force the cylinder rod will create.

A hydraulic valve is required to operate the system. For example, P 80-3 / 4 222, which is set to tractors YuMZ, MTZ. It must be placed in the engine compartment, and the control lever must be brought into the cab.

Install the hydraulic cylinders that drive the equipment. To do this, you need to additionally weld the brackets to the frame. When installing the brackets, it must be remembered that the smaller the angle between the vector of force application and the direction of movement of the mechanism, the more powerful the hydraulic cylinder must be.

Connect the power take-off shaft, which is suitable for the gear hydraulic motor ГМШ - 32. The hydraulic motor reducer is installed in any place where the equipment requiring PTO is connected.

The use of the proposed parts is not an axiom; they can be replaced by analogs.

Ant mini tractor

You can assemble the simplest mini-tractor from the outdated cargo motor scooter Ant. Its advantage is a high-torque engine and 4 speeds. The rear-wheel drive can be left as on a scooter, just replace the hubs with automobile ones, to install wheels of larger diameter.

Steering should be done as on cars, using a beam and a steering linkage. This will put more stress on the front and make the structure more stable.

Attachments

Mini tractor attachment allows you to carry out any agricultural work:

plowing;
planting potatoes;
hilling;
cultivation;
hay making;
transportation of goods.

Such equipment as a plow, a hiller, a cart are easy to manufacture. They can be made from scrap materials. However, their price in stores is also low.

Advantages and disadvantages

Self-construction of a mini tractor has several advantages:

Low manufacturing cost. Details are used with obsolete technology.

Interchangeable units and assemblies. You can experiment with their installation as you like, achieving better collaboration.

There is no need to contact the service center in the event of a breakdown.

The hitch can be adapted to any equipment.

Gaining valuable experience.

Disadvantages of DIY:

It is difficult to make a mini tractor with your own hands without qualifications.

Some parts are difficult to find, such as parts for assembling a hydraulic system.

Time spent. To achieve acceptable performance, you will have to spend a lot of time setting up the work of the attachment.

Price and owner reviews

The cost of building a home-made mini-tractor with your own hands is comparable to the price of a walk-behind tractor, which are often converted into a mini tractor. Additionally, rolled metal products are purchased for the manufacture of the frame and the front beam. Spare parts from cars are purchased at auto dismantling stations for a third of the price. Therefore, the cost of homemade products is 4-5 times less than the cost of a factory product.

Not everyone has enough qualifications to make a full-fledged 4x4 tractor the first time, but anyone can build an adapter for a walk-behind tractor and use it as a mini tractor.

Determine which parts and assemblies are available and which are easy to obtain. Consider the design for practical reasons. Some units require turning and milling work. Consider if it is possible to fulfill them.

How to make a homemade mini tractor - assembly instructions, drawings and videos

DIY mini tractor

If you have a house in the village, and even more so you live there permanently, you know what real household chores are. It is simply impossible to do without transport when running a household.

The best for these purposes is a mini tractor, with its help it is possible to ensure the fulfillment of all needs, from digging up land for sowing, to transporting large and small cargoes. But this technique is far from cheap, what to do? There is one option - to make a mini tractor with your own hands.

Yes, the task is not easy, but if you do it, you will save a lot of money, and the satisfaction from the finished machine will come every time you start working with the tractor.

Homemade mini tractor for household with a bent frame

The best option for a homemade mini tractor is a machine with a broken frame. Such a unit consists of 2 parts, rear and front, which are coupled by a special hinge mechanism. In the front part, all control mechanisms are located, as well as the entire chassis.

Control is carried out by means of a steering wheel and hydraulic cylinders, the whole structure bends at a hinge and changes the relative position of the two parts of the tractor.

Thus, if you use this design, you can save on some parts for mounting controls, which are normally located at the rear of the machine.

Differential from loader

The rear of such a mini tractor is much simpler in design than the front.

It consists of a rear axle, which is fixed in cradles on the side members of the semi-axle, on this structure a seat for the driver is installed, and a device for attaching attachments from the Belorus tractor.

The differential and axle shafts can be taken from any loader. Rear suspension can be done, but this is not very practical, usually the damping is achieved by a little pressure in the wheels.

In addition to the simplest design, such a mini tractor has several advantages:

Large production capacity, this device is capable of delivering powers close to big tractor, especially if you assemble an all-wheel drive tractor with an articulated frame;

The ability to turn around in minimal areas, the turning radius of this device is minimal due to the broken frame design. The tractor can be turned 360 degrees in almost one place, this is a particularly useful property when plowing the land;

Low fuel consumption, but this indicator also depends on the design features of the machine, but most often the consumption is minimal;

Relatively low cost of assembly of the unit. If you buy such a tractor assembled at the factory, then the amount will make your eyes crawl onto your forehead. And if you do it yourself, you can get a significant markdown, since structural elements are used for assembly, which can be obtained at the lowest prices.

Drawings - first stage of assembly

Mini tractor drawing
Kinematic diagram of a mini tractor

Before taking on the tools, you need to carefully consider the entire design of the tractor itself and the coupling scheme of its two parts. Correct blueprints are the backbone.

It is best to find reliable drawings from outside sources, since it is very difficult to foresee all design features, because a tractor is a very complex set of interconnected mechanisms.

It is necessary to think over the location of all elements of the system so that they can interact with each other in a quality manner. First of all, the main components of the tractor and the driver's seat are applied to the drawing.

If you are not particularly versed in drawing up drawings, you can ask an experienced locksmith to help you with this problem, and then independently disassemble the plan and make a tractor.

The second stage is reading the drawings and assembling the entire structure

When you have found the necessary drawings, you can proceed to finding the necessary components and assembling them into a single system.

Remember, when looking for parts, pay the most attention to three groups of parts: engine, chassis and gearbox - they must be removed from the same type of equipment, so you will not need to adjust them to each other.

Choice of engine and transmission

UD-2 engine

The choice of suitable engines for a homemade mini tractor does not shine with a variety, most often you have to choose from what is and is most suitable.

Best of all, in terms of economic and production indicators, for installation on a tractor of this design, 2 types of UD-2 or UD-4 engines are suitable, but, in general, diesel engines with one or two cylinders can be used.

You can, if you can find, use the M-67, in its characteristics the main one is a long service life with minimal maintenance costs.

Before installation, such an engine must be upgraded, it increases ratio, it is also necessary to come up with a cooling system, since it does not have one. For cooling, a fan can be installed, which is attached to the crankshaft with a supplied casing to direct the air flow.

Sometimes motors from Muscovites or Zhiguli are used as a power plant. At the same time, when the engines are removed from the cars, the gearbox with the transmission also goes with them, remember, thus, there is no need to carry out adjustment and look for additional parts.

Wheels are selected based on the purposes for which the vehicle is manufactured.

If you plan to use it only for transporting goods, pulling them and other similar work, then you can take discs up to 16 inches.

If you intend to use a mini tractor for field work, it is better to take more massive wheels with rims from 18 to 24 inches in order to improve the quality of wheel traction.

Broken frame

The broken frame consists of two semi-frames, which are hinged by a hinge. To make such a connection, you can use a propeller shaft from a large-sized freight transport, for example, GAZ.

If we talk specifically about GAZ cars, then it doesn't matter which model it will be, because in cardan shafts any of them have practically no design features.

The frame itself is best made of a channel, so it will be strong enough to carry out absolutely any work, and the tractor itself is able to withstand almost any load.

As for the finishing of the tractor, it can be done from a profile of any characteristics. Since the strength, for example, for wings is not the most important indicator.

Some installation features

Hydraulic cylinder

The control system in tractors of this type must be necessarily equipped with hydraulic cylinders, this will significantly improve the controllability of the vehicle. You also need to pay attention to the regulation of the gear ratio, it should be set at low revs. This is done so that the tractor, when performing various works, does not develop too high a speed.

The suspension of all wheels of the tractor is independent and rigid, therefore, so that the wheels of any part, rear or front, do not hang up when passing difficult sections, the frame can be rotated, 15 degrees is enough. This is done by introducing a UAZ swivel into the breaking system; it is installed in the front of the rear semi-frame. To avoid the possibility of a larger overturn on the hinge plate, a limiter is welded.

The result is very practical car, which is able to ensure the fulfillment of all the needs arising from housekeeping. You can easily attach to the tractor all kinds of devices for plowing land, trailers for transporting goods, mowers and other devices.

Everyone can make a mini tractor with their own hands, the main thing is to stock up necessary tool, material and patience.

As a result, a full-fledged multifunctional machine is obtained, which allows to ensure the fulfillment of all the household needs of the owner.

High cross-country ability, ease of use, versatility - these are the advantages that you get after installing a home-made tractor.

DIY mini tractor. Diagrams, drawings, explanations

Choosing the parameters of the future car

Let's consider what factors and parameters determine the stability of the minitractor.

Power point

The master needs to clearly determine what you want to do with a home-made unit and on what area. The power of the power plant will largely depend on this. The experience gained by specialists allows us to recommend:

installation of 4-7 hp engine with an area of \u200b\u200bthe treated area up to 20 acres;
9-17 HP up to 50 acres;
20-40 h.p. up to 4 hectares.

The engine must be equipped with a power take-off shaft for auxiliary equipment to operate.

Chassis, steering and transmission

Most home-made units have a frame structure on two axles with pneumatic wheels. The drive can be on one or both axles. It is advisable to use a mechanical type transmission with a gearbox, clutch unit, cardan shafts and axles from a light car or agricultural machinery.

Having in the presence of sufficient performance hydraulic pump, hydraulic motors, distribution devices and hydraulic power cylinders, it is really possible to equip the unit with a full volumetric hydraulic drive, which will make it possible to abandon mechanical transmissions and simplify the steering scheme.

Examples of developments by DIY masters

Let's turn to the well-known home-made mini tractors that have received decent reviews in the world of self-made agricultural machinery.

Minitractor "Volchok" with a breaking frame

Layout of nodes (Figure 1)

Layout of nodes (Figure 2)

1 - articulated frame hinge mechanism (cardan crosspiece of MAZ car);
2 - drum-type braking mechanism (GAZ-51);
3 - pedal drive of the clutch mechanism;
4 - front axle wheel suspension unit (ZAZ-968);
5 - two-cylinder diesel engine 20 liters. from.;
6 - starter starter (GAZ-51);
7- exhaust suppression unit (ZAZ-968);
8 - electric generator (GAZ-53);
9 - cooling fan;
10 - cooling system pump;
11 - air filter housing;
12 - tank for fuel;
13 - hand brake drive;
14 - crosspiece of the hydraulic system;
15 - battery box;
16 - hydraulic system tank and pump NSh-10;
17 - power take-off;
18 - checkpoint (GAZ-51);
19 - wheel (Belorus);
20 - hoses of the hydraulic system;
21 - hydraulic valve;
22 - hinge unit (Belorus);
23 - operator's place;
24 - gearshift lever;
25 - power steering (electric car);
26 - instrument panel (Belorus);
27 - radiator of the cooling system (Zhiguli);
28 - oil filter;
29 - fuel supply pump;
30 - gas pedal;
31 - wheel (electric car).

Control circuit

a - turn left; b - turn right.

1 - steering wheel with a control unit for a hydraulic turning cylinder; 2 - half-frame stand; 3 - hydraulic cylinder rod fastening unit; 4 - steering cylinder; 5 - back half-frame; 6 - power hinge of the breaking frame; 7 - flexible hoses of the hydraulic system

Making a clutch for a mini tractor

The clutch basket housing is connected to the motor through an adapter with coaxial mounting holes. The device itself is used from the GAZ-51, the mechanism is turned off by a hydraulic drive.

Features of the mini tractor:

units and parts are used from used cars and agricultural machinery;
the frame of the breaking type is assembled from two semi-frames and a cross from the MAZ truck. Provides high cross-country ability and maneuverability of the machine, copying the terrain with pneumatic wheels, directional movement control;
cardan shaft with a pair of end crosses, transmits the power moment from the box to the bridge regardless of the "break" of the frame;
a drum-type service brake is mounted on the box shaft;
the drive axle is used from an electric car, rigidly fixed to the semi-frame;
the front axle suspension is independent. Shock absorbers, springs, levers are applied from ZAZ;
the machine can be converted into tracked and all-wheel drive versions.

The unit "Volchok" is converted into an all-wheel drive mini-tractor with its own hands in the following order:

A transfer case from the GAZ-69 is installed behind the gearbox through an intermediate propeller shaft, which transmits the power moment to the drive axles, the presence of a reduction gear in the device makes it possible to increase the tractive effort if necessary.

A bridge is mounted on the front half-frame - an analogue of the rear axle of a mini tractor.

The main gear of the front axle is connected to the transfer case via a cardan gear.

Do-it-yourself conversion of the "Volchka" into a caterpillar mini-tractor:

Make a caterpillar-type propulsor. For this purpose, a large diameter tire with trimmed sides is used. We use solid rubber wheels from transport trolleys as rollers.

We fix the semi-frames rigidly relative to each other (the power hinge does not work).

We dismantle the front suspension, on the front frame we attach the roller assemblies with the track tensioning mechanism.

We dismantle the rear axle, in its place we install a shortened axle from the GAZ-21 with the main gear and differential, we connect the hydraulic control of drum brakes separately for each side. We install rollers in place of the wheel disks.

Two pedals for controlling the drum brakes of the rear axle, due to the operation of the differential, provide a change in direction.

We dress and tighten the track.

Optional equipment

By making a trailer with your own hands, you will significantly expand the functionality of the minitractor, minimizing financial costs.

The body box is made of planed edged boards connected with screws and metal corners.

To attach the product to the minitractor, an articulated drawbar is used, inserted into the tubular body. The hitch to the vehicle is secured with a chain-type fuse.

TELL YOUR FRIENDS

How to make a mini tractor with your own hands

A DIY mini tractor is an ideal option for a small plot of land in the country. Any novice master can assemble such a device.

The main thing is to have a general idea of \u200b\u200bthe technique and a little experience with it.

Although homemade tractor by technical specifications and is inferior to factory models, but the use of powerful equipment on small plots of land is at least illogical.

Advantages and disadvantages

A home-made mini tractor, made and assembled by hand, is much cheaper than factory models, and in terms of its technical characteristics, even sometimes even exceeds their performance.

It has the following main advantages:

cheap production;
it can be made for personal needs;
parts can be used from old technology.

Such an assistant is used for many purposes.: processing of vegetable gardens and orchards, site cleaning and transportation of goods, etc.

Another advantage of this transport is its quick payback. The money invested can be returned literally in one season, because the parts from which the tractor is assembled can be removed from old and unnecessary equipment or purchased at very low prices - in the case when the parts have already been in use.

If we talk about the shortcomings, then we can note the complexity in the selection of the necessary parts. Also, such a device does not have a guarantee, unlike new purchased models, and in the event of a breakdown, you need to independently carry out repairs and buy the required parts. In addition, such a tractor, as a rule, is assembled from old parts and it is not always possible to find a worthy replacement on the market.

It is not easy to prepare the necessary drawings. To do this, you should have minimal drawing skills and work experience. This is necessary because the tractor will be used with other equipment and it is required to correctly calculate the motor power.

A mini tractor made at home with your own hands must be registered with the traffic police, since when you first enter a public road and stop the device by the police, you can get a large monetary fine, and the tool itself will be subject to confiscation and go to a fine area.

Snow removal equipment for summer cottages when cleaning snowdrifts

Preparation of drawings

Some experienced craftsmen and even novice craftsmen can assemble such a mini-tractor without a drawing, using only previously acquired knowledge and details. But this is most likely an exception, therefore, before building such a homemade product, it is imperative to prepare detailed diagrams and drawings.

If you don't have the skills to draw up drawings, then you can ask your friends to do this work. In extreme cases, you can remember the many schemes posted on the Internet. Moreover, they come with detailed assembly instructions. With such drawings, it is not difficult to make a homemade mini tractor, and the procedure will more resemble the assembly of a children's designer.

It is important to note that not all parts removed from old equipment are ideal for a simple home mini tractor. Some parts will need to be adjusted to the required dimensions. Therefore, it is necessary to make construction diagrams, since it is much more correct and more convenient to explain to the turner and the welder what they need to do with the detail of the future mini-tractor with drawings than to show them on their fingers.

At this stage, you also need to already know which model will need to be assembled on your own at home.

Alternatively, you can take into account the very popular model with farmers and household owners 4x4. This model has two drives and a breakable frame.

This design makes the tractor very passable and maneuverable. The 4x4 model is the best option for mini-farms or small plots of land.

Detailed assembly instructions

After all the diagrams and drawings are ready, you need to collect the necessary materials and tools. The main and irreplaceable parts are the motor, frame, transmission and steering.

Finding such parts is not always possible at home, so if necessary, you can walk around the market or flip through websites selling used spare parts in order to minimize the cost of such a product. On such resources, you can buy at very low prices necessary details.

Frame production

"Breaking", as a rule, is made from conventional channels or metal profiles.

Such material has sufficient elasticity and softness to give the desired shape, but at the same time it is strong enough to hold the weight of the mini tractor with all its components.

Two frame elements are welded from a channel or profile, which, in turn, will be attached with a hinge joint. Alternatively, for these purposes, you can use a cardan from trucks or from a VAZ or the like.

DIY greenhouse from old window frames

If this option is not suitable for the intended tasks, then an all-metal frame can be made.

Typically, such a design will consist of four elements:

left and right side members;
rear traverse and front.

All elements can be made from the same metal profile or channels different sizes... You also need a transverse beam, it can be made from a metal bar.

Installing the engine

In order for the mini-tractor to perform all the functions assigned to it, any engine can be mounted on it, which will have the necessary power for this. The best option for home use would be a motor with a power of about 40-50 horse power... It happens that models of engines from soviet cars, for example, "Zhiguli" or "Moskvich".

In the case when the minitractor will be manufactured according to the 4x4 scheme, and the motor will be used M-67, then some changes must be made in such a motor.

It is necessary to increase the gear ratio of the transmission, otherwise such a motor will not have enough power for the wheelsets.

In addition, such a design often requires an additional cooling system. This will prevent the motor from overheating.

Which transmission to choose

This part can also be replaced with old parts from domestic cars. For example, the gearbox and camshaft can be removed from an old GAZ.

You can also take a clutch from this car model, it is ideal for these purposes. But there are certain nuances here too.

In the factory state, such spare parts will not work and in any case you will need to seek help from a locksmith and turner to fit required sizes.

To connect the clutch and engine, it is necessary to weld new box for adhesion to the required dimensions... The flywheel must be shortened and an additional hole drilled in the center. Such handwheel manipulations can be done on a lathe.

Steering and wheels

Hydraulic cylinders must be prepared for steering.

Thus, you can make a tractor with high controllability with your own hands, since the hydraulics will greatly help when turning the steering column, and the process itself will be easy.

But, unfortunately, it is impossible to make such a system on your own, so in any case you will have to buy it or remove it from other old equipment. It should also be borne in mind that a pump must be purchased to circulate the liquid.

Making a hand cultivator with your own hands

As for the rear axle, it can also be taken from old equipment (passenger or truck) and installed on a mini tractor.

But you need to remember that the axle shafts must be shortened. This can be done on a lathe. If there is no integral factory part from the car, then you can assemble a bridge for a home-made device from different cars.

For the front axle, any node can be used, since it is not the driving one.

The brakes, in turn, are mounted on the rear wheels. They should be leading. The ideal option for these purposes would be to use the factory brake system from the UAZ car.

The brake pads must be installed on the rear wheel discs, and they must be controlled via a pedal inside the cab with a corresponding terminal.

If there is a need for this, the brakes can be made manual, and all controls can be brought to the lever.

The attachment system is an attachment at the rear of the tractor that is used to connect to all implements.

In addition, a specially installed mechanism allows you to turn the shaft, thereby it becomes possible to automate the operation of such devices as a seeder, mower and others.

The most popular and often used option is a DIY three-point homemade tractor hitch.

This hitch includes two rods:

Traction rods can be taken from a passenger car of any year and manufacturer.

Such rods must be attached to a plate, which must be prepared in advance. On one side, they are attached to the plate, and on the other to attachments... Additional thrust will be the third point, which is responsible for the drive of the hydraulic motor. He will transmit torque to additional equipment.

Assembly nuances

Ideal indicators for a mini-tractor assembled with your own hands will be indicators of 2 thousand horsepower at a speed of 2-4 km / h. This data can be achieved by adjusting the transmission.

The device will come out more powerful when each wheel is equipped with a separate gearbox. Thanks to the scheme, there is no need to install a universal joint and differentiation of the rear axle. The wheels will be controlled by the hydraulic system. You can take such equipment from the old MTZ tractor.

Tractor manufacturing with my own hands for household needs is gaining popularity. This is especially true for owners of small land plots or country houses.

The whole reason is that the use of dimensional and powerful tractors on small plots of land is at least illogical and impractical, since such big car will not be able to show all its capabilities, and such a tractor will use a lot of fuel. In addition, it will not be very convenient to use it.

The economy of the solution is also justified by the fact that the purchase of a factory minitractor will cost a round sum, and agriculture is not the most profitable type of business to recoup it in a short time. Therefore, for a novice owner of a summer house with a small plot of land, the ideal option would be to assemble your own tractor from scrap materials.

In addition, production costs are very low and rebound quickly, and performance can be easily compared with factory models of the same units.

But that's only the case when using pretty powerful engine and serviceable, not very old parts. Also, not all craftsmen know how to work with welding or a lathe, so in this case it is better to order the necessary parts from specialists in this field.

The services, of course, are not free, but you will need to pay much less than the ready-made mini tractor costs.

Making a mini tractor for a household is not very difficult. Although this process is time consuming, the effort will not be wasted, and in a year or two, all the invested funds will pay off. In addition, building such a tractor is not an easy task, but quite interesting.

Homemade mini tractors with your own hands - homemade options

A mini tractor and a motorized tractor are agricultural machinery that helps in the process of cultivating the land, planting and harvesting crops, caring for a personal plot.

Thanks to a wide range of attachments, you no longer have to do everything yourself, thereby ruining your health.

In addition, you will have much more free time, and the quality of plant care will be much higher.

Minitractors and motorized tractors are quite expensive today. Not everyone can afford even Chinese models.

However, there is a way out - you can assemble a homemade mini tractor from scrap materials. It is important to have the necessary set of tools, as well as the time and desire to tinker.

Diagrams and drawings will help to make homemade products at home, as well as step by step description the whole process.

Where to start making homemade products?

To make any homemade product, you must first of all study the principle of operation of the mini tractor, its types, features, scope, possibilities. This is necessary so that you can determine for what purpose you need this technique.

A minitractor is a powerful enough technique that performs any task for cultivating land of any type, as well as for caring for cultivated plants, destroying weeds, fertilizing, harvesting, transporting goods, and much more. A homemade mini tractor in its essence will not differ in any way in its technical features from a complete unit from well-known manufacturers.

To build a DIY mini tractor, you first need to create detailed diagram future unit. It is on it that you will be guided in calculating the dimensions, in the location of the working nodes.

You can make a homemade mini tractor yourself, where you can take the following cars as a basis:

Assembling a mini-tractor with your own hands from an UAZ. The constituent elements from the UAZ car are very cheap, so you will not need to spend a lot of money on it. However, the technical characteristics of the machine are perfect for upgrading it into a mini tractor. Four-wheel drive makes the car more convenient and functional;

Homemade product from LUAZ. A mini tractor from LUAZ can be made four-wheel drive with a switchable rear wheel drive... You can take the entire chassis and gearbox from the car;

Homemade product from Zhiguli. A homemade product from Zhiguli is the best option, since this car, which has already outlived its usefulness, will always be found, as well as components for it. The only drawback is working on gasoline, which is quite expensive today, while modern models of mini tractors run on diesel;

Homemade from Oka. An engine is perfect from this car, which will allow the future mini-tractor to fully cope with the tasks set;

From the engine from the walk-behind tractor. The most common and simplest homemade option. In fact, you will only need to upgrade the walk-behind tractor by adding a frame and a cab.

In addition to reworking from different cars, you can make for your homemade mini tractor individual elements, as:

hydraulics. A mini tractor with this device has many advantages. Such equipment will be much more convenient to operate, you will be able to install attachments with a hydraulic drive, significantly improve the braking system. In general, your tractor will be more durable, and its capabilities will increase significantly;
beam / bridge. You can make the front beam for the mini tractor yourself. Often factory models have a weak device that often does not withstand the load. This can be fixed by improving the part with your own hands;
cabin. The mini tractor may not have a cab. However, prolonged work under the scorching sun can negatively affect your health. You can make a cabin that will protect you from direct sunlight, rain, wind;
PTO (power take-off shaft). Required to transfer rotation from the drive to the attachment. There are three types - dependent, independent, synchronous;
the frame is easily made from metal pipes with a diameter of 4 centimeters. To make the structure more durable, special corners are welded in the side parts;
the gearbox will fit from a Skoda car. Other similar options will work, but keep in mind that you must have several speeds forward and at least one speed back;
traction can be made from a motorized carriage;
the steering column can also be taken from a domestic car manufacturer.

Among other things, a mini-tractor with your own hands can be made with different types of engines, such as ZID or UD 25. The first is a four-stroke single-cylinder gasoline engine from air cooled, the second - a four-stroke carburetor gasoline engine. Both are great for self-creation of agricultural machinery, in particular a mini tractor.

Homemade mini tractor and everything to it - the advantages and disadvantages of the prefabricated structure

Homemade mini tractors have a lot of advantages. As mentioned above, the main one is low cost. All components can be taken from old cars, and something can be made from scratch from scrap materials. There are other advantages of this design:

in terms of their functionality, homemade products are no different from factory models. They have the same power, the same abilities;
large agricultural machinery is designed for large areas, and small walk-behind tractors - for small areas. A homemade mini tractor is an excellent option for medium-sized fields where the use of other equipment would be impractical;
while creating a homemade mini tractor, you will learn your techniques inside and out. Therefore, in the future, when you may need another upgrade, you can easily cope with this task. If a breakdown suddenly occurs, you can quickly find its cause and eliminate the malfunction.

Of course, there are also disadvantages. You will have to search for all the constituent elements yourself. You should not take rare parts into use, because in the future it will be very difficult to find a replacement for it. Also, do not use homemade vehicles to move on the roads, so as not to receive a fine for reworking the car.

The presence of a plot of land imposes on its owner the obligation to provide care for it. And one of the urgent tasks that must be solved is tillage. Such work can be done manually if the area of \u200b\u200bthe site is no more than 10 acres, and even then this is already problematic.

For territory large sizes you can use a homemade mini tractorwhich is ideal. At the same time, it is not necessary to purchase a mini-tractor from an official distributor or at a factory, because such equipment can be assembled with your own hands, it is enough to have at least minimal knowledge of technology.

If we compare home-made cars with factory ones in terms of technical characteristics, then the superiority will be on the side of the latter. However, it is still wrong to use the new technique for cultivating small plots of land. Moreover, this is due not only to the high costs associated with the maintenance and purchase of fuels and lubricants. This technique can seriously damage the soil structure. Therefore, a homemade mini-tractor is a much more preferable alternative. Next, we will talk about how to assemble a mini-tractor at home.

Advantages and disadvantages of homemade mini tractors

If you need equipment for processing a land plot, then do not immediately discard the idea of \u200b\u200bcreating a mini-tractor do it yourself. In addition to the fact that you can save a lot of money, you will have the opportunity to make a machine that can demonstrate much more functionality than tractors with more power. A homemade mini-tractor can be a faithful assistant for you, which can be used for plowing vegetable gardens and planting orchards, as well as cultivating sown areas, transporting small-sized cargo and harvesting.

AND the cost of manufacturing such equipment is so smallthat one season of its operation is enough to cover all costs. The fact is that units and mechanisms that can be borrowed from broken equipment or bought at bargain prices are suitable for the manufacture of such a tractor. Some owners often show ingenuity in this matter, and, taking other equipment as a basis, make certain changes to it, as a result of which they have a homemade mini-tractor. Naturally, in this case, you will have to perform even fewer operations in order to assemble a mini-tractor.

True, there are some disadvantages hereto be mentioned. For the manufacture of a mini tractor, certain parts will be required, which may not be so easy to find. Difficulties can also be encountered when certain mechanisms fail, and it is not known whether they will be able to find an equivalent replacement. It must be remembered that for the assembly of such equipment, units and mechanisms are used, borrowed from a long-unreleased equipment. Therefore, it is possible that it will not be possible to find certain details.

An important stage in the manufacture of a homemade mini-tractor is drawing up a drawing. Getting it right requires technical skills and knowledge. You also need to take into account that the mini-tractor will be used with attached and trailed equipment, and therefore the owner will have to calculate the tractive effort of the engine.

Drawing up drawings

Usually, when a person has a desire to assemble any homemade technique, then everything starts with an idea... Some people can do without a work plan presented on paper, relying on their own knowledge of technology. However, not everyone is such a master, so it will be better if you start the process of assembling a homemade mini-tractor by preparing a drawing of the main components.

If it is difficult for you to solve this problem, you can contact your friends if they have already had to do something similar. As a last resort, you can use the Internet and try to find the necessary information there.

After you receive the finished drawing, you can easily assemble a mini tractor. It will not be more difficult than playing with a construction set. Schematically, the work will look like this: you will need to take part A and connect it to part B.

Please be aware that certain components and mechanisms will have to be prepared in advance before assembling the tractor... Bearing in mind that you borrowed them from another technique, most likely their sizes and other characteristics will differ from those required. But, having on hand a ready-made drawing, you can easily modify all the mechanisms, because you will clearly know what they should be.

In the process of drawing up a drawing, it is important to decide the question of what design a mini-tractor should have. Quite often, farmers choose the 4 x 4 break option.

This is a version of the tractor that uses an articulated frame, complemented by a 4-wheel drive. This technique will be an excellent option for processing farms.

How to assemble a mini tractor with your own hands?

After the drawing is drawn up, you can start preparing the necessary parts. You should have the following in stock:

Not every owner will find the above details on his farm. Therefore, be prepared for the fact that you have to go through the flea market, as well as look at sites selling spare parts. Surely on one of them you will find the parts you need at bargain prices.

Frame

For making fractures most often they use metal channel # 5 or # 9... This material is best suited because it has the necessary flexural strength. On the basis of the channel, you will have to make two semi-frames by welding. After that, they are connected to each other using hinges. A propeller shaft of a truck can be used as fasteners.

Perhaps a break will not work for someone. In this case, an all-metal frame can be an alternative. As part of this design, the following elements are present: right and left side members and front and rear cross members.

To create side members, you can take channel number 10... And to make the rear and front traverses, you can use channels No. 16 and No. 12. The crossbeam can be made of a metal bar.

Engine

On a homemade mini tractor any engine can be installed, the main thing is that it has the necessary power. In order for home-made equipment to be able to cope with all tasks, it is best to equip it with a 40 hp power unit. from.

In most cases, the following types of motors are used for homemade mini tractors:

Also, instead of them, you can borrow an engine from domestic passenger cars of the Zhiguli or Moskvich brands.

In that case, if you decide to stick with the 4 × 4 option, then you will have to modify the M-67 motor: you need to increase the transmission ratio. If this is not done, then the power power unit will be insufficient for the technique to move. Also make sure that the motor is equipped with an additional cooling system.

Transmission

As a gearbox and power take-off shaft, you can borrow the necessary mechanisms from the GAZ-53 car. The clutch can be taken from the GAZ-52. Keep in mind that these nodes will need to be modified.

One of the challenges you need to accomplish at this stage is to keep the clutch in sync with the engine. For this the new clutch basket is being welded, after which it is finalized, giving the required dimensions. Certain manipulations will have to be performed with the engine flywheel, in which you need to shorten the rear plane, and also create a hole in the center. If your farm has a lathe, then you can easily perform these operations.

Steering

Considering that this mechanism is intended for use on a mini-tractor, it has there must be hydraulic cylinders... In this case, your homemade technique will be more manageable. Keep in mind that the hydraulic system is a complex mechanism, so you cannot make it yourself at home. Therefore, you will need to find suitable agricultural equipment and borrow from it the hydraulic system available there. For normal work hydraulics, oil must flow into it, and therefore you need to get a pump.

Rear axle

This you can borrow a mechanism from a car or a truckand then put it on your homemade mini tractor. However, first you have to modify it: you need to reduce the axle shafts with a lathe.

In the event that you do not find a ready-made bridge, you can collect it from different cars. Keep in mind that the rear axle will act as the driver. Therefore, for the front, you can use any available mechanism, the main thing is that it matches the required dimensions.

Wheels

Looking for wheels for a mini tractor, consider their radiusthat should be consistent with the purpose of using the technique.

If you are going to transport goods with this machine, then it is best to choose discs with a radius of 13 to 16 inches.
If you need a mini-tractor to carry out agricultural work, then it is recommended to install wheels of 18-24 radius on it.

Conclusion

Private farms have to solve many problems every yearrelated to care land plot... To spend less time and effort on such work, you need special equipment. Buying a factory tractor is not affordable for everyone, so many are considering the option of making a homemade mini-tractor with their own hands. It is not so difficult to make such a machine, since components and mechanisms from other types of technology are used for it. However, to assembled machine turned out to be in working order, first you need to draw up a drawing and adhere to it throughout the entire assembly process.

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