ATVs can be equipped with two types of engines: electric and gasoline. Electric motors have less power and low energy reserves. If you take the average ATV with an electric motor, the range is about an hour, and then you need to recharge the batteries for a long time. In this regard, children's ATVs are equipped with this type of motor.

The most common ATV engines

Gasoline engines are most widely used in ATVs. They deliver high power, which, together with the transmission, is converted into high torque. Thanks to this, ATVs feel so great on any off-road. Also, an important indicator is the power density (power per unit mass). The low weight of the motor unit paired with a good engine allows the four-wheelers to show amazing cross-country ability. For ATVs, motors with a working volume of about 49 - 900 cubes are used. Of course, there are smaller volumes that are intended for children's versions of devices.

The difference between gasoline engines for ATVs

ATV gasoline engines can be divided into two large groups: two-stroke and four-stroke. The difference between these two types is that in a two-stroke engine, the piston makes one working cycle per movement. In a four-stroke engine, injection, compression, detonation, and exhaust are performed in two piston strokes. Based on this, we can say that a two-stroke engine produces more power with the same cylinder volume. For example, one of the most common ATVs, the Stels ATV 300, is equipped with a four-stroke engine. Many people think that two-stroke engines need to be filled with oil. However, this is not a completely correct judgment, since there are many engines that do not require this, for example, Catarpillar engines do not require oil in gasoline. Of course, talk that two-stroke engines produce more harmful substances is true, but you should understand that this is due to a higher frequency of fuel combustion in the cylinder. It can be noted that mechanical engineering technologies are today so developed that the emissions of different types of motors differ little and are minimized.

ATV engine maintenance

The performance of the power unit depends directly on the quality of service and frequency. Service maintenance of two-stroke engines is carried out much more often compared to four-stroke ones. This is primarily due to the fact that more frequent combustion of the air-fuel mixture occurs in the cylinder. As a result, a higher engine operating temperature is achieved. Such factors lead to faster wear of parts of the power unit operating in a two-stroke cycle.

Therefore, when purchasing an ATV with a two-stroke engine, be prepared for more frequent service and purchase of spare parts. The indisputable advantage of a two-stroke engine is its low weight and simplicity. But at the same time, there are many disadvantages: high oil and fuel consumption, high vibration and noise. For example, the Omaks Dragon ATV-024-15 ATV is equipped with a two-stroke engine.

However, athletes and ATV enthusiasts pay little attention to the collection of the engine; the most, perhaps, the main point in the choice is the power output. In terms of power, it can be noted that a two-stroke engine is superior to a four-stroke engine with the same volume.

Was going purely for entertainment purposes, so the author focused on industrial ATVs and the collection of his car. However, there are a number of design differences that have a positive effect on the cross-country ability of the all-terrain vehicle and significantly distinguish it against the background of standard ATVs.

The machine has excellent cross-country ability and reliability, largely due to its low weight.

During the construction of this model of a homemade ATV, the following parts and materials were used:
1) water pipe with a diameter of 32 mm
2) pipe 27 mm
3) Internal combustion engine from the car Oka 11113
4) Gearbox from the same oki
5) front and rear gearboxes from the classic vase
6) hubs and grenades from vaz 2109
7) fiberglass

Let's consider in more detail the stages of building this all-terrain vehicle:

The suspension of an all-terrain vehicle of a home-made design is organized using A-shaped arms, which are made of a pipe with a diameter of 27 mm.

The engine and gearbox from the car was installed, the differential was welded.

The gear ratio ratio of the front and rear gears is 43 to 11, they were redesigned for internal grenades from the fret of the nine.

Hubs and disc brakes from the VAZ 2109 were installed, and the wheels were supplied with a 15 radius through spacers.

Initially, it was planned to make the grip on the handlebars as in motorcycles, but then it was still decided to make it under the left foot, despite the unusual solution for an ATV, it turned out to be quite convenient according to the author. That is, there are no problems with shifting gears on the go. Moreover, the all-terrain vehicle is able to get under way in any gear, even with a passenger on board, the engine power is quite enough. Therefore, the gears are not changed so often, when driving on the road, only the third and fourth gears are used, and off the road, respectively, the first and second as low gears.

A transfer case of the author's own design was organized, thanks to which it became possible to disconnect the front axle. Below is a photo of the entire front axle release mechanism, where you can see the main elements of the parts:

Work was carried out on the rear suspension of the all-terrain vehicle:

The frame of the machine for pasting with fiberglass is being prepared:

The process of fixing fiberglass on the machine:

Then the author proceeded to paint the all-terrain vehicle:

The weak point of the design, as you can see from the photographs, is the anthers on the grenades. The author has not yet decided how exactly to protect them from possible breaks.

The next photo clearly shows the gear selection mechanism, as you can see in the photo, the lever was a little distant from the engine, since before that it was installed closer and the author often burned himself against the muffler, especially there was a high probability of such an injury when engaging in reverse. For now, the problem has been completely fixed by moving the lever:

There is no photo on the radiator yet, but what exactly are you interested in?

The radiator of the all-terrain vehicle is hidden under the plastic right in front of the instrument panel, despite the fact that the hole, which there is very small, is quite enough for cooling the car. However, problems can arise when driving through heavy mud, since the hole is easily clogged, and cooling from the incoming air does not work. But the fan copes with such a load, although the all-terrain vehicle is not operated on heavy mud. In addition, the fan turns on only under really heavy loads, which is extremely rare.

The reason for this is that the device itself turned out to be quite light and the engine from the oka copes well with the loads.

Below is a photo of the radiator placement:

The all-terrain vehicle has an approximate mass of about 450 kilograms.
Video of tests of the all-terrain vehicle when driving on snow:

If you watched the video, you probably noticed that the rear wheel is slipping by as much as several meters, which should say about the operation of the rear differential. In this, this all-terrain vehicle is very different from industrial ones, since they have no rear differential and the rear axle always row, which does not interfere with ATV handling, since the width of the vehicle is small.

The author also wanted to initially weld the rear differential, but thought that he would always have time to do this, and decided to try to ride with a differential for now. But since the cross-country ability of the all-terrain vehicle was arranged and there were no problems with the rear axle, the author had no desire to disassemble the structure and weld the rear differential.

That is why the all-terrain vehicle has remained with a rear differential.

The only author is planning to install more serious wheels on the all-terrain vehicle. Or remove the 15 disc stands by installing 4 x 100 bolt discs from Logan or Opel, which perfectly fit VAZ hubs.

An ATV from a store is not a pleasure available to everyone. Therefore, many craftsmen make quadrics with their own hands. And in this article we will tell you about the most interesting ones.

In the manufacture of an ATV, everything that can be found in the garage and nearby can be useful. Each vehicle made by hand is unique and individual, so it is difficult to talk about drawings and diagrams.

Few people describe in detail the process of building their offspring, which makes it extremely difficult to find specific information. But there are also exceptions.

How to make an ATV with your own hands

in 2012, the talented designer S. Pletnev shared the drawings and nuances of the construction of his brainchild.

What was used in the design of the vehicle:

• Front and rear wheels from Niva Chevrolet 15 inches
• Engine a-m Oka
• Oka gearbox
• Interwheel reduction gears from the rear axles of the VAZ "classics"
• CV JOINT from the car VAZ-2108, 12 pieces
• Fuel tank, 20L canister
• Passenger support from Oka's headrest
• Clutches from the Oka
• Ural motorcycle steering wheel
• Instrument panel from the car Oka

The main technical characteristics of the ATV:

ATV drawings:

The transmission is made of AvtoVAZ units with some modifications. For example, a chain drive was used instead of the main pair to reduce speed and increase torque.

Interwheel gearboxes are borrowed from the classics, the axle shafts were removed and replaced with CV joints from the front drive vase. Also, constant velocity joints are used in other transmission units.

Independent suspension on triangular cross levers. Shock absorbers from the Oka.

Self-made muffler of 2 sections, insulated with asbestos.

The body kit is made of fiberglass. It took 10 kg of epoxy resin, 1 kg of plasticizer and the same amount of hardener to create such a plastic. 15 meters of fiberglass and 5 meters of glass mat.

ATV body kit - fiberglass. I pasted it for the first time, and therefore first studied the recommendations for performing the relevant work. But as it turned out, this process is painstaking, although the result is worth it.

Bumpers and kenguryatniki are welded from 20mm round tubes.

Photo of the finished ATV:

Material based on the article: http://modelist-konstruktor.com/razrabotki/853

ATV from motorcycle

This quad is based on the Ural motorcycle.

All the details in the video.

ATV with IZH Jupiter engine. A handout from a motorcycle Ant.

ATV Cobra MIX

Generator, forced cooling, lowering, electric starter from a dozen, engine from a Ural motorcycle.

Video of a homemade ATV in action:

Homemade buggy "Raptor"

Homemade ATV with an Oka engine

Unfortunately, not every person has the opportunity to purchase an ATV in the store. All more or less interesting models are now quite expensive, and buying a supported ATV is always a certain risk. In this regard, many motorcycle enthusiasts advise to make a four-wheeled all-terrain vehicle with their own hands, using an engine and spare parts from some old Soviet motorcycle. Earlier, we have already told you about how to make an ATV from a Ural motorcycle. In today's article, we'll talk about other donors that you can use if you decide to assemble an ATV with your own hands.

Why is it worth assembling an ATV with your own hands?

Assembling a four-wheeled all-terrain vehicle with your own hands definitely helps to solve several problems. The first reason people decide to make a homemade ATV is of course a small budget. If you analyze the market prices for ATVs, you can understand that such vehicles can be considered almost a luxury. Prices for the simplest and low-power models start at 150 thousand rubles, for example, the Yamaha Blaster YFS200. In principle, such a single "quadric" will be enough, but the power will always be in short supply.

But models of ATVs with engines with a volume of 500-800 cm 3 will cost much more, about 500 thousand rubles. You can also consider Chinese models, such as the Russian manufacturer Stels, but you will have to follow them well. New all-terrain vehicles of this brand will cost about 300-400 thousand rubles, but the engines are already much more interesting - 45-70 hp.

Nuances when operating a homemade "quadric"

If you definitely decided to make an ATV with your own hands, then you should know about the intricacies of its operation. In principle, if you need an all-terrain vehicle to ride in impassable places, where there have never been patrol cars, then there is probably nothing to worry about. You will have to face problems if you plan to drive even in small settlements, which are sometimes visited by patrol cars. Having caught you without documents for this vehicle, then with a probability of 99% it will be taken away from you. The whole difficulty lies in registering a homemade ATV, because the traffic police will most likely refuse you. In an amicable way, you can register a homemade product, but it is extremely difficult to do it. Therefore, assembling a homemade ATV only makes sense if you operate it in some wilderness.

Decide on the choice

So how to make an ATV with your own hands? When creating a homemade ATV, we need to decide on a donor, that is, a motorcycle that will form the basis of our project. Old Soviet motorcycles are perfect for a four-wheeled all-terrain vehicle. From them we can borrow an engine with a gearbox, a frame, a steering wheel and, if desired, such details as a tank, a seat and other elements. Since we already had an article about a homemade ATV from a Ural motorcycle, in this review we will talk about how to make an ATV based on the IZH motorcycle.

For our purpose, almost all motorcycle models from the Izhevsk plant are suitable for us. The only thing that is important to understand is the engine power. Still, the end result will be a fairly heavy structure, so the best solution would be to use the latest models - IZH Jupiter 5 or IZH Planet 5. It makes no sense to consider more interesting models, like IZH Planet Sport, because finding them is quite difficult, and if possible , it is better to restore them, because the motorcycle is quite rare and interesting. We turn to the main thing, how to make an ATV and what is needed for this.

Rear suspension

Once you have decided on a donor, in our case it is IZH Jupiter 5, you need to completely disassemble the motorcycle. After disassembling, we need a frame on which everything was held, including the engine. It is quite logical that in order to increase the reliability of the structure, the frame must be strengthened in several places.

Now it is necessary to weld the rear axle so that instead of a wheel, a bearing block with a chain drive can stand on the axle. An example, you can see in the photo. As a suspension, you can use ordinary shock absorbers from a motorcycle, and parts from an old Lada car are suitable for the rear axle. You can go a more complicated way and install a monoshock, but then again you will have to look for spare parts from the car, for example, from the same Zhiguli or Oka.

Front suspension

Once the rear suspension is complete and installed, you can move on to the front of the bike, which is a little more complicated. In the case when we were dealing with the rear suspension, we had the opportunity to choose how much the shock absorber will be installed. When creating the front suspension, we only have one option - to use two shock absorbers.

Oka's car is perfect for the role of a donor for the front of the ATV. From it we need shock absorbers, swivel units and a steering linkage. However, be prepared for the fact that the parts will still have to be changed - to weld on, saw off, saw off something. Also a good and simpler option would be to install a monoblock with fixed wheel planes. Then you don't have to look for a steering linkage, couplings, joints and other spare parts.

The all-in-one is a really simple option, as installation takes literally an hour. The only drawback of this front suspension design is the heavier mechanism. The steering wheel will be slightly more difficult to turn than with a suspension with shock absorbers.

Engine

Many wondering how to make an ATV with their own hands, understand that it is worth starting with the engine. Indeed, the main detail in the future ATV is the engine. The final result, and the whole structure in general, depends on how powerful it will be. Of course, you can leave the engine from the donor's motorcycle, but in the end the "quad" will not be as powerful. If you get a little more serious about creating an all-terrain vehicle, then installing a more powerful engine would be an excellent solution. We hope we have answered your question on how to make an ATV yourself.

The ATV is an all-wheel drive car and a motorcycle, an enduro-cross bike, in one bottle. The features of this type of transport are compactness, tires with recessed treads for better off-road grip, 1-2 seats and no roof over your head. This type of transport first appeared in Japan in the 1970s and won the hearts of many off-road romantics. Such transport will interest hunters, fishermen, and those who like to conquer impassable terrain. Many of us dream of such a toy for adults. We will tell you how you can make your dreams come true with your own hands.

Choosing an engine for an ATV

The most important part for your ATV will be the powertrain. Motorcycle engines are most often used (they are economical and small in size). For example, an engine from the "Ural" or "Minsk", IL "Planet" or IL "Jupiter" will do. You can adapt the engine from "VAZ" or "Oka" to your ATV. To avoid overheating the engine in the heat, you need to choose a model with an air-cooled system. The most popular option is to carry over vehicle forced cooling.

Retrofitting an existing frame or blueprints from scratch

Before any undertaking, an action plan and a design drawing or a finished frame are needed. If you yourself are friends with mathematical calculations, then you can calculate everything yourself. If you can't make a drawing, then you can contact a specialist or look for a design scheme that suits you on the Internet.

The easiest way is to take a finished motorcycle frame as a basis and weld all the missing parts onto it. The order of your actions is as follows: dismantle the old motorcycle. We only leave the frame. Cut off the rear part of the frame with the pendulum fork mount. We extend the frame with pipes and weld the bridge (use jibs and kerchiefs). Pre-flip the automobile axle so that the quadric can go forward, not backward (because on the "Ural" gearbox at the output the direction of rotation is reversed).

Remember that the axle gearbox must be easy to remove in case of replacement. We are looking for spare parts from a passenger car: 2 front hubs, a rear axle (so that the discs match the fasteners with the hubs), a propeller shaft, front suspension arms, transverse tie rods, a ¾ inch round water pipe.

If there is no donor motorcycle, then the frame is best made of durable alloys: pipes, profiles, spot welded together. For the supporting parts of the frame, you can buy water pipes (VGP 25 × 3.2). You must have equipment that allows you to bend the pipes in the right place. For the body, we cook a frame from a 70 × 40 pipe. The length should not be shorter than the spring, and the width should correspond to the size of the bridge. When using jibs, do not forget about the torsional rigidity of the structure.

We connect the cardan with the box with the "Ural" rubber coupling. Through the crosspiece of the hinge, we connect the cardan to the bridge with a flange. If the donor was IL, then the drive is carried out by the native chain.

If your quad will have springs on shock absorbers, then leave the rear suspension swingarm with the silent blocks. Weld the bridge to the fork (remember to reinforce the seams with wide kerchiefs to prevent sweat vomiting). Instead of a universal joint, use a semi-axle from the Oka or VAZ. We leave the springs with shock absorbers as they are, do not touch them. When the frame structure is ready, we proceed to fasten the engine to the bottom of the frame using bolts. The engine can be located both in the back and in the front (no difference). The muffler can be homemade, two-piece.

Now we mount the transmission on the rear wheels so that no backlash is formed. The drive comes with the engine from an old motorcycle. Wheels on the quad can be supplied from "Niva". If you need a trunk, you can weld it from thin-walled steel pipes. The bumper can be replaced by "kenguryatniki".

Control type

To keep your ATV safe in operation, you will have to take care of the type of control. Your ATV can have 2 types of controls: a steering wheel (we take the basis from the car - steering rods) and a steering wheel from a used motorcycle (lever and shaft). The steering shaft can be made from a tube with a diameter of 20 mm and a wall thickness of 2.8 mm. Place a travel stop at the lower end. Thus, at the bottom, the shaft rests on a thrust bearing, and in the middle it turns in a split nylon bracket-sleeve.

Suspension: front and rear

Your ATV can be fitted with either rear or front suspension. For the rear suspension, the following solution is suitable:

1. To make the design lightweight and simple, you need a gear-cardan system. There is no differential in this case.

2. The structure will turn out to be very heavy if you use a road bridge (it has to be shortened). In this case, there is a differential that will be needed when driving.

For the front suspension, you can take as a basis the suspension from the "Ural" or IZH. Installing the front suspension is more time-efficient - it is faster than four-wheel drive, where you need the help of professional turners, electricians, welders (some revision will be needed).

To attach the swing arms, the motorcycle frame is extended at the front. It must be installed so that the turning wheels do not touch the engine cylinders. Therefore, on the frame of the Ural, the wheels are put further forward. To increase the geometric cross-country ability, the suspension arms should be as long as possible(you need to make these yourself). To the steering column (made of the "Ural" cardan) at the bottom we weld two steering bipods next to it: on the right and left wheel. The hubs are attached by means of native ball.

When installing the A-pillar, remember to tilt the rack. This will prevent the steering wheel from knocking out on bumps and will help to bring the steering wheel back into place when cornering. If there is no tilt, you can coast by inertia, returning the rudder to the opposite position on the road will be very problematic.

All-wheel drive ATV

For an all-wheel drive ATV you will need:

- drive from a mechanical transmission with a power take-off gear to the front wheels;

Wheel differentials;

Front-wheel steering (like a car);

Independent suspension (you can also multi-link) or dependent suspension.

If it is not possible to assemble everything yourself, take the suspension from the "Oka" or front-wheel drive VAZs. We cook the frame from scratch for the Oka engine. In the front suspension, we leave room for the front wheel drive gearbox. You can do it yourself: cut off the "stockings" of the bridge and remove the suitable axle shafts from the VAZ from the differential. We turn the engine backwards. Now the axle shafts have become cardan shafts that drive the front and rear axles.