By the mid-1950s, the question arose of replacing the most massive medical car in the country, the PAZ-653 with a new, no less roomy, but more compact and economical model. The design bureau of promising cars NAMI, headed by Yuri Aronovich Dolmatovsky, proposed to build it using a new all-wheel drive GAZ-69 as a chassis. But in order to achieve the necessary spaciousness of the body, it was required to give the car wagon layout, seat the driver and front passenger over the front axle. The first prototypes of the future UAZ-450 appeared by the summer of 1956: two medical vehicles and one cargo van.

The external form was developed by Dolmatovsky's student Vladimir Aryamov. But his design delights horrified everyone. The sloping roof made it difficult to place a stretcher with patients, which caused objections from military doctors. Technologists met the most complex shape of the front part of the body with hostility. The designers-bodyworkers of UAZ have corrected these shortcomings. The height of the roof was increased, the front end was thought up convenient for production. This is how the now-known silhouette of the Ulyanovsk "loaf" was born.

In 1958, the UAZ-450 went into series production, first on a minimal, then on an ever-increasing scale. In the first year, the medical modification was in the minority - 250 cars against 778 UAZ-450 and 412 vans flatbed trucks UAZ-450D. But already in the next 1959, the medical vehicle became the leader in its family - 2,696 copies against 406 vans and 1,500 trucks. At the beginning of the 60s, the UAZ-450A became the most popular of the cabover vehicles. The plant produced 4.5-5 thousand "nurses" annually, while the production of vans and trucks was kept at the level of 1.5-2 thousand vehicles of each modification.

UAZ-450A, like PAZ-653, accommodated up to four patients on a stretcher. But compared with the van on the "lawn" chassis, it was light, compact, economical, with a modern all-metal body and a "passenger" engine, and most importantly - with four-wheel drive... In the 60s, UAZ medical “loaves” worked at ambulance car depots even in Moscow. And in the Moscow region, they soon formed the basis of the medical transport park.

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Meanwhile, the designers in Ulyanovsk were thinking about improving their car. It seemed attractive to replace the Pobeda's low-valve engine with a cylinder diameter increased from 82 to 88 mm with the Volga's overhead valve engine, which is more powerful, economical and at the same time lighter. For this, it was necessary to completely rebuild the chassis and partially change the layout. First of all, the frame spars, curved over the bridges, like in the GAZ-69, were replaced with straight ones. Power unit shifted back and tilted slightly. This made it possible to combine the gearbox and transfer case into one unit. The steering gear was completely changed and a number of other innovations were introduced. The updated engine cooling system entailed a restyling of the front panel. A second door appeared on the starboard side. The new UAZ-452 family was released in 1965, then the first 198 sanitary UAZ-452A appeared.

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For many decades, UAZ medical “loaves” have faithfully served in civilian ambulances and in military hospitals. In 1981, together with the entire family, the "nurse" underwent modernization: new brakes, electrical equipment that meet European requirements lighting devices, a closed engine cooling system and a new UAZ-3962 index. It is interesting that it was on the basis of UAZ that the Lugansk car assembly plant, which specialized in medical transport, produced special car for transportation of premature newborns PNN-452A. In areas of the former USSR with bad road conditions there is no replacement for the medical UAZ to this day.

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RAF: more comfort, less cross-country ability

Almost simultaneously with the appearance of the Ulyanovsk cabotniks, the RAF Riga bus factory, which had previously produced medium-sized buses on the GAZ-51 chassis, began manufacturing minibuses on passenger units. The first batches of RAF-977 and then RAF-977V were built manually according to experimental production technologies, using Volga GAZ-21 units. And the very first medical "rafik" was made ... by the military! One minibus was brought to Bronnitsy, to the Research Institute-21 of the Automotive Tractor Directorate of the Ministry of Defense, the seats were removed from the passenger compartment and four stretchers were traditionally installed in it. Military doctors appreciated the high smoothness of the car with an independent front suspension and soft springs at the rear, but noted that its cross-country ability was insufficient. Why surprise: the car is designed for paved roads.

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By the forces of the repair services of the ambulance car depots, single copies of the RAF-977V were converted into medical vehicles and even equipped with resuscitation equipment. Despite the still "raw" design of the base model with a number of flaws, the doctors were delighted. Finally, they got a car, more comfortable than all the previous ones, and roomy enough.

RAF-977V

In 1962, the Riga factory mastered not experimental, but industrial production of the modernized RAF-977D minibus. Taking into account the experience of amateur creativity, the designers thought about creating a serial medical modification. In 1964, the first 400 RAF-977I machines were born.

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Finally, the developers are concerned not with the number of wounded who can be transported during hostilities, but with the comfort for the patient and the convenience of the line ambulance brigade. The stretcher was placed on a table that could be raised, lowered, or pulled out of the car through the back door. Loading was facilitated by a folding step in place of the rear bumper. The seats of three doctors or accompanying persons were installed around the patient at a convenient distance. The fourth medical professional sat with the driver in the cab. The salon was equipped with an artificial respiration apparatus, a device for measuring blood pressure, anesthetic and oxygen inhalers. Other equipment was also installed “in the field” depending on the specifics of the team's work. A Polish-made orange beacon appeared on the roof. A traditional lantern with a red cross was placed on the left, and symmetrically on the right - a search headlight, rotating which a medic sitting in the cockpit could illuminate house numbers.

Outwardly, the medical "rafik" was different from the usual one. The passenger modification had five windows behind the cockpit on each side, while in the medical vehicle the windows closest to the "tail" on each side were flush-mounted with solid panels, and there were four windows left.

In December 1968, the RAF modernized the body of the minibus. Five narrow side windows gave way to three wide ones with sliding glass, the side door became much wider. On the equipment of the cabin, the arrangement of the cabin and the location of the light signaling devices new car RAF-977IM did not differ from its predecessor. Since the mid-60s, "ambulance" in big cities has been clearly associated with the Riga minibus.

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Throughout the first half of the 70s, a new territory of the RAF in Jelgava was built with a modern conveyor, which made it possible to produce minibuses in a much larger number. And for the new plant, the designers were preparing a model of the new generation RAF-2203 using not GAZ-21 units, but GAZ-24. Among the experimental machines of 1972-1974, there was certainly a medical version, developed taking into account the operating experience of machines of the previous generation. In 1976, with the launch of the assembly line in Jelgava, the time came for the most popular medical vehicle in the USSR RAF-22031. The share of ambulances in the annual production volume reached 60%, which made it possible to fully satisfy the demand for medical vehicles. RAF-22031 vehicles had to take part in historical events: joyful, like the Moscow Olympics, and terrible, like the Chernobyl accident.

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In the early 80s, the Ministry of Health raised the issue of creating a domestic resuscitation vehicle. In 1979, Avtoexport signed a contract with the Finnish company Tamro for the re-equipment of RAF and UAZ minibuses for delivery to the USSR. Unusual "rafiki" of the poisonous yellow color "Citron". In order for the doctors to stand upright while providing assistance on the road, the roof height had to be greatly increased. On top of the minibus "put on" a voluminous "cap". There was no glazing on the left side - there were shelves with various medical instruments and accessories. Seats and stretchers were purchased from European firms. There were several complete sets of RAF-Tamro buses of various specialties (cardiological, traumatological, obstetric and gynecological and others). Although the re-equipment of one machine cost about 40 thousand dollars, the state allocated these funds to the Ministry of Health, since the RAF-Tamro special vehicles made it possible to save the lives of thousands of patients. A similar resuscitation vehicle based on UAZ was less widespread, but it was also mass-produced by Tamro and was found in operation.

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Before the collapse Soviet Union residents of Riga managed to complete the restyling of their minibus. The basic passenger model received the RAF-22038 index. The medical version was given a separate name RAF-2915. And also, in order to get rid of import dependence, we have developed our own resuscitation vehicle similar to the Tamro RAF-2914, also with a high roof. Only domestic equipment was installed on it.
ZIL-118 "Youth" "1962-70

Already the third sample of "Yunost" was made in the form of a ZIL-118A medical bus with an unprecedented set of equipment. The spacious salon allowed doctors to walk around the patient, to sit on either side. The stretcher table could be adjusted as desired. There was a washbasin, refrigerator, and disinfection chamber. The list of aid devices was very long. The roof device can be called a real fantasy. The middle part rose up on leather furs - a real accordion, which was made by a musical instrument factory that produced button accordions and accordions. It was possible to perform a surgical operation in the car, and without fear of road irregularities. The smoothness of the ZIL-118 was perfect.

The machine made a shocking impression on the participants of the international congress of surgeons in Kiev in 1964. She successfully passed tests in an ambulance in Moscow, and then in Leningrad, and later served at the ZiL factory hospital. By order of the 4th Main Directorate of the USSR Ministry of Health, the plant built two more of the same cars in 1968.

In 1971, the second generation "Youth" ZIL-118K appeared. A medical bus based on it was made with an increased roof height, also equipped with the latest medical technology. Two copies of the ZIL-118KA were built by the 6th ZiL mechanical assembly shop in April 1978. But the tests showed the unsuitability of this machine for the 4th control, and instead of departmental clinics, both copies were sent to ordinary hospitals: one to the Institute of Emergency Medicine. Sklifosovsky, the other - to the Central Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics CITO. And for the 4th government department, the plant during the 80s manufactured four ZIL-118KS medical buses with a standard roof height. They were equipped with medical equipment from leading European companies.

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By the mid-90s, foreign cars replaced RAFs. In Moscow Mercedes-Benz, in St. Petersburg - Ford Transit... And then it was time for the Gazelles. In addition to the medical modification of the GAZ-32213, which was produced by GAZ itself, there were many "ambulances" based on the Nizhny Novgorod "carriage" produced by various companies. But the Moscow "ambulance", in the end, made a choice in favor of foreign cars Mercedes-Benz and Volkswagen.

This year the Healthcare exhibition turned out to be rich in premieres. The most significant novelty in terms of form and content is the mobile health center - a joint work of the engineers of GAZ Group and the Nizhny Novgorod company Factory of Composites. Unlike the prototype previously shown at the Health of the Nation forum, the current version was shown as a certified serial sample. Medical vehicle consists of two modules: a GAZelle NEXT tractor vehicle and a trailer with tandem axles. The presence of two independent sections, equipped with the necessary set of medical equipment and life support systems, allows specialists of different profiles to simultaneously work with patients in comfortable conditions (two full-fledged offices with an area of \u200b\u200b8 m 2 with a separate entrance and an independent bathroom). Another possibility of using the novelty is a mobile fluorographic complex with the appropriate equipment in one of the modules.

The mobile health center presented by the GAZ Group will ensure that qualified medical care is closer to the population in remote regions.

GAZ Group also showed a B-class ambulance vehicle based on the GAZelle NEXT all-metal van 6157 mm long. However, this car is no longer a novelty.

But at the stand of the Nizhny Novgorod special vehicle plant "Industrial Technologies" (part of the PG Samotlor-NN), as always, there were only new items. The special attention of the guests of the exhibition was attracted by the compact "A" class ambulance based on the Citroen Jumpy - a car that can easily work in cramped urban conditions. In a small salon (length 2560, width 1580 and height 1320 mm) there are two reclining seats, a receiving device for a wheelchair with removable stretchers, a ceiling handrail with brackets for an infusion system, as well as cabinets and a mezzanine for medicines. The overall height of the car is only 1.95 m, which allows the car to enter underground parking lots and garages without any problems. It should be noted that the Citroen Jumpy van has become more often used as a base for ambulances. Confirmation of this could be seen at the stands of other exhibitors.

A compact "ambulance" based on the Citroen Jumpy will benefit from tight urban environments.

The second exhibit of the "Industrial Technologies" plant - class "A" ASMP based on Lada largus... A model called Lada Kub was first introduced in 2015 and has already sold in large numbers in Russian regions. Its features are: extended rear overhang and a high plastic roof on a metal frame. This year, Promtech engineers made some changes to the design of the car: the glass area increased, a more aesthetic plastic body kit was added, etc. The medical compartment of the ambulance is equipped with a receiving device for a wheelchair with a removable stretcher and an attachment for a chair stretcher. Space for additional stretchers is optionally equipped. LED strips are used as ceiling lighting. Also at the stand of the company "Industrial Technologies" was presented a car "Medsluzhba" based on Lada Largus. Due to the possibility of transforming the interior, this car can be operated in three versions: medical, passenger and cargo.

Lada Kub: AIPS based on Lada Largus performed by the Industrial Technologies plant.

PKF "Luidor" presented three exhibits: class "B" AFMP based on four-wheel drive vehicle "Sobol", reanimobile based on the all-metal van "GAZelle NEXT" and the freshest novelty - class "B" ASMP, built on the basis of new Volkswagen Crafter. The Crafter's medical salon is designed so that the work of the medical staff is convenient and efficient. The salon has two swivel chairs, a folding table, furniture with open and closed shelves for placing equipment and medical supplies. By the way, most of the metal structures (supports, amplifiers, handrails, footrests), as well as medical furniture and seats, PKF "Luidor" manufactures in its own production, which is considered one of the largest in Russia for this profile.

Passenger lada car Largus with the possibility of transporting a patient.

The Ulyanovsk company Avtodom presented for the first time an ambulance based on the UAZ Profi. The car body is a module frame type with external fiberglass panels. The medical compartment with an internal length of 3150 mm and a width of 1785 mm is equipped with everything necessary for the work of a paramedic or general medical field team. A transparent plastic hatch and a filter and ventilation unit are mounted in the ceiling. Side hinged doors and rear doors are equipped with footrests. Key advantage ASMP based on "UAZ Profi" is adaptability to work in off-road conditions and in rural areas.

PKF "Luidor" built class "B" APS on the basis of the new Volkswagen Crafter.

Earlier, State Duma deputies expressed concern about the high percentage of wear and tear on medical special vehicles. In response, the head of the Ministry of Healthcare Veronika Skvortsova noted that the government is taking measures to improve the condition of the AIPS fleet. This means that the novelties presented at Russian Healthcare Week will come in handy.

Citroen Jumpy vans have become more often transformed into ambulances.

The UAZ Profi model allows producing a wide range of special versions, including medical ones.

MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS AND MASS COMMUNICATIONS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
(MINKOMSVYAZ RUSSIA)

ORDER

20.11.2013 №360

On amendments to the Russian system and numbering plan, approved by order of the Ministry of Information Technologies and Communications Russian Federation dated 17.11.2006 No. 1422

In accordance with part 3 of article 26 of the Federal Law of July 7, 2003 No. 126-FZ "On Communications" (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2003, No. 28, Art. 2895; No. 52, Art. 5038; 2004, No. 35, Art. 3607; No. 45, Art. 4377; 2005, No. 19, Art. 1752; 2006, No. 6, Art. 636; No. 10, Art. 1069; No. 31, Art. 3431, Art. 3452; 2007, No. 1, article 8; No. 7, article 835; 2008, No. 18, article 1941; 2009, No. 29, article 3625; 2010, No. 7, article 705; No. 15, article 1737; No. 27, Art. 3408; No. 31, Art. 4190; 2011, No. 7, Art. 901; No. 9, Art. 1205; No. 25, Art. 3535; No. 27, Art. 3873, Art. 3880; No. 29, Art. 4284, art. 4291; no. 30, art. 4590; no. 45, art. 6333; no. 49, art. 7061; no. 50, art. 7351, art. 7366; 2012, no. 31, art. 4322, art. 4328 ; 2013, No. 19, Art. 2326; No. 27, Art. 3450), as well as subparagraph 5.2.10 of the Regulation on the Ministry of Communications and Mass Media of the Russian Federation, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation dated June 2, 2008 No. 418 (Collection of legislation Russian Federation, 2008, No. 23, Art. 2708; No. 42, Art. 4825; No. 46, Art. 5337; 2009, No. 3, Art. 378; No. 6, Art. 738; No. 33, Art. 408 8; 2010, no.13, art. 1502; No. 26, art. 3350; No. 30, art. 4099; No. 31, art. 4251; 2011, no. 2, art. 338; No. 3, art. 542; No. 6, art. 888; No. 14, art. 1935; No. 21, art. 2965; No. 44, art. 6272; No. 49, art. 7283; 2012, no. 20, art. 2540; No. 37, art. 5001; No. 39, art. 5270; No. 46, art. 6347; 2013, No. 13, Article 1568; No. 33, art. 4386),

I ORDER:

1. Introduce into the Russian system and the numbering plan approved by order of the Ministry of Information Technologies and Communications of the Russian Federation dated November 17, 2006 No. 142 "On the approval and implementation of the Russian numbering system and plan" (registered with the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation on December 8, 2006 No. , registration No. 8572) as amended by orders of the Ministry of Communications and Mass Media of the Russian Federation dated December 29, 2008 No. 118 "On amendments to the order of the Ministry of Information Technologies and Communications of the Russian Federation No. 142 dated November 17, 2006" (registered with the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation February 2, 2009, registration No. 13237), dated July 15, 2011 No. 187 "On amendments to the order of the Ministry of Information Technologies and Communications of the Russian Federation No. 142 dated November 17, 2006" (registered with the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation on August 17, 2011, registration No. 21646) and dated 15.06.2012 No. 158 "On amendments to the Russian system and numbering plan approved by the order of the Ministry of Information Technologies and Communications of the Russian Federation of November 17, 2006 No. 142 "(registered with the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation on July 6, 2012, registration No. 24829), the following changes:

a) paragraph 32 shall be supplemented with the words ", as well as the numbers of the corresponding emergency operational services:" 101 "," 102 "," 103 "," 104 ".";

b) Clause 32 1 shall be amended as follows:

"32. 1 For access by subscribers and users of mobile and fixed telephone services:

the telephone line “Child in Danger” uses the same numbers “121”, “123”;

to a unified citizen support service for consultations when receiving state and municipal services in electronic form is used single number "115". ";

c) clause 46 shall be supplemented with the following paragraph:

"The format of the number for access to the corresponding emergency operational services:" 101 "," 102 "," 103 "," 104 ".";

d) in clause 1 of table No. 3 to the Russian numbering plan in the column “Value of the DEF code”, replace the numbers “970-979” with the numbers “972-979”;

e) in clause 12 of Table No. 4 to the Russian numbering plan, the column "Name of telecommunication services" shall be stated as follows: "Access to telematic communication services";

f) in clause 13 of Table No. 4 to the Russian numbering plan, the column "Name of the telecommunication service" shall be stated as follows: "Access to communication services for data transmission";

g) in table No. 7 to the Russian numbering plan, paragraphs 1 and 2 shall be stated in the following edition:

h) in paragraph 3 of Table No. 7 to the Russian numbering plan in line "122" the column "Assignment of a range of numbers for access and service numbers" shall be stated as follows: "Reserve".

2. Send this order for state registration to the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation.

Minister N.A. Nikiforov

UAZ-39629 - car high cross-country abilityintended for use in the medical service.

A car with a wagon-type body, which is divided by a partition into a cabin for two people and a sanitary salon. It is widely used in servicing ambulance stations in rural areas and in urban settings. It is also used to evacuate victims from hard-to-reach areas.

UAZ-39629 is an ambulance that has no competitors in its segment in terms of price-reliability-cross-country ability. Its advantages:

• Low cost;
• Mobility;
• High cross-country ability;
• Complete set with reliable units;
• Field service capability.

UAZ-39629 is built on the basis of UAZ-3909, has wheel formula 4 * 4, all-metal body with three side single-leaf doors and one rear double-leaf swing door. A swivel floodlight is mounted in the front of the roof.

dimensions:

• Length 4363 mm;
• Width 1940 mm;
• Height 2064 mm;
• Clearance 205 mm.

Loading capacity is 845 kg.

The UAZ 39629 salon is designed for 9 seats, the seats have soft upholstery, and there is a place for an accompanying person in the sanitary compartment. AT basic configuration heater enters interior space, ABS, power steering.

The car is equipped with a ZMZ-4091 engine with a working volume of 2.7 liters and a power of 112 hp, a 5-speed manual transmission, a 2-speed transfer case... Fuel consumption per 100 to the way is 13.5 liters.

Thoughts, feelings and impressions of the new AIPS based on UAZ

To replace the national project UAZ that had worked for 6 and a half years, we received a new class B AIPS. Perhaps it will amuse someone what the province is working on.
So, here is the UAZ itself

The cab is no different from the usual UAZ

The salon has become taller, but its area has not increased. And the stretcher turned out to be longer than on the old one. As a result, you need to jump into the chair on the port side through a stretcher. This is upsetting, because adequate access to the equipment and the patient is possible only from it.

Oxygen tanks are located at the back, but since the rear rack is low, there is access to the valve from the seat on the left side.

The shelves are suitable in size for the equipment, which pleases. A cardiograph, a defibrillator, a nebulizer, a repair kit, a bag with small oxygen cylinders - everything was adequately accommodated.

But the sides on the shelves are not at all.

They are absent on the shelves under the countertop and the bag with cylinders has to be jammed with KRI-1, and the repair kit with a nebulizer. Otherwise, they fly out.

From the pleased one - the sink is made very thoughtfully. It does not eat up the area, but adds another compartment for rarely used things. The water tanks are also easy to remove, and a bag of solutions fits perfectly in their place.

On the handrails there are fasteners for all types of systems - glass and plastic bottles, soft bags with solutions - they are normally attached and do not break off even when driving on country roads.

Interior lighting of two types - general and directional. The directional one shines at one point and is not regulated in any way, which raises the question of its necessity.

The stretcher is a fun system. Roll out and roll out easily - you don't need to press anything. But lowering them with a patient lying on them is an impossible task for a team of two people.

And now - what came to light during the operation.

The seat of the chair at the bulkhead between the cabin and the cabin is fixed a little more than in any way and falls off regularly.
Due to the height - the machine is highly prone to side rolling As a result, everything that is not jammed or not tied flies from the shelves without sides.

The footboard is even higher than that of the national project ancestor - loading elderly patients is sometimes problematic.
The car simply does not enter the garage - therefore it is constantly on the street.

About the fact that the concept of "soft ride" is inapplicable to UAZs in principle - I will not spread, because in our area there is simply no alternative - Off-road.

Due to the tightness in the cabin, I had to assemble my personal mini-styling for working on the move - you can keep it open on your knees.

That's all in general terms.