The choice of 5w30 engine oil for the engine is due to the fact that the viscosity of 5w 30 is mainly synthetic. This type of oil is very popular with low engine mileage and warm climates. This type is also popular with manufacturers of original lubricants such as Toyota or Mazda.

What is the difference between 5w 30 motor oil

One of the most important characteristics for an engine oil is its viscosity. It determines how suitable the product is for use in certain climatic zones, whether it becomes too liquid or, conversely, thick when too high or low temperatures... In severe frost, many oils become too thick, and because of this, engine parts cannot turn, the engine either does not start, or runs dry, which can cause serious damage.

Many oils are not designed for high temperatures in summer: these are the so-called winter varieties, they are well suited for use in winter period, but from high atmospheric temperatures become like water, cannot provide sufficient lubrication of parts. Because of this, the motor works with increased friction, this can disable it, and entail serious, expensive repairs. In order to avoid seasonal oil changes and to use the car comfortably for the engine at any time of the year, many motorists use so-called all-season oils that can operate in a wide temperature range, such oils include 5w 30.

Let's decipher the name

Engine oil sae 5w 30 oil is quite common, and many motorists do not know how to correctly understand the letter and number designation. Sae is one of the international standards that is used in most European countries, it is known in America, Russia, Asia. In this case, the letter W should be understood as the English word "winter", and the designation before this letter shows at what minus temperature the product will retain its viscosity. For example, 5 means -25 degrees. At this temperature, the oil will not lose its properties, it will be able to provide quick and easy engine start.

The second digit indicates the temperature at which the properties of the product will be maintained in the summer. This type of grease can be used in temperatures up to +30 degrees, when the atmospheric temperature rises, the grease will become too liquid and will not be able to provide proper care of the engine parts. Thus, we can conclude that 5w30 is a versatile product that can be used all-season, but in temperate climates where there is no extreme heat.

Another common standard is API. This is an indicator of the quality of the lubricant and its intended use for specific types of motors. Knowing the letter designations, you can choose a lubricant for a gasoline, diesel, turbocharged engine, and some manufacturers also produce universal oils that are suitable for all types of power units. For example, the letter S or Latin C denotes the types of lubricants designed for use in gasoline engines. This oil can also be used when using gas as a fuel.

If synthetics or semi-synthetics are used, they can be denoted by letters
A3 / B3; if the oil is intended for diesel or turbocharged engines, it will be designated by the following letters SL / CF. The most common is the grease with the designation ACEA A5 / B5 - it is suitable for most modern gasoline engines.

Motor oil 5w30 synthetics its characteristics

Car oils belonging to this class of products are not mineral. There are only synthetic and semi-synthetic ones: they reliably protect the engine from friction and overheating, ensure its stable, uninterrupted operation, remove various contaminants, slag, carbon deposits. That is why it is impossible to use the motor without lubrication, as it affects its performance. If the lubricant is selected incorrectly or not used at all, the engine will fail very quickly and may receive serious damage.

Most of all, the moving parts of the engine need protection, oil of the required viscosity should get to them through the oil channels in time, cover with a protective crust, ensuring easy sliding. That is why it is important to choose the type of lubricant that forms a protective film of the required thickness, will do it evenly. It is much more economical to use non-seasonal oils that will have to be changed depending on the temperature outside, but universal oils that retain their properties due to additives at any time of the year. Thanks to protective film parts experience the least resistance when the motor is running, the engine does not start dry, it is easier at any time of the year.

Motor oil 5w30 semi-synthetics and synthetics - differences between lubricants

These two products differ from each other only in origin and price, the additives are added to them almost the same. Synthetics are of artificial origin, the material is cleaner, the quality is higher, and accordingly, the price is higher. Semi-synthetics come from petroleum products that have undergone deep purification, the quality of the natural base is raised due to additives, universal components are used, so that the oil can be used for demanding modern engines.

Due to the natural origin, products are cheaper than synthetic ones, but often they are almost as good in quality and have similar properties, the only difference is that the floor synthetic oils it is necessary to change more often synthetic ones. It is required to do this with a mileage of about 10 thousand, it is undesirable to allow over-mileage, while on synthetics you can drive up to 15 thousand km. Oils of this category are distinguished by the following features:

• Motor parts are covered with a protective film, are well protected not only from friction, but also from the effects of oxygen, as a result of which the lubricant protects them from corrosion.
• Oils well clean the surface of metals from contaminants of various origins, in addition, they protect engine parts from mechanical and chemical harmful effects.
• There is a fairly long range of times from fluid change to fluid change, which helps reduce vehicle maintenance costs. In addition, oils with a viscosity of 5 w30 do not need to be changed before the season, which not only makes it cheaper, but also facilitates the use of its operation, since there is no need to think about seasonal lubrication changes: bad weather will not be able to take you by surprise.
• Suitable for most types of engines.

A 5W 30 CF for diesel units

5w 30 synthetics are also suitable for diesel engines, however, it is necessary to choose a specially developed series, since the line includes other additives and is, in principle, cleaner. Such oil is specially developed taking into account the double exhaust purification, which is installed on diesel engines, in addition, they have special filters that require certain characteristics from the oil, otherwise it will quickly clog them. In addition, such cars are usually equipped with catalysts, they can be turbocharged, which requires high quality oil and certain parameters. Such products must comply with the API standard, it will be designated by the letters SN / CF or ACEA C3.

Motor oil 5w30 for diesel includes all the components necessary for the stable operation of the engine, which increase the degree of engine protection and reduce the amount of harmful emissions. The diesel-oriented oil differs in that it has special additives, the cleaning effect of which will be higher. The product contains low amounts of phosphorus, sulfur, chlorine. These oils are recommended for turbocharged engines and those equipped with filters. The products differ in a number of features:

• Cleans inner space engine from dirt and soot.
• Quickly goes to motor parts.
• Regardless of the speed at which the engine is running, the oil maintains the optimum operating pressure.
• The grease retains its properties at high and low temperatures, provides quick and easy engine start.
• Reduces fuel consumption.
• The exhaust gases are cleaner.

Choose the right product correctly

If the product is selected correctly, the engine will run quieter and smoother. In order to find out which oil is best for a car, you need to study specifications vehicle, you can read the requirements in the service book or choose a suitable lubricant using a special catalog, this requires the car's vin code, make and year of manufacture.

It is possible to pick up oil according to the manufacturer, but, as practice shows, many manufacturers produce approximately the same products if they are in one price category, so the buyer's trust and personal preference plays a role here. The main thing is to be able to distinguish a fake: often a counterfeit product is cheaper, does not have security holograms, and the packaging does not look like the original. When choosing an oil, it is also necessary to take into account the ambient temperature at which it will be operated vehicle, otherwise difficulties will arise in the process of use.

Conclusion

Products with a viscosity of SAE 5W30 are balanced, the grease can be used at any time of the year if the temperature does not drop below -25 and does not rise above +30 degrees Celsius. This type of grease is suitable for any engines manufactured after 1964, and is focused on modern high-speed units.

If you have doubts about which oil needs to be poured into the engine, then you should pay attention to our rating for 2018 - 2019. This top 10 of the best engine oils has been compiled according to the opinion of customers. It also took into account the ideal price-quality ratio, which often comes to the fore when buying.

Best 5w30 engine oils

10 ZIC X9 5W-30

For the latest turbocharged or naturally aspirated engines, it is recommended to purchase ZIC X9 5W-30. The content of ash, sulfur and phosphorus has been significantly reduced here. The service life of the engine will be significantly extended, and fuel will be consumed more economically. Suitable for absolutely all seasons.

Pros:

• Suitable even for turbocharged engines.
• Makes the engine reliable.
• Ideal for use all year round.

Minuses:

• It is advisable to use high quality gasoline.

9 General Motors Dexos2 Longlife 5W30

Inexpensive synthetic General Motors Dexos2 Longlife 5W30 oil is necessary for constant aggressive driving, as well as during severe operating conditions. All critical engine components are quickly lubricated, resulting in visible fuel economy. Even at low temperatures, the engine will start properly the first time. A durable oil film also appears, which protects particularly wear parts.

Pros:

• Very quiet engine compartment.
• Makes the car start in the cold.
• Minimum price.

Minuses:

• Change the oil frequently.

8 SHELL Helix HX8 Synthetic 5W-30

SHELL Helix HX8 Synthetic 5W-30 engine oil is fully synthetic and can also be actively used for gasoline and gas engines... Also the oil is suitable for diesel engines without filters. It perfectly protects and cleans the most important component of the car. No more harmful deposits will remain on the surface of the motor. Moreover, friction between parts is significantly reduced, which has a beneficial effect on fuel economy.

Pros:

• It is used in a wide variety of engines.
• Saves fuel by reducing fuel consumption.
• Makes the motor more durable.

Minuses:

• A large number of fakes.

7 TOTAL Quartz INEO ECS 5W30

TOTAL Quartz INEO ECS 5W30 oil is distinguished by a low sulfur and phosphorus content, as well as a rather low sulphated ash content. Thanks to this, the exhaust gases are significantly cleaned, and fuel is significantly saved. This oil can be poured into almost any engine - diesel and gasoline.

Pros:

• The motor starts to run quieter.
• The service life of the engine is extended.
• Serious fuel savings.

Minuses:

• Rarely found on sale.

6 Lukoil Genesis Claritech 5W-30

Low-ash engine oil Lukoil Genesis Claritech 5W-30 is suitable not only for most cars with diesel and gasoline engines, but can also be used in all seasons. This oil increases the longevity of the engine, and also improves the functioning of the exhaust aftertreatment system.

Pros:

• The engine starts easily even in winter.
• There are practically no fakes.
• Minimum oil consumption.

Minuses:

• Requires fairly frequent replacement.

5 Idemitsu Zepro Touring 5W-30

Idemitsu Zepro Touring 5W-30 oil is created for absolutely any cars running on gasoline. The high efficiency in terms of fuel consumption is complemented by an outstanding viscosity. This synthetic oil is adapted to a wide variety of temperature conditions, having a beneficial effect on the engine. For its manufacture, the most complex catalytic dewaxing is used.

Pros:

• Really quiet motor operation.
• Suitable for harsh winters.
• Serious gas mileage savings.

Minuses:

• It can be difficult to find on sale.
• Only suitable for gasoline engines.

4 LIQUI MOLY Special Tec AA 5W-30

Need some serious engine protection? Then LIQUI MOLY Special Tec AA 5W-30 is a good choice. This synthetic oil reduces fuel consumption and protects against unnecessary wear thanks to a special formulation. Motor parts are not damaged during operation, and the motor itself remains extremely clean. Particular emphasis is placed on American and Asian cars, on which active testing was carried out.

Pros:

• Excellent fuel economy.
• The engine remains always clean.
• Oil quickly flows to all parts.

Minuses:

• More suitable for Asian and American brand cars.

3 MOBIL 1 ESP Formula 5W-30

All engine parts are kept as clean as possible thanks to MOBIL 1 ESP Formula 5W-30 synthetic engine oil. It is made on the basis of an exclusive formula, which includes technological components. Developed oil for gasoline and diesel engines... Protects the engine and saves fuel.

Pros:

• Keeps the engine clean and durable.
• Significantly saves fuel.
• Allows you to start the car in cold winter.

Minuses:

• Quite an expensive pleasure.

2 Castrol Edge 5W-30

A durable oil film sets Castrol Edge 5W-30 apart from the competition. The oil can withstand even extreme pressure. Titanium FST technology makes the motor much more efficient. Wear protection is present as well as fuel economy.

Pros:

• The car accelerates more dynamically and smoothly.
• The engine runs efficiently.
• Good motor protection.

Minuses:

• Engine sound may change.

1 Motul Specific dexos2 5W30

Synthetic engine oil Motul Specific dexos2 5W30 is ideal for four-stroke diesel and gasoline engines. It is suitable for almost all motors. It is also recommended to use it with SUVs or split injection engines. It is an advanced energy saving oil aPI class SN / FC provides a high level in terms of ecology, forcing cars to emit much less harmful substances into the air.

Pros:

• Highest quality.
• Suitable for a wide variety of motors.
• A careful approach to sustainability.

Minuses:

• Quite a high price.

Best 5w40 engine oils

10 TNK Magnum Super 5W-40

TNK Magnum Super 5W-40 oil appears to be semi-synthetic. The balanced composition qualitatively protects the motor from dirt and other problems. The oil easily "starts" the engine in cold weather. And it can be used with almost all motors.

Pros:

• Protects against overheating and deposits.
• Stability throughout the entire service life.
• The engine is not afraid of any temperature.

Minuses:

• In some cases, forms black carbon deposits in the engine.

9 Lukoil Lux synthetic SN / CF 5W-40

If you want to try premium synthetic oil on affordable price, then you should take a closer look at Lukoil Lux synthetic SN / CF 5W-40. It fully complies with the latest operating standards. The oil is recommended for passenger carsas well as small trucks and minibuses. Protects modern engines well, even under intensive driving conditions. At the same time, the noise level is noticeably reduced, and deposits stop forming.

Pros:

• The car drives quietly and smoothly.
• There are almost no fakes.
• Suitable for a wide range of motors.

Minuses:

• Not the best quality canisters.

8 G-Energy F Synth 5W-40

Really high-quality oil G-Energy F Synth 5W-40 will improve the engine performance of not only cars, but also trucks and minibuses. Such oil is poured into a variety of engines (gasoline, diesel, turbocharged units). Its consumption is quite low due to the special components. And the details always stay clean.

Pros:

• Seriously extends engine life.
• Always clean parts.
• Long replacement intervals.

Minuses:

• It may lose properties over time.

7 ELF Evolution 900 NF 5W-40 4 l

ELF Evolution 900 NF 5W-40 is a synthetic lubricant designed for passenger car engines. This oil can be poured into any diesel and gasoline units, with the exception of diesel particulate filters. Withstands extended drain intervals and effectively cleans all parts. Great option for a variety of climatic zones.

Pros:

• Does not require frequent replacement.
• Suitable for many motors.
• Perfectly cleans all elements.

Minuses:

• It is not packed in the most reliable way.

6 TOTAL Quartz 9000 5W40

High-quality engine oil TOTAL Quartz 9000 5W40 is suitable even for turbocharged engines. Ideal for direct injection units as well as common rail. Due to the highest viscosity index, it can withstand a wide variety of temperature conditions. Provides increased wear protection and extended drain intervals. Just perfect for passenger cars, making the motor completely clean and tidy.

Pros:

• The highest degree of protection.
• The engine remains completely clean.
• Substantial replacement interval.

Minuses:

• Poor fuel problems can occur.

5 MOBIL Super 3000 X1 5W-40

Synthetic oil MOBIL Super 3000 X1 5W-40 can be called truly universal. It is this that makes the engine more reliable, and its service life increases significantly. Suitable for both diesel and gasoline engines... Withstands the widest temperature range, which again speaks in favor of this oil. If often meet difficult conditions for driving, this oil is an excellent choice.

Pros:

• Nice work in summer and winter.
• Auto always starts the first time.
• The motor is extremely quiet.

Minuses:

• Meets great amount various fakes.

4 SHELL Helix Ultra 5W-40

Modern engine needs care? Pay attention to this - SHELL Helix Ultra 5W-40. This synthetic oil allows diesel and gasoline units to open up in new ways. The engine becomes clean at once, as deposits stop forming. Moreover, it is the only oil of its kind approved by Ferrari itself. It can withstand even a long drain interval, making the motor as efficient as possible.

Pros:

• The oil does not burn.
• The motor runs incredibly quiet.
• Perfectly lubricates all critical parts.

Minuses:

• There are frequent counterfeits.
• The price may seem high.

3 Castrol Edge 5W-40

Castrol Edge 5W-40 uses a tough film to effectively protect the engine from a variety of problems. It uses titanium compounds that are incredibly durable. This oil has a beneficial effect on the engine, revealing almost its full potential. No deposits will spoil the engine anymore, and its smooth operation will be felt when you press the gas pedal. With this oil, the motor will take on a completely new life.

Pros:

• Has a positive effect on the dynamics of acceleration.
• Unleashes the potential of the motor.
• Reliably protects against dirt.

Minuses:

• Can change the sound of the engine in operation.

2 LIQUI MOLY Molygen New Generation 5W-40

For an easy car running all year round, you can advise lIQUI oil MOLY Molygen New Generation 5W-40 with high stability. The oil effectively fights deposits, extending the life of the motor. The manufacturer claims that the oil can save up to 4% of fuel. At the same time, the overall engine life is also significantly extended.

Pros:

• Smooth and precise motor operation.
• Almost imperceptibly consumed.
• Saves fuel up to 4%.

Minuses:

• Quite a solid cost.

1 Motul 8100 X-clean 5W40

Motul 8100 X-clean 5W40 oil for progressive gasoline and diesel engines has Euro-4 and Euro-5 quality standards. This oil will protect the engine of a brand new car, leaving it in its original form. In this case, the absolute purity of not only individual elements, but also the entire engine will be guaranteed. It can harden only at a temperature of -39 degrees, which makes it possible to actively use the oil even in cold winter.

Pros:

• Ideal for fairly new motors.
• Effectively cleans the entire engine.
• It really saves fuel.

Minuses:

• Some turbocharged engines consume oil heavily.

The action of lubricants is aimed at ensuring normal work engine with fully sealed cylinders and high friction conditions. A well-chosen engine oil maintains the proper functioning of the power unit and increases the service life of its components.

Types of oils

Lubricants in the automotive market are represented by three categories:

• For gasoline engines.
• For diesel engines.
• Universal. Designed for both diesel and gasoline internal combustion engines.

Oils, depending on the season of use, are divided into three types:

• Summer.
• Winter - 5W and 10W.
• All-season - 0W30 and 5W30.

The effectiveness of an engine oil depends on its physical properties, one of which is viscosity. It provides the ability lubricant stay on the surface of parts and maintain its fluidity. The parameter affects the protection of the engine against premature wear and friction during vehicle operation. If the declared viscosity does not correspond to the recommended by the manufacturer, the service life of the motor may decrease.

High-temperature viscosity is an equally important parameter, failure to comply with which may lead to the need for early overhaul due to the operation of the engine at high speeds outside the permissible limits.

When choosing a lubricant, the viscosity index is taken into account - it must correspond to the parameters recommended by the manufacturer. Using engine oil that is different from the required requirements can lead to engine failure and costly repairs.

How to choose engine oil

When selecting a lubricant for a car, several criteria are taken into account:

• Viscosity index. It determines the ability to start the engine at negative ambient temperatures. The smaller this parameter, the easier it is to start the engine. Prevention of mechanical and chemical damage, the degree of uniform coverage of engine parts with lubricant also depend on its viscosity.
• Temperature conditions. It determines the efficiency of the selected engine oil during operation in the cold season and the temperature range in which safe operation of the machine is ensured, regardless of the degree of engine heating.

The American engineering community SAE has adopted the above classification of fuels and lubricants. Oils meeting this classification are marked with the SAE abbreviation.

Engine oils 5W30

The most demanded are synthetic lubricants marked 5W30. The SAE decoding will be given below. The products of this group comply with the requirements and standards for car operation in urban areas and on suburban roads.

Features of 5W30 oils

The urban mode of car operation is characterized by:

• Long engine running on idling.
• Being in traffic jams.
• Regular short distance travel.
• Large amount of dust in the air.

These factors negatively affect the engine's working life. The key to long-term functioning and maintaining the technically sound state of the motor is knowledge of the marking and decoding of 5W30 oil.

The unique formula of synthetic lubricants is based on a base oil and an additive package that gives the finished fluid the following characteristics:

• Protects the engine from premature wear and friction.
• Resistance to oxidation processes when used in high humidity conditions.

Additive packages

The additives used are indicated in the name of the product and affect its decoding. 5W30 motor oils are developed for a specific type of engine and provide its protection thanks to a set of additives. The substances used and their properties must comply with the quality standards for lubricating fluids.

The properties of engine oils depend on the heating temperature of the engine and the intensity of its operation. According to the decoding, semi-synthetics 5W30 can heat up to 150 degrees.

Selection of oils 5W30

The car manufacturer specifies the technical specifications on which to base when choosing an engine oil. Lubricant approval is issued by engine type, not vehicle make and model. For this reason, the selected engine oil must meet the requirements of the carmaker.

The choice of 5W30 synthetics for decoding depends on the characteristics of the engine, the age of the car and the characteristics of the operating conditions. For cars older than 5-7 years, mineral engine oil is better suited, since its use can reduce the consumption of lubricant and increase the service life of the power unit.

Changing the engine oil

Operating conditions, engine condition, and vehicle mileage affect the frequency of lubricant changes. The best option - 10 thousand kilometers of run. The replacement period is increased by one and a half to two times when using two types of fuel and is reduced when the car is operated in difficult conditions... The amount of engine oil in the engine is checked every two weeks using a special dipstick.

Decoding standards 5W30 and 5W40

All 5W30 and 5W40 engine oils comply with SAE, API and ACEA environmental regulations and standards and are approved for use in gasoline and diesel car engines bMW brands, Man, Volvo, Renault. Lubricants are laboratory tested and controlled at every stage of production. The characteristics declared on the decoding of 5W30 must meet the requirements specified by the automaker.

Advantages of 5W30 synthetics

The 5W30 series synthetic motor oils offer the following benefits:

• Protection of engine components from chemical and mechanical stress.
• They create a super-strong oil film on the surface of the parts.
• They have anti-corrosion and antioxidant properties.
• Protection of the engine against wear and increased friction.
• Extends the engine oil change period.
• The ability to use in different types of engines.

Synthetic engine oil, according to the 5W30 decoding, can be used all year round, maintaining operational properties and eliminating the need for a seasonal change.

Decoding of oils series 5W30

5W30 lubricants are labeled according to SAE standards. Decoding 5W30 allows you to determine temperature regime oil work, properties and other nuances of operation:

• The minimum temperature at which the characteristics of the oil remain unchanged is indicated by the first digit of the marking. In the decoding of 5W30, the number "5" means that the grease can be used at temperatures not lower than -30 degrees. It can also hide the speed of the lubricant passing through the main channels of the system and the energy consumption.
• The season in which it is desirable to operate the oil is indicated by a letter. W-index greases are intended for winter use.
• The maximum temperature at which the oil retains its characteristics is marked with the last number: 30 means that the operation of the lubricant is possible at an air temperature of no more than +30 degrees. In the W40 marking, the figure means that the oil can be used in summer at ambient temperatures up to +40 degrees.

Synthetic diesel engine oil

The 5W30 series low ash engine oil has been developed for vehicles equipped with diesel engines with a dual exhaust aftertreatment system. It is made according to accepted environmental standards. Can be used in vehicles with particulate filters, catalysts and turbocharging.

The 5W30 diesel engine oils contain additives developed using innovative technologies. Their action is aimed at reducing the amount of emitted substances and increasing protective functions. The content of chlorine, phosphorus and sulfur bonds in synthetic additives is reduced.

The properties of 5W30 engine oils allow them to be poured into diesel engines equipped with turbines and particulate filters:

• Keeping the engine parts clean.
• Providing quick access of oil to working elements.
• Stabilization of working pressure regardless of the degree of engine load.
• Reduced fuel consumption.
• Reducing the amount of exhaust gases.

Motor oils 5W30 for diesel engines provide long service life of gas catalysts and maintain engine performance. Carmakers allow the use of such a synthetic oil, which allows you to preserve the possibility of preferential maintenance during the warranty period.

Modern motor oils of the 5W30 series significantly reduce fuel consumption and are considered universal lubricants approved for use in engines of domestic and foreign cars. The materials comply with accepted standards and regulations. Car manufacturers recommend many 5W30 category engine oils for use, including those for diesel power units. When choosing a lubricant, it is advisable to pay attention to the decoding of the marking, which indicates the conditions for its operation.

Every driver should at least roughly know the classification that engine oils have in order to easily determine which lubricant to buy at one time or another. Most often, car owners use all-season mixtures, since it is very convenient and practical. In Russia, one of the most common is SAE 5W30 oil. It can be used both in frost (from -35 ° to -25 ° C) and in warm weather (25-30 ° C). Like all other lubricants, this fluid can be mineral, semi-synthetic, or synthetic. The first of the options has not been produced for a long time, but the other two are widely popular. But how are they different, and which one is better?

Synthetic oils

Synthetics are the best type of motor oil. However, this is not only due to cost. Thanks to the production technology and composition, the lubricating fluid ensures stable vehicle start in any weather, effective protection and economical fuel consumption. The oil is created entirely from artificial components (as opposed to semi-synthetics, which also includes natural elements). This allows the grease to be resistant to ignition and combustion, which makes evaporation much slower.

The undoubted advantage of the oil is its extended temperature range. Synthetics 5W30 will allow you to start the engine in the most adverse weather conditions.

For example, the average minimum temperature of liquids in this category is -30 ° C, however, synthetic Liqui Moly lubricants with a viscosity of 5W30 are able to start the car even at -35 ° C. The upper thermal point also depends on the manufacturer, while its value usually does not exceed 25 ° C. Otherwise, the oils must be labeled with a viscosity grade of 5W40.

The advantages of synthetic formulations also include a reliable oil film that forms as a result of filling the lubrication system. This important component helps protect engine friction parts from wear. For the same reason, with synthetics, the power unit of the car makes a little less noise, since the slip improves.

The main disadvantage of synthetics is its price. Good oil A 5W30 generated entirely from artificial components will cost about 2 times more than semi-synthetics. In addition, a greater amount of carbon deposits should be attributed to the disadvantages, however, this is compensated by the presence of active detergent additives in most lubricants, which well remove the remnants of combustion products.

Each manufacturer uses its own engine technology, so the same oil may not be suitable for different units. Some concerns produce their own 5W30 synthetic lubricants, for example, Ford, Volkswagen, Nissan. There are other multi-grade greases in this class that can suit most machines. The best of them are Castrol Magnatec A1 5W30, Petro-Canada Supreme Synthetic 5W30 and Shell Helix Ultra Extra 5W30.

Semi-synthetic oils

High-quality synthetics are sometimes not available in affordable stores, or there may not be enough money for it. In such cases, it would be preferable to buy a reliable 5W30 semi-synthetics. Such mixtures are created from artificial and natural ingredients. Those oils that are more expensive contain a higher percentage of synthetics (up to 70%). If the price of a consumable is low, then, most likely, mineral elements in it can occupy up to 50%.

Semi-synthetic oil is not at all synonymous with poor quality. The demand for such mixtures is relatively high, so manufacturers strive to make them no worse than synthetic ones. A major advantage of this category of lubricants is their improved cleaning properties. Semi-synthetics protect the friction parts of the unit much better than completely artificial counterparts, due to which it is not clogged with residues of combustion products.

The protective properties of 5W30 mixtures are no worse. All moving parts of the engine work stably and without unnecessary noise, which changes the sound background for the better iCE operation... Of course, wear does not slow down so much, nevertheless, reliable protection of parts is provided (of course, if the mixture itself is of high quality). In addition, good semisynthetics should slowly evaporate due to a thicker composition, which is also a big plus.

The main disadvantage of engine oils with mineral components is the reduced drain interval.

It is best to top up the mixture at regular intervals, otherwise an empty lubrication system can take the driver by surprise. In addition, some natural elements are not as mobile and elastic as artificial ones, so the oil film can sometimes be damaged (you can fix it by adding liquid).

What choice to make?

So, synthetic or semi-synthetic? The answer to this question lies in two things: the make of the car and the wallet of the car owner. The first factor concerns those vehicles in which it is best (and sometimes necessary) to use synthetics. This applies to machines with high-performance multivalve power units, including turbocharged ones, which can deliver the necessary power and torque only with the right oil in the system.

In addition, the driver's finances also play an important role. If there is no money for high-quality synthetic fluid, then it is better to take good semi-synthetics. If the car owner can afford more expensive materials, it is better to purchase reliable synthetics.

Conclusion

Engine oil plays a critical role in engine performance. Without it, the car will neither start nor drive. Therefore, it is imperative to use reliable lubricants in order to operate the vehicle without problems.

We took three fully synthetic imported motor oils with SAE 5W ‑ 30 viscosity from the leading manufacturers taking the lion's share domestic market- ExxonMobil, Shell and Castrol. To this trinity was added the not so common, but no less famous Motul oil.

How was it tested? On each of the oils, a specially prepared bench engine was rotated in specified modes for one hundred and twenty hours, while its characteristics were compared at different stages of testing. The engine is a domestic VAZ-21114 eight-valve with injection, with a modified control program and a piston oil cooling system.

Why is the engine not a foreign brand? Test conditions do not allow. The technique requires before and after testing to open the motor, measure, defect, photograph and weigh the parts. And modern non-nashen engines cannot be disassembled and assembled - the crankshaft cannot be removed there. More precisely, you can remove it, but putting it back is already prohibited.

After a fixed time, we took - three times - samples of the oil to assess the rate of its aging. Changes in the physical and chemical parameters of the oil were monitored, as well as the content of wear products in it. Opening the engine clarified the idea of \u200b\u200bdeposits and wear.

To weed out doubts about possible fakes, we sent fresh samples of oils to the laboratory to determine the basic physical and chemical parameters and compared them with the indicated manufacturers. If they match, then the oils are real, not fake. Another thing surprised me: the initial parameters of all four oils are almost the same. Are they from the same barrel? From different! This became clear after measuring the dynamic viscosity over the entire temperature range. But first, let's remember what viscosities are in general.

KINEMATIC, DYNAMIC AND HTHS

There is a direct relationship between oil viscosity, friction loss and wear rate of the friction unit. In classical hydrodynamics, two characteristics of viscosity are distinguished - dynamic and kinematic. For the motor, it is the dynamic viscosity of the oil that is important, since it takes into account the change in density depending on temperature. And kinematic viscosity is important for oilers; it can be accurately measured with a capillary viscometer. Previously, the viscosity parameters prescribed by the SAE class limited only the possible range of changes in the kinematic viscosity of the oil at a temperature of 100 ° C. This range is for sAE oils 30 is 9.3-12.6 cSt; for SAE 40 oils it is wider than 12.6-16.3 cSt.

The SAE classification has now been supplemented with dynamic viscosity restrictions at 150 ° C. This is the so-called high-temperature viscosity HTHS (High-Temperature, High-Shear).

Previously, it was believed that SAE classification was sufficient for the selection of oil, but then it turned out that it was not enough. Oils from one group at operating temperatures can differ in viscosity by tens of percent, and this is essential for the operation of the motor. Therefore, an additional restriction was introduced.

Manufacturers modern oils focus on opposite priorities. So, the Shell company declares a low viscosity helix oils Ultra, which results in low friction losses. And Motul has specially developed the 8100 X ‑ clear FE, which has a high HTHS value. Who is right?

For the sake of completeness, let's go through all temperatures - from winter to quite operating modes, like a fully warmed-up engine. The highest values \u200b\u200bof the high-temperature viscosity HTHS at the first test are in the Motul 8100 X ‑ clear FE oil, as promised by the manufacturer: 3.2 mPa · s versus 2.7 mPa · s for Mobil. Takeoff run - almost 20%! This means that this oil will reduce the load on the bearing by 20% - or it will increase the pressure on the bearing by the same 20% without deteriorating its operating conditions. The price for this is the highest dynamic viscosities at low temperatures: 8330 mPa s for Motul oil versus 6220 mPa s for mobil oils... This means that it will be more difficult to start a motor with Motul oil in the arctic and antarctic.

However, it is more interesting to trace the dynamics of changes in this parameter during the entire period of testing. Oils Mobil 1 ESP Formula and Motul 8100 X-clean FE for 120 hours of torture with a Russian engine and Russian (not the best, as everyone says) fuel changed their parameters slightly and quite predictably. During the tests, the dynamic viscosity in the entire temperature range increased by only 3–5%.

But Castrol Edge FST and Shell Helix Ultra oils have changed their viscosity by 21-28%! Moreover, the increase in the viscosity of Castrol oil began almost immediately - such a dynamics is not typical for the usual behavior of the oil. AND shell oil until the middle of the tests he was doing well, but gave up in the second half of the cycle. As a result, by the end of the tests, the advantage that these oils had over Motul oil in terms of viscosity at low temperatures completely melted. Those planning to use these oils in the harsh northern conditions have something to think about.

An even more expressive picture, reflecting the rate of aging of oils, is given by the analysis of the dynamics of changes in kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C.

And again: the viscosity of Motul oil is practically unchanged. For Mobil oil, the change in viscosity is more noticeable, and by the end of the test period it reached the threshold value. Castrol, on the other hand, produced a very significant increase in viscosity at 100 ° C, well beyond the acceptable range. The most interesting thing is that the viscosity at 40 ° C began to decrease by the end of the tests - this can be seen from the data in the final table. The viscosity index flew as much as 210!

The viscosity index is important parameter engine oil, which characterizes the rate of change in viscosity with increasing temperature. The higher it is, the less the difference between the viscosities at high and low temperatures. For full synthetics, it usually lies in the range 160-180.

And another oddity of Castrol oil. Typically, the base number gradually decreases: a complex of detergent additives is triggered. And here on the contrary - growth!

Perhaps, from the deposits formed in the engine, calcium or another element returns to the oil, to which the device reacts. By the way, for the other three oils, the same method gave the expected result.

We evaluated the energy saving of oils twice, comparing in the modes of our cycle both with fresh oil and with 120 operating hours. These results are also tabulated.

Here again it is appropriate to return to the conversation about HTHS. The oil with the highest HTHS value, Motul 8100 X ‑ clean FE, also performed better here. However, all tested oils, judging by the results, may well be classified as energy-saving. But those with a lower viscosity growth rate changed the fuel consumption and engine power the least after a cycle of long tests. The effect of high-temperature viscosity was most clearly manifested in the analysis of the protective functions of the oil. Analysis of the content of wear products in oil samples taken at the final stage of testing clearly reveals the unconditional leadership of oil with a high HTHS. This is the Motul 8100 X-clean FE. It is quite understandable: the higher the viscosity, the greater the thickness of the separating layer and less.

Opening the engine after testing cycles showed approximately the same final level of high and low temperature deposits, with more stable oils giving slightly better results. But in general, all oils in these parameters showed a high result, characteristic of high-quality synthetics.

NOT FOR RUSSIA?

Why did the oils perform differently during the tests? Two of them - Motul 8100 X ‑ clear FE and Mobil 1 ESP Formula - worked without remarks, while the other two showed not so optimistic results. The very nature of oil aging, when the viscosity begins to walk, and other parameters generally remain normal, most often indicates that the additives included in the used additive package conflict with something.

In starting this expertise, we wanted to continue the topic of “oil plague”, which we raised three years ago, - the unpredictable decomposition of oil, in which black tar is formed in the channels of the lubrication system, the oil pan, and the valve mechanism. This disease has killed more than one hundred motors. And the oilmen named Russian gasoline as one of the possible culprits of this trouble. Then we found other causes of the "plague", moreover, confirmed by experiment. But it was also necessary to check the version about the influence of bad gasoline.

The solution was found after our examination of cheap 95-s gasolines (ЗР, 2015, No. 5), during which it turned out that most of them contain prohibited methanol. This is the kind of gasoline we used for our tests

Thus, our research has confirmed that bad gasoline can actually spoil the oil, and with it the engine. Yes, but Motul 8100 X-Сlean FE and Mobil 1 ESP Formula oils, running on the same gasoline, did not make any complaints about it! This means that the additive package can be adjusted in such a way that the oil works normally in our conditions. Another thing is that not everyone succeeds.

In the meantime, we repeat: go around unverified gas stations in a wide circle! When it comes to choosing an engine oil, we advise you to go for products with a higher HTHS value.

The motor, nerves and wallet will be more whole!