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Engine oil ford formula f 5w30 characteristics. Original engine oil: Ford formula F

Recently, the entire Internet is replete with articles on the topic of fake Ford Formula oil. Read the current article about fake oil of 2018-2019 in our separate article, there is the most relevant information.

It is necessary to distinguish fake from counterfeit. A counterfeit is a fake, passed off as a quality item, obviously not possessing such qualities. Counterfeit is not a legitimate use of someone else's brand, logo, similarity appearance, not legally imported thing into the country in violation of customs laws.

By the way, this is what real original oil looks like. And this is how it looks

Motor oils not legally sold in Russia are counterfeit. They are issued as original, but in fact, obviously cheaper oil is poured inside the canisters. Most often it is a cheap domestic mineral oil, which will not immediately break the engine, but will negatively affect its resource and fuel economy (the cost of such oil is 130-200 rubles per 1 liter), less often - waste oil or a cheap spindle (which may well kill the engine in a couple of thousand kilometers).

Ford Formula F 5w30 oil is faked very often, because it is a very popular oil, it is poured into every 2nd Ford. Counterfeits are evolving. Improved labels, lids, stampings on the bottom. But it doesn't make the oil better. As an example, I will give a few photos of Formula 5w30 5 liters oil. This oil fake, has a different shade from the original (greenish). The labels do not adhere very well to it, the stampings on the bottom are not of high quality, the printing is of low quality. Such fakes were in 2014-2015.

Figure 1 Label peels off from exposure to water

Figure 2 The label has come off. The quality of the printing is low

Figure 3 Article 14e9ec "European". In fact, none of this is European oil ..

Figure 4

Figure 5 The code is not laser engraved like the original. The numbers are curves

Figure 6

Figure 7 Learned to make a double page

Figure 8 Page in Russian and other languages. It is already problematic to stick it back exactly.

Figure 9 Embossings. By them you can find out when the canister is made

Figure 10 The stamping is of terrible quality, the numbers are hard to read. The original is easy to read

Figure 11 Number 15 means the year, the arrow shows the month of production of the canister. Casting quality is poor

Figure 12 Oil has a greenish tint. Oil Formula 5W30 has never had such a shade. Only golden.

Nowadays counterfeits have evolved and it has become much more difficult to distinguish them. Now, only by comparing with the sample, you can find minor differences regarding the quality of printing and stamping on the canister. The oil color of the fakes is now golden. The guarantee of originality can be the new code and design, which was introduced at the beginning of 2016. Now oil oil articles are 15595E and 155D3A (instead of 14e8ba and 14e9ec). The canister is stamped "5" on the handle. Our store always has with such codes.

Update as of 12/15/2016:

PS This year, in the Moscow region, the police exposed an underground workshop for packaging counterfeit oils, this is good news. Photos from the factory are presented in.

One of the most difficult tasks that an engine undertakes is starting at low air temperatures. If you use Ford Formula F 5w30 oil, then there will be no problems. Motorists know perfectly well that for the most better protection engine cold start, it is necessary to apply this particular modification of the product, especially in those regions where the air temperature is constantly low.

For the product Formula F 5w 30 (Formula 5w 30), even a very low air temperature is not scary: it does not lose viscosity, respectively, the oil pump does not lose its ability to quickly pump lubricant throughout the engine (this ensures excellent performance power unit car). Another one important detail for engine operation, it is the viscosity of the oil product with temperature changes during operation.

Motor lubricant model Formula 5w30 has a viscosity index that meets all the rigorous standards of mechanical engineering. When using F 5w 30, the engine and the car are guaranteed not to be endangered or worn out. Thanks to the presence of additives that preserve the structure of the lubricant, the high-quality synthetic lubricant Formula 5w30 cleans the engine and all parts from sludge. Sludge is a thick, dark colored substance that forms in the engine. It leads to premature damage to parts and the motor as a whole.

Formula 5w30 (Formula F 5w 30) contributes to fuel economy, as well as increased efficiency of operation of gasoline, diesel engines due to excellent circulation. Synthetic ford oil Formula F is the leading automotive engine oil and meets the full spectrum of driver needs.

Benefits of Formula F 5w30

The benefits of the oil are listed below.

  1. Has gained worldwide popularity and recognition among the largest car manufacturers.
  2. It has good viscosity and does not freeze in the cold.
  3. The ductility provides excellent viscosity. This is a direct way to save lubricant and fuel.
  4. F 5w 30 (Formula F) does not need to be changed too often. Evaporation rate is minimal.
  5. Due to the smooth and continuous circulation in the engine, high lubricating properties, there is no friction of the bearing surfaces during starting.
  6. Ford Formula F 5w30 is a high quality synthetic automotive lubricant that provides engine protection in extreme conditions (low air temperature, dirt, sand).
  7. Protects engine parts (crankshaft, pistons, cylinders) from impact and damage.
  8. Reduces toxic emissions, that is, it is environmentally friendly.
  9. Ford Formula F oil provides smooth movement of the car, reduction of engine noise.
  10. Protects metal surfaces of parts from corrosion and decay guaranteed.
  11. Restores high mileage motors.
  12. Differs in affordable cost. The price of Ford Formula F 5w30 is quite acceptable for every motorist.

Formula F 5w30 oil has many advantages

Technical characteristics and scope of Ford Formula F 5w30

Ford Formula F, thanks to high-tech developments, has a fairly large audience of fans, is perfect for starting engines in the cold season at very low temperatures air. Has the following physical parameters:

  • density coefficient (R) t 15 ° С - 3 0.852 kg / dm;
  • coefficient of viscosity index (V) - 170;
  • dynamic viscosity coefficient (-30 ° С) - 6200 mPa-sec .;
  • coefficient of kinematic viscosity (40 ° С) - 85 mm² / sec .;
  • kinematic viscosity (100 ° С) - 14 mm² / sec .;
  • kinematic viscosity (-25 ° С) - 3200 mm² / sec .;
  • ignition temperature (open crucible) - 220 ° С;
  • solidifies at a temperature of 42 ° C;
  • alkaline number - 9.5 mgKOH / g.

Oil motor Ford (Ford) Formula F has the following certifications and approvals:

  • SAE 5W-30;
  • API SM / GF;
  • ACEA 98 A1 / B1;
  • WSS-M2C913-C;
  • WSS-M2C913-B;
  • WSS-M2C913-A.

Motor oil Ford Formula F 5w30 is intended for use in Ford vehicles with gasoline and diesel power units, both in new models and in their predecessors. The product is fuel efficient, has high operational characteristicsthat allow motors with any mileage to work smoothly under any circumstances.

It is also intended to be used for engines equipped with an injector, a recirculation system, a catalytic converter, an intercooler, direct injection, and turbocharged diesel engines. Ford Formula engine oil is used for both cars and trucks. vehicle... The lubricating product is used for all types of engines of modern production of passenger vehicles, for which it is recommended to use oils with a viscosity index of 5w30.

Motor oil has one more indisputable advantage: the price of the product is fully consistent with the quality. Ford Formula F oil (Formula F 5w30) has a liquid consistency, yellow (honey) color.

Keep engine oil follows in a dimly lit room, but ventilated. It is necessary to limit exposure to direct UV rays so that the structure of the oil does not change. You also need to make sure that Ford Formula F 5w30 does not come into contact with moisture.

5w30 Ford Formula F oil is a versatile, multigrade technical fluid suitable for most engines, including turbocharged ones.

The presence of the brand in the name of a product is not limited to the use of the specified product by Ford technology. For a long time, the company, together with Castrol, has been creating consumables that are applicable for various vehicles.

Lubricant is freely sold at russian market, received permits and approvals of the international standard.

Who makes Formula F 5w-30 grease

The Formula Ford product line is a joint project with Castrol, a BP-Europe subsidiary. The products are produced on the basis of hydrocracking, with increased purification and improved technical characteristics.

Changes in the molecular structure make it possible to achieve similar indicators with traditional synthetics.

Quality control is carried out at all stages of the production cycle, which ensures full compliance with the declared characteristics on the package.

The oil creates an effective oil film that reduces friction and wear on key engine components. A special role is played by additives with cleansing properties.

Ford 5w30 Formula F tolerances and specifications

Ford Formula F 5w 30 meets aCEA classification A5 / B5 and ILSAC GF-4, and also has Ford WSS-M2C 913-A, 913-B and 913-C approvals, meets SAE requirements and standards.

Abstract on the canister label

The main specifications greases in this table:

CharacteristicIndexNote
Viscosity at 100 ° C9,49 The parameter is lower than that of conventional oils of the class in question.
Evaporation10,9 Excellent result compared to
similar products from other brands.
Pour point-40 Fully compliant with 5W-30 standard.
Flash point226 Average performance for similar products.
Alkaline number11,22 Assumes perfect
neutralizing and washing properties for
motor.
Acidity1,33 An excellent result that
significantly extends the term
oil operation, prolongs the period
replacement.
Ash content1,22 Combined with a high base number
ensures the cleanliness of the ash pan in
diesel engines.
Sulfur presence0,278 A good indicator for oil based
hydrocracking. Confirms high
requirements and characteristics,
applied to the technical fluid.
The parameters can be supplemented with ZDDP antiwear additives and molybdenum based friction modifiers. Such elements are designed to increase the life of the oil and power plant.

Application

Availability of approval for Ford vehicles does not limit the use of the product for other vehicles. Specialists and experts note good compatibility with engines of Volvo, Volkswagen, Skoda, Land rover, Mazda, Honda.

Also for other motors where 5W-30 viscosity is required. According to the terms of the specification, the technical fluid can be used for cars and trucks.

Release form and article

The original product is supplied from abroad, production is located in several European countries. In Russia, deliveries are organized through an official dealer directly from Germany.

On domestic market the products are sold in 1.5 l plastic containers and 60 and 208 l iron drums. The last two form factor options are intended for wholesale buyers, Ford service centers, service stations and some gas stations.
As for the article number, the following options are found at points of sale:

Form factor, l.vendor code
1 15595A
Obsolete: 14E8B9, 155D4B.
14E9ED, 1515DA
5 15595E
Obsolete: 14E8VA 155D3A
14E9EC
60 15595F
208 15594D
Please note that individual stores still sell items with SKUs 14E8BA and 14E8B9. Such products were supplied to the market official dealer until 2016, so it's hard to talk about originality in 2018.

note

Article 155D3A, 155D4B was delivered in 2017, but since it did not have a description in Russian, it was withdrawn from sales.

On back side there must be a sticker with Russian-language text. If such a product falls into your hands, this is another reason to think about originality.

To quickly get an original and high quality formula oils Ford 5w30 I recommend using the article 15595E (5 L) and 15595A (1 L).

The plastic container has a modified design of the canister and label, which will avoid purchasing counterfeit products.

How to distinguish a fake?

The manufacturer company is constantly improving methods of dealing with non-original products. In mid-2017, Castrol introduced a unique coded security hologram system.

A counterfeit can be distinguished by the barcode of the security hologram

Based on the latter, the authenticity of the product is verified using SMS, a special Android application or the official website.

Additional protection is used for Ford Formula F (containers 5 and 208 liters), S / SD 5W-40, Magnatec Professional A5 5W-30 (5W-30). Despite this introduction, there are enough old-style goods on the market.

To determine the authenticity, the label is evaluated, which must have image clarity and article number.

Details of the important. What kind of Ford oil can you buy. and what not - video

Benefits of engine oil

Excellent oil with high detergent properties. Technical liquid thermostable, does not malfunction during cold start. There are specialized additives that increase the life of the motor.

ACEA A5 / B5 approval is the basis for the use of synthetics in diesel and gasoline powertrains, which implies:

  • fuel economy;
  • low volatility;
  • viscosity stability;
  • minimal friction;
  • reduction of noise and vibration levels.

The final touch is considered acceptable price, which is 10-15% lower than the cost of analogues with similar characteristics.

One of the most optimal options in the selection of a lubricant for engines internal combustion Ford Formula F 5W30 oil is used in Ford vehicles. When creating it, the manufacturer focused on the operation exclusively in this vehicle brand. Many tests have been carried out to confirm the effectiveness of the protective properties, resistance to wear and the maintenance of the stability of the operating parameters of the power units installed in american car... However, highly specialized lubricant showed considerable quality abilities in tests on other vehicles, thus earning approvals from third-party engine manufacturers.

Ford Oil Manufacturer

From the name of the oil, it can be assumed that the manufacturer of this product is the American automobile giant Ford concern. But this is far from the truth. The international oil and gas organization British Petroleum was involved in the development of the Ford Formula F 5W30. Its head office is in the UK, but assets are owned by many third-party companies. 95% of British Petroleum securities are in free possession, of which 5% belong to the Russian joint stock company Rosneft.

The transnational organization "BP" spreads its activities in the field of oil and gas production all over the world. The company owns oil refineries and petrochemical enterprises, a huge network of filling stations, percentage shares in several gas pipelines, and, accordingly, it develops and sells motor oils, including those under the Castrol brand.

Despite some setbacks and serious damage from the elements, British Petroleum is the largest figure in the oil and gas sector. She has vast experience and employs many highly qualified specialists capable of creating truly high-quality products.

Ford Formula F Oil

Any manufacturer of automobiles or power units for them recommends the use of lubricants that are approved by them and have the appropriate approvals and specifications. The auto concern "Ford", of course, guarantees trouble-free operation of the Ford Formula F 5W30 in its car models.

This engine lubricant is made by hydrocracking and is marketed as HC synthetic fluid. But at the same time, it has all the full-fledged properties of traditional polyalphaolefin (PAO) synthetics. The oil minimizes the release of harmful substances into the environment. Retains its molecular structure when operating with low temperature indicators of the external environment.

Functional features

Technical properties comply with all applicable standards and norms, which have been supplied by the competent world communities for the gradation of this category of lubricant products.

Ford Formula F 5W30 is formulated with a balanced amount of additives that guarantee wear resistance during engine operation under various load conditions. The lubricant circulates freely between all parts and assemblies of the motor, reliably enveloping them with a protective oil film. The layer smoothes friction, making sliding smoother when structural elements touch. This leads to increased engine performance and fuel fluid savings.

Oil use

The manufactured product Ford Formula F 5W30 is recommended by the auto concern "Ford", of course, for its models. But, having acquired positive reviews and having passed many tests by third parties, the oil has been approved for use by other vehicle and powertrain manufacturers. The main thing is that the requirement for use must be observed, consistent with the instructions for the type and specification of the engine.

Lubricant "Ford Formula" can be freely poured into engines that operate on gasoline and diesel fuel. The product can be used both in cars and in trucksequipped four-stroke engines internal combustion. Suitable for modern vehicles as well as older and older car models.

Due to its stable viscosity, the grease has a wide temperature Range operating mode. The oil structure does not collapse down to -40 ℃ and withstands heat loads up to 226 ℃. This allows the engine to operate under a variety of conditions.

It is allowed to use the lubricant with motors that are equipped with an injector, an additional system for cleaning harmful exhaust gases, an intercooler and turbines in diesel units.

Technical information

Based on tests, laboratory analyzes by independent commissions and approved standards, it can be firmly determined that Ford Formula F 5W30 grease meets the SAE standard, which is declared as an all-season. This characterizes the oil as a product suitable for use at any time of the year at low subzero and high thermal temperatures. Kinematic viscosity at 100 ℃ is 9.49 mm² / s, which is slightly lower for this category of oils. The same parameter at 40 ℃ is 53.30 mm² / s. The viscosity index is 163.

An alkaline index of 11.22 (mg. KOH per 1 g) provides the oil with excellent detergency. The low acid number of 1.33 gives a decent growth margin for the lubricant.

The pour point of the grease is -40 ℃, which is the norm for the 5W-30 grade. Ignition temperature is 226 ℃, and also within normal limits.

The purity of hydrocracking synthetics confirms the sulfur content - 0.278% mass fraction.

Ford Formula oil has a friction modifier, organic molybdenum, which has a positive effect on wear resistance.

Packing container

Packaging volumes Ford Formula F 5W30: 5l, 60l, 208l and a liter canister for adding lubricant. One liter and five liter cans are the most popular sizes. They can be purchased at almost any specialized point of sale: car dealership, service station or dealership... A 5-liter package is usually enough for the next oil change, which is carried out after the regulated vehicle mileage interval of 10-15 thousand km. If the volume of the liquid to be poured, required for the engine, exceeds 5 liters, then the required number of packages is purchased in advance. For many models, the standard required amount of oil in the engine is 4-4.5 liters. The manufacturer of lubricants took this into account, and therefore Ford Formula F 5W30 5L oil is the most widely consumed packaging.

Benefits

"Ford" oil has a number of undeniable positive indicators:

  • high cleansing properties;
  • high-quality thermostable parameters;
  • smooth first start on a "cold" engine;
  • large operating temperature range;
  • antiwear additives;
  • detergent package of calcium-based additives;
  • friction modifier;
  • maximally coordinated operation with Ford engines;
  • relatively affordable cost.

How to distinguish a fake Ford Formula F 5W30

Due to the high popularity of the lubricant product, there are cases of counterfeit products. Fake oil, of course, will not immediately disrupt the engine's performance, but it will not give out those effective properties to protect the power plant from overheating and premature wear. Will definitely contaminate the motor, and with prolonged use can lead to serious damage.

A fake can be distinguished from a branded product by its external features:

  • On counterfeit packaging, the label is indistinct, vague. The original one has voluminous inscriptions and drawings.
  • The date of the oil filling in a fake Ford Formula F 5W30 is applied on the front side, below the label in ink. On the original packaging, this information is located on the back under the instructions and was made using a laser.
  • The difference in the location of the measuring scale: for counterfeit oil, it is closer to the filler neck, not reaching the bottom of the package. The opposite is true for a real lubricant.

Almost all car manufacturers indicate which brand of oil is best to be poured into the engine of their cars. However, there are manufacturing plants (mainly large auto giants) that themselves produce special oil only for their models. These include the Ford brand. Under it, not only cars are produced, but also oil. For example, Ford Formula F 5w30, designed specifically for Fords.

Description Ford Formula F 5w30

The oil is produced under the Ford brand, but BP Europa produces it by order of the auto giant. It is recommended to fill it into the internal combustion engine of almost all Ford vehicles. Structurally, Ford Formula F with a viscosity of 5W 30 is a synthetic product, but produced using hydrocracking technology.

It is versatile, providing good work engine. Suitable for use at any time of the year, as it maintains viscosity parameters over a wide temperature range.

The viscosity and fluidity are optimal, due to which, even in frost, the engine starts up with ease.

Features and characteristics

The oil is supplied with the necessary additive package to ensure:

  • Viscosity stability under all conditions,
  • Engine cleanliness,
  • No sludge and carbon deposits.

Moreover, they prevent the risk of oil thickening.

Ford Formula F 5w30 is characterized by excellent lubricating properties. It forms a complete protective filmreducing friction between contacting elements, and, as a consequence, minimizing their wear.

Thanks to these qualities of the lubricant, the engine efficiency (efficiency) increases, fuel is saved.

Due to the stability of the viscosity, the fluidity of the car oil is kept practically at the same level, regardless of the season and street temperature. As a result, a trouble-free start of the engine in cold weather is ensured, and in the heat - the absence of dilution and increase in waste.

At high temperatures, Ford Formula F 5w-30 engine oil does not thin, even if the engine is very hot. In such conditions, it does not evaporate and does not burn out. Thanks to such properties, it is practically not consumed, which means that it can be used from replacement to replacement without refilling.

Ford Formula F 5w30 has good cleaning properties. Because of this, it does not allow corrosion, slags, soot and other contamination to appear on engine parts. Friction becomes less, due to which the resource of the power unit increases, and power is not lost.

Specifications

The properties of Ford Formula F 5W 30 are almost identical synthetic oils PJSC categories. It complies with all international standards and therefore the information provided is correct.

  • The viscosity of the oil at 100 degrees is 9.49. This parameter is lower than that of competitors.
  • The base number is 11.22, which means that it has good detergent and neutralizing properties.
  • The acidity is only 1.33, which is not enough, but the stock is excellent.
  • The ash content is 1.22, which is more than acceptable.

The pour point is minus 40, the flash point is 226 degrees. Nothing unusual, acceptable performance. In cold weather, the oil will allow you to start the engine without any problems, since the viscosity of the imitation of cranking by the starter remains at -30 degrees.

Volatility - 10.9, good indicator. Sulfur content 0.278. This shows that the oil is formulated with hydrocracking and not mineral components.

The oil contains organic molybdenum. It reduces the level of friction, and as a result, the life of the motor increases.

Specifications, approvals

Ford Formula F 5W 30 is approved by car manufacturers Ford, Land Rover, Mazda, Jaguar, Nissan.

Conforms to classifications:

  • ILSAC GF-4,
  • API SM / CF,
  • ACEA A1 / B1, A5 / B5.

Has Ford WSS-M2C913-A / B / C approvals.

Application of Ford Formula F 5w30

The car oil was developed taking into account all the nuances of the engines of Ford cars. As a result, it is suitable for both passenger cars and trucks. It can be poured into diesel motors, and in gasoline, as well as with installed particulate filters.

However, oil can be added not only to Ford, but also to cars from other manufacturers. To do this, you need to make sure that it is exactly suitable for a particular engine.

It is optimal in any mode:

  • In the city,
  • Zagorodny,
  • On the tracks
  • In extreme conditions.

It can be filled in both modern new and worn out engines running on gasoline and diesel fuel. For all this, it retains iCE system in excellent condition for any driving style.

Advantages of Ford Formula F 5w30

Any car oil has advantages and disadvantages. Ford Formula F 5w30 engine oil is no exception. He revealed the following advantages:

  • Optimum viscosity is maintained in all conditions, both in frost and heat;
  • In cold weather, the oil retains its fluidity, and pumpability improves;
  • Thanks to the above qualities, in winter, starting the engine is always easy and does not cause problems;
  • All engine elements are protected from corrosion and wear, which usually occurs due to microcracks - they do not form, since the oil film is of optimal thickness;
  • When filling the Ford Formula F 5w-30, the engine starts to work better, since its full potential is revealed;
  • It is practically not consumed and does not settle on the parts in the form of carbon deposits. It suffices from replacement to replacement;
  • Diesel particulate filters are reliably protected, their stable operation is ensured;
  • Does not corrode seals and rubber elements in the motor. Accordingly, its leakage with a working engine is impossible.

No obvious deficiencies have been identified with this engine oil. However, this is only true if the original is filled in.

If you fill in a fake, then the full operation of the engine is not guaranteed, in addition, various kinds of problems may arise. Therefore, when buying, you need to make sure that you have the original in front of you.

How not to run into a fake

Ford Formula F 5w-30 is popular in certain circles of motorists, resulting in a flood of counterfeit products. How not to run into a fake when buying oil?

First of all, look at the date of manufacture of the canister itself and the spill. They need to be compared. If the date of manufacture of the canister is later than the spill, then most likely you have a fake.

Now let's make a direct comparison. Points on which oils differ:

  1. Ford logo. On the original, it is well drawn, bright and saturated, but on a fake it is dull and there is no transition from dark to light colors.
  2. Drawing of the sun. It is also on the packaging. Have original oil the sun is clearly drawn, there are 3 halos, and on a fake it is barely visible.
  3. Hatching. It is applied under the inscription and in the original it is well expressed and traced, but on a fake it is dull.
  4. The transparent measure of the displacement on the original does not reach the very neck, and from below it ends only at the bottom. On a fake, everything is much worse - at the top it ends at the neck, and it does not reach the bottom.
  5. Date stamping. On the original packaging, the symbols are clearly visible and are embossed to the touch. On a fake, the characters are dim and erased if you slide your finger over them.
  6. The quality of the plastic. In order to understand the quality of the plastic, press the handle. On the original, it will quickly return to its previous state, but on a fake it will remain in this position. In this case, on the original packaging, you need to make an effort, but on a fake it is done easily.
  7. Inscriptions on the back. Original products must be labeled in both English and Russian. On the fake, they are written only in English;
  8. Vendor code. If there is an article number 1595E on the package, then this is the original. If the article is 14E8BA, then most likely it is fake oil.

To be sure of the quality of the oil, you need to do a little experiment. To do this, pour a little oil into a small container and put it in the freezer for a day.

If after that the oil remains liquid and overflows easily, then this is definitely the original, but if it initially freezes, then it is not recommended to pour it into the motor.

When purchasing, you can also check the product by SKU. It is produced in containers:

  • 1 liter: articles 155D4B, 14E8B9, 14E9ED, 1515DA, 15595A.
  • 5 liters: 155D3A, 14E8BA, 14E9EC, 155D3A, 15595E.
  • 60 liters: 15595F.
  • 208 Liters: 15594D.

Ford Formula F 5w30 engine oil is the best option for all Ford vehicles, both passenger cars and trucks. It has excellent cleaning properties, responds well to temperature changes, and also improves engine performance.

At the same time, it does not form too thick a film, so the engine power is not lost. Ford Formula F 5W30 can be safely poured into a car, but before pouring it is recommended to make sure that the composition is original.

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