Working programm

by discipline MDK 01.02 Maintenance and repair of road transport

for basic training

specialty 02.23.03 Maintenance and repair of road transport

graduate qualification technician

form of education full-time

1.1. Scope of the program

The program (hereinafter the work program) is a part of the main professional educational program of secondary vocational education in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard in the specialty of vocational education 02.23.03 Maintenance and repair of road transport(basic training) in terms of mastering the main type of professional activity (VPA) and relevant professional competencies (PC):

PC 1.1. Organize and carry out maintenance and repair work for vehicles.

PC 1.2.

1.2. Goals and objectives of the MDK - requirements for the results of mastering the MDK

In order to master the specified type of professional activity and the corresponding professional competencies, the student in the course of mastering the MDC must:

have practical experience:

development and assembly of vehicle units and assemblies;

technical control of the operated transport;

implementation of maintenance and repair.

be able to:

to develop and implement a technological process of maintenance and repair of vehicles;

carry out technical control of vehicles;

evaluate the efficiency of production activities;

carry out an independent search for the necessary information to solve professional problems;

analyze and evaluate the state of labor protection at the production site.

know:

device and fundamentals of the theory of rolling stock of road transport;

basic circuits for switching on elements of electrical equipment;

properties and quality indicators of automotive operating materials;

rules for preparing technical and reporting documentation;

qualifications, basic characteristics and technical parameters of road transport;

methods of assessment and quality control in professional activities;

main provisions of the current regulatory documentation;

fundamentals of the organization of the enterprise and its management;

rules and norms of labor protection, industrial sanitation and fire protection.

MDK 01.02:

total -720 hours, including:

the maximum study load of the student is 720 hours, including:

compulsory classroom teaching load of the student - 480 hours;

student's independent work - 240 hours;

laboratory and practical - 92 hours;

training practice - 288 hours.

2.Results of mastering MDK 01.02

The result of mastering the program is the mastery of students by the type of professional activity (VPA) Maintenance and repair of vehicles, including professional (PC) and general (OK) competencies:

	Name of the learning outcome
	Organize and carry out maintenance and repair work for vehicles.
	Carry out technical control during storage, operation, maintenance and repair vehicles.
	Organize your own activities, choose standard methods and ways of performing professional tasks, evaluate their effectiveness and quality
	Make decisions in standard and non-standard situations and be responsible for them.
	Search and use the information necessary for the effective performance of professional tasks, professional and personal development
	Use information and communication technologies to improve professional performance
	Work both individually and in a team, communicate effectively with colleagues, management, consumers
	Set goals, motivate the activities of subordinates, organize and control their work with taking responsibility for the result of completing tasks
	To independently determine the tasks of professional and personal development, engage in self-education, consciously plan professional development
	Navigate in the face of frequent technology changes in professional activities.
	Fulfill military duty, including using the acquired professional knowledge (for young men)

3. STRUCTURE and content of MDK 01.02

3.1. Thematic plan

Professional competency codes	Names of sections of the professional module	Total hours	Amount of time allotted for the development of interdisciplinary course (s)					Practice
			Compulsory classroom study load of the student			Student's independent work		Educational,	Production (according to the profile of the specialty), (if dispersed practice is envisaged)
			Total,	incl. laboratory work and practical exercises,		Total,	including, term paper (project),
PC 1.1-1.3	Section 1.
PC 1.1-1.3	Section 2.
PC 1.1-1.3	Section 3. Diagnostics of technical means of cars
PC 1.1-1.3	Section 4. Car repair
	Industrial practice (according to the profile of the specialty), hours (if a final (concentrated) practice is provided) Study practice .....
Total:

Names of sections of interdisciplinary courses (MDC) and topics				Clock volume		Development level
Section 1.
MDK 01. 02. Maintenance and repair of road transport
	Introduction
Topic 1.1.Fundamentals of maintenance and repair of rolling stock
			Vehicle reliability and durability
			Maintenance and repair system of rolling stock.
			Regulations on the maintenance and repair of the rolling stock of road transport
			Fundamentals of diagnosing the technical condition of cars

Topic 1.2.Technological and diagnostic equipment for technical maintenance and repair of cars
		General information about technological and diagnostic equipment, devices and tools.
		Equipment for harvesting, washing and cleaning works.
		Inspection and handling equipment.
		Equipment for lubrication and filling works.
		Equipment, fixtures and tools for disassembly and assembly works.
		Diagnostic equipment
Topic 1.3. Technology of maintenance and repair of rolling stock of road transport
		Daily car maintenance
		Diagnosing the engine as a whole
		Maintenance and current repairs of crank and gas distribution mechanisms.
		Maintenance and repair of cooling and lubrication systems.
		Maintenance and current repair of the power supply system of carburetor engines.
		Maintenance and current repair of the diesel engine power system.
		Maintenance and routine repair of the power supply system for engines running on gas fuel.
		Maintenance and current repair of electrical equipment.
		Maintenance and current repair of the transmission.
		Maintenance and running repairs of the chassis and car tires.
		Maintenance and current repair of control mechanisms.
		Maintenance and current repair of bodies, cabins and platforms.
		Diagnostics of cars at posts of general and element-by-element diagnostics.
	Laboratory works
		Engine diagnostics using built-in devices.
		Maintenance and running repairs of the crank mechanism.
		Maintenance and current repair of the gas distribution mechanism.
		Maintenance and repair of the cooling system.
		Maintenance and repair of the engine lubrication system.
		Maintenance and current repair of power supply system devices removed from the engine
		Maintenance and current repair of devices for cleaning and supplying fuel, air and exhaust gases.
		Identification and elimination of malfunctions in the power supply system of the carburetor engine. Carburetor adjustment.
		Diagnostics, maintenance and current repair of fuel cleaning and supply devices, power systems diesel engine.
		Diagnostics, maintenance and current repair of air purification devices, diesel engine power systems.
		Diagnostics, maintenance and current repair of injectors, AMOVT injection pump.
		Determination and elimination of malfunctions of the diesel engine power system.

		Maintenance and current repair of the engine power supply system from gas cylinder units.
		Diagnostics, maintenance and current repair of power supply system devices.
		Diagnostics, maintenance and current repair of ignition system devices.
		Diagnostics of electrical devices using a tester.
		Diagnostics, maintenance and current repair of engine electric start devices.
		Diagnostics, maintenance and current repair of sound and light alarm devices, additional equipment and lighting devices.
		Diagnostics, maintenance and current repair of the clutch.
		Diagnostics, maintenance and current repair of gearboxes, cardan drives and driving axles.
		Diagnostics and installation of angles, adjustment of wheel alignment angles, pivot pivot angles.
		Checking and adjusting clearances in pivots, ball bearings and wheel bearings, maintenance of the chassis.
		Vulcanization of chambers. Routine tire repair.
		Installation and dismantling of pneumatic tires. Wheel balancing.
		Diagnostics, maintenance and current repair of steering.
		Diagnostics, maintenance and current repair of power steering.
		Diagnostics, maintenance and routine repair of hydraulic brake systems and parking brakes.
		Diagnostics, maintenance and routine repair of pneumatic brake systems.
		General car diagnostics.
		Elementary car diagnostics.
Topic 1.4. Organization of storage and accounting of rolling stock and inventory.
		Storage of rolling stock of road transport.
		Storage, accounting of production stocks and ways to reduce the cost of material and fuel and energy resources.
Topic 1.5.Organization and management of maintenance and repair production.
		Classification of trucking companies
		General characteristics of the technological process of maintenance and current repair of rolling stock.
		Organization of work of repair workers.
		Organization of vehicle maintenance.
		Organization of current car repair.
		Organization of quality control of maintenance and current repair of cars
Topic 1.6. Automated control systems in the organization of maintenance and routine repair of road transport
		Forms and methods of organization and production management
		Automated control systems in the organization of maintenance and routine repair of cars
		Analysis and modeling of the production process of maintenance and repair of cars
		Automated workplace workers of the technical service of the transport company.
	Laboratory works
		Drawing up a daily shift assignment for a repair team.
		Drawing up a plan for the dispatcher's report.
		Drawing up a shift-daily assignment for a production preparation site
		Calculation of the production program of maintenance and current repair on a computer using simulation programs.
		Analysis and solution of tasks of the type: AWP equipment for rolling stock, drawing up a reporting sheet.
Topic 1.7. Basics of designing production sites of motor transport enterprises.
		Fundamentals of technological design of production sites of motor transport enterprises.

Independent work when studying section 1
Fulfillment of assignments for the preparation and design of sections of the course project. Implementation of individual assignments using technical and reference literature.
Correction of standards for maintenance and routine repair of cars. Installation of ignition on a car. Automatic transmission. Diagnostics and maintenance automatic box gear changes. Modern equipment for diagnostics of the running gear of passenger cars. Shock test benches. Car tire markings. Anti-lock braking system (anti-lock braking system). Traction control system air wheels, (stabilization system). Body work. Body restoration after a traffic accident. Applied equipment. Means for anti-corrosion treatment of the body (brands and application technology). The classification scheme for cleaning and washing equipment. Classification of lifts. Factors affecting the progressiveness of technology maintenance and repair of cars. Means of technical diagnostics of systems that ensure the safety of the car. Means of technical diagnostics of the engine, its systems and operating properties. Repair of electrical equipment. Repair of transmission units and parts. Repair of units and parts of the chassis of the car. Repair of units and parts of control mechanisms. Car tire repair. Cab, body repair. Development of parts recovery schemes. Solving problems for standardization. Calculation of the main users for the design of repair production sites. Development of sections of the course project and the implementation of drawings.

MDK 01.02.
	Introduction
Topic 2.1. Automotive fuel
		The chemical composition of fuel and lubricants. Methods for obtaining petroleum fuels.
		Automobile gasolines.
		Automotive diesel fuels.
		Gas and oil motor fuels.
	Laboratory works
		Evaluation of gasoline according to the passport, external signs. Analysis for the content of water-soluble acids and alkalis. Determination of the density of gasoline. Determination of the fractional composition of gasoline.
		Evaluation of diesel fuel according to passport data. Assessment of the presence of mechanical impurities and water. Determination of kinematic viscosity of diesel fuel at 20 ° C. Determination of the pour point of diesel fuel. Determination of the brand of diesel fuel in accordance with GOST and the solution of the issue of its use.
Topic 2.2. Automotive lubricants.
		Automotive lubricating oils.
		Automotive greases.
	Laboratory works.
		Evaluation of engine oils according to passport data. Determination of the presence of mechanical impurities. Determination of kinematic viscosity of oil at 50 ° C and 70 ° C. Determination of the viscosity index. Determination of the viscosity grade according to GOST and the solution of the issue of its application. Determination of the presence of water in engine oil.
		Evaluation of grease according to passport data. Test of the lubricant for solubility in water and gasoline. Determination of the camp drop temperature of the lubricant Establishing the brand of grease in accordance with GOST and resolving the issue of its use.
Topic 2.3.Automotive special fluids
	Laboratory works
		Evaluation of antifreeze sample according to passport data. Determination of the appearance and the presence of mechanical impurities. Determination of the composition and freezing point of antifreeze.
Topic 2.4. Organization of the rational use of fuel and lubricants in road transport.
			Organization of rational use of fuel and lubricants at road transport.
Topic 2.5. Construction and repair materials.
		paints and varnishes
		Construction and operational materials
Topic 2.6. Safety and environmental protection when using automotive consumables.
		Safety and environmental protection.
Independent work when studying section 2 Systematic study of abstracts of classes, educational and special technical literature (on questions, paragraphs, chapters of textbooks, compiled by the teacher). Preparation for laboratory / practical exercises using methodological recommendations drawn up by teachers. Preparation of reports on the performed laboratory work / practical exercises and preparation for their defense. Self-study of electronic resources. Execution of abstracts. Preparation of messages, reports on topics set by the teacher individually. Use of Internet resources.
Extracurricular independent work Development automotive industry in Russia. Suspension of the car and power unit. Timing with lower valves. Coolants, oils for engines. Ventilation of the engine crankcase. Motor gasoline: neutralization of exhaust gases. Fuels for gas-cylinder vehicles. Diesel fuels. Detonation, the influence of various factors on detonation. Glow ignition. Exhaust gas toxicity. Ways to reduce toxicity. Features of the use of automotive operating materials in modern conditions. The main indicators of the quality of diesel fuels. Alternative fuels. Classification of engine oils according to SAE and API. Transmission oils. Fluids for cooling systems. Fluids for hydraulic systems. The main measures to save fuels, oils, technical fluids in road transport Influence of the quality of fuel and lubricants on the operation of rolling stock of road transport Paints and varnishes Toxicity and flammability of fuel and lubricants Environmental monitoring.

Section 3 Diagnostics of technical means of cars.
MDK 01.02.
	Introduction
Diagnostics of technical means of cars.
	Fundamentals and organization of technical diagnostics of cars.
		Requirements for technical diagnostics of vehicles during operation. Diagnostic parameters and their classification.
		Construction of a diagnostic algorithm. General requirements for technical diagnostics (STD).
		Nomenclature of means of technical diagnostics.
		Organization of technical diagnostics of cars on trucking companies.
		Norms of diagnostic parameters and their standardization. Accuracy and reliability of car diagnostics.
	Technology for diagnosing the technical condition of cars.
		General car diagnostics. Diagnostics of the crank and gas distribution mechanisms.
		Diagnostics of cooling and lubrication systems.
		Diagnostics of the devices of the power supply system of the carburetor engine and fuel injection systems.
		Diagnostics of the diesel engine power supply system. Diagnostics of preheaters.
		Diagnostics of power supply devices. Diagnostics of devices of the ignition system.
		Diagnostics of the starting system and lighting and signaling devices.
		Diagnostics of transmission mechanisms.
		Running gear diagnostics. Diagnosis of steering controls.
		Diagnostics of hydraulic brake systems.
		Diagnostics of systems with pneumatic drive. Diagnostics of additional equipment.
Independent work when studying section 3 Systematic study of abstracts of classes, educational and special technical literature (on questions, paragraphs, chapters of textbooks, compiled by the teacher). Preparation for laboratory / practical exercises using methodological recommendations drawn up by teachers. Preparation of reports on the performed laboratory work / practical exercises and preparation for their defense. Self-study of electronic resources. Execution of abstracts. Preparation of messages, reports on topics set by the teacher individually. Use of Internet resources.
Approximate topics of extracurricular independent work Determination of the nomenclature of structural and diagnostic parameters. Selection of diagnostic parameters for assessing the technical condition of vehicles. Development of a block - diagram of structural - effect relationships in the chain of diagnostics. The main indicators of the reliability of technical diagnostics. Drawing up a table of means of technical diagnostics indicating: name, model, purpose. Typical types of work for express diagnostics. The limiting values \u200b\u200bof the main diagnostic parameters of domestic passenger cars and trucks... Car diagnostics by parameters that determine braking dynamics. Diagnostics of the tightness of the valve seat in the seat. Diagnostics of the crankcase ventilation system. Drawing up a table of diagnostic parameters of the carburetor with an indication of their nominal and permissible values. Drawing up a table of diagnostic parameters of the diesel power system devices with an indication of their nominal and permissible values. Search for the reasons for the lack of fuel and air supply to the combustion chamber of the heater boiler and the slow warming up of the engine. Execution of the alternator diagnostic circuit. Drawing up a table of diagnostic parameters of devices of a contactless ignition system. Drawing up a table of diagnostic parameters of starter devices. Drawing up a table of permissible and nominal diagnostic parameters of the chassis of the car. Drawing up a technological chart for diagnostics of steering, brake systems with a hydraulic drive and a pneumatic drive vehicle. Diagnostics of the pump of the dump truck body lifting mechanism.

Section 4 Car repair
MDK 01.02.
	Introduction
		General Provisions car repair
		Fundamentals of the organization of major car repairs.
Topic 4.2. Car overhaul technology.
		Acceptance of cars and units for repair and their external wash.
		Dismantling of vehicles and assemblies.
		Washing and cleaning of parts.
		Fault detection and sorting of parts.
		Completing parts.
		Assembly and testing of units.
		General assembly, testing and delivery of cars from repair.
	Laboratory works
		Cylinder block flaw detection.
		Crankshaft defective.
		Camshaft fault.
		Connecting rod defective.
		Fault detection of spur gears and splined shafts.
		Fault detection of rolling and plain bearings. Spring fault detection.
		Completion of pistons with cylinder liners.
		Completion of parts for the crank mechanism.
	Practical work.
		Calculation of size groups when completing pistons with cylinder liners.
Topic 4.3. Ways to restore parts.
		Classification of methods for restoring parts.
		Restoration of parts by metalwork and mechanical processing.
		Restoration of parts by pressure.
		Restoration of parts by welding and surfacing.
		Restoration of parts by spraying.
		Restoration of parts by soldering.
		Restoration of parts by electroplating.
		Restoration of parts using synthetic materials.
Topic 4.4. Technology of parts restoration, repair of units and devices.
		General Provisions.
		Development of technological repair processes
		Repair of parts of the class "body parts"
		Repair of parts of the class "round bars and bars with shaped surface"
		Repair of parts of the class "hollow cylinders"
		Repair of parts of the class "discs with a smooth perimeter"
		Repair of parts of the class "non-circular bars"
		Repair of units and devices of cooling and lubrication systems.
		Repair of units and devices of power systems.
		Repair of electrical equipment.
		Car tire repair.
		Body and cab repair.
		Repair quality management.
	Laboratory works
		Cylinder block boring.
		Honing of the cylinder block.
		Repair of valve seats.
	Course design
		Engine maintenance and repair. MOT and gearbox repair.
		Maintenance and repair of gas-powered vehicles. Maintenance and repair of KShM.
		Starter maintenance and repair. Maintenance and repair of the chassis.
		Car cooling system maintenance and repair. Maintenance and repair of the timing.
		Maintenance and repair of the brake system of cars. Maintenance and repair of the engine power supply system.
		Maintenance and repair of car ignition systems. Maintenance and repair of the diesel engine power system.
Independent work when studying section 4 Systematic study of abstracts of classes, educational and special technical literature (on questions, paragraphs, chapters of textbooks, compiled by the teacher). Preparation for laboratory / practical exercises using methodological recommendations drawn up by teachers. Preparation of reports on the performed laboratory work / practical exercises and preparation for their defense. Self-study of electronic resources. Execution of abstracts. Preparation of messages, reports on topics set by the teacher individually. Use of Internet resources.
Extracurricular independent work Restoration of parts to repair size. Reconditioning parts with additional repair parts. Restoration of parts by welding, surfacing. Restoration of parts by soldering. Restoration of parts using synthetic materials. Restoration of parts by spraying and electroplating. Restoration of parts with paintwork. Restoration of engine parts. Repair of units and devices of the engine power system. Repair of units and devices of the cooling system. Repair of units and devices of the lubrication system. Repair of electrical equipment. Repair of transmission units and parts. Repair of units and parts of the chassis of the car. Repair of units and parts of control mechanisms. Car tire repair. Cab, body repair. Development of parts recovery schemes. Solving problems for standardization. Calculation of the main users for the design of repair production areas. Development of sections of the course project and the implementation of drawings

4. conditions for the implementation of MDK 01.02 4.1. Minimum Logistics Requirements

The implementation of the module program assumes the presence of classrooms - "Maintenance and repair of cars"; laboratories - "Electrical equipment of cars", "Automotive operating materials", "Engines internal combustion"," Car maintenance "," Car repair ".

	Car maintenance
		engine models;
		car layout.
		computers;
		projector,
		expendable materials.
	Automotive operating materials
		jobs by the number of students;
		teacher's workplace;
		technical documentation;
		methodical documentation;

Main sources:

Organization of the production of technical maintenance and current repair of cars - a textbook for students of SPO / V.M. Vinogradov, I.V. Bukhteeva, V.N. Repin, A.A. Sokolov - M .: Publishing Center "Academy", 2010.

INFRA-M, 2006

M .: FORUM - INFRA-M, 2006.

Additional sources:

protection. Body. Part 2.

in 2 parts, 2009

5. Monitoring and evaluation of the results of mastering the MDK

results
PC 1.1. Organize and carry out maintenance and repair works of vehicles		Expert assessment of implementation practical assignment Defense of the course project
		Expert assessment of implementation practical assignment Defense of the course project
PC 1.3. To develop technological processes for the repair of units and parts.		Expert assessment of implementation practical assignment Defense of the course project

results	Main indicators for assessing the result	Forms and methods of control and evaluation
Understand the essence and social significance of your future profession, show a steady interest in it
results (mastered general competences)	Main indicators for assessing the result	Forms and methods of control and evaluation
		Observation and assessment of achievements while performing tasks on laboratory and practical exercises, during the educational and industrial practice;
		Observation and assessment of achievements while performing tasks in laboratory and practical classes, during educational and industrial practice; Assessment of achievements based on the results of performing extracurricular independent work.
		Observation and assessment of achievements during the performance of tasks in laboratory and practical classes, during educational and industrial practice.
		Observation and assessment of achievements during the performance of tasks in laboratory and practical classes, during educational and industrial practice. Observation and evaluation of achievements based on the results of activities in extracurricular activities.
results (mastered general competences)	Main indicators for assessing the result	Forms and methods of control and evaluation
		Observation and assessment of achievements during the performance of tasks in laboratory and practical classes, during educational and industrial practice.
		Observation and assessment of achievements during the performance of tasks in laboratory and practical classes, during educational and industrial practice.

4. Conditions for the implementation of MDK 01.02

4.1. Minimum Logistics Requirements

The implementation of the module program assumes the presence of classrooms - "Car construction", "Maintenance and repair of cars"; workshops - "Forging and welding", "Turning and mechanical"; laboratories - "Electrical equipment of cars", "Automotive operating materials", "Internal combustion engines", "Maintenance of cars", "Car repair".

Equipment of classrooms and workplaces of classrooms:

	Car maintenance
		jobs by the number of students;
		stands for checking the maintenance of mechanisms and systems;
		engine models;
		car layout.
Technical training aids:
		computer desk for the teacher;
		computers;
		projector,
		general and professional software.
Equipment for workshops and workshop workplaces
	Forging and welding
		jobs by the number of students;
		teacher's workplace;
		forge forge;
		anvils, equipment for the production of blacksmiths (hammers, sledgehammers, pliers, etc.)
		welding machines for the production of welding (gas, electric)
		consumables (electrodes, carbide, etc.)
	Turning and mechanical
		jobs by the number of students;
		teacher's workplace;
		lathes, milling, sharpening, etc .;
		workpieces for turning work;
		tools;
		expendable materials.
Equipment of laboratories and laboratory workplaces:
	Electrical equipment of cars
		jobs by the number of students;
		teacher's workplace;
		a set of educational and methodological documentation;
		control and test stands for checking the technical condition of units and parts of electrical equipment of cars;
		charging device for storage batteries;
		demonstration stands of electrical equipment systems;
		nodes and parts;
		instrumentation.
	Automotive operating materials
		jobs by the number of students;
		teacher's workplace;
		technical documentation;
		methodical documentation;
		instruments and equipment for determining the quality of fuels and lubricants;
		devices for determining the mechanical properties of fuels and lubricants;
		microscopes, heating ovens, refrigerator;
		samples of tested fuels and lubricants \\
	Internal combustion engines
		jobs by the number of students;
		teacher's workplace;
		technical documentation;
		methodical documentation;
		internal combustion engine;
		stand for taking the traction characteristics of the engine.
	Car maintenance
		jobs by the number of students;
		teacher's workplace;
		stands for checking the maintenance of mechanisms and systems;
		engine models;
		car layout;
		devices and equipment for diagnostics of an internal combustion engine, transmission, running gear, steering and brake systems
	Car repair
		jobs by the number of students;
		teacher's workplace;
		sets of measuring instruments;
		nodes and parts for fault detection;
		workbenches for fastening parts.

The implementation of the module program assumes mandatory industrial practice, which is recommended to be carried out in a concentrated manner.

4.2. Information support of training

Main sources:

Cars: The device of automobile means: a textbook for students. institutions SPO / A.G. Puzankov 6th edition, erased. - M .: Publishing Center "Academy", 2010.

Cars: Design, theory and calculation. Textbook for open source software. Puzankov A.G. Moscow: publishing center "Academy", 2007.

Quality control of automotive operating materials; workshop: textbook for students of secondary vocational education / Gelenov A.A., Sochevko T.I., Spirkin V.G. - M .: Publishing Center "Academy", 2010.

Automotive operational materials - a textbook for students of SPO / Gelenov A.A., Sochevko T.I., Spirkin V.G. - M .: Publishing Center "Academy", 2010.

Cars: Operational properties: Textbook for stud. higher. uch. institutions / V.K. Vakhlamov - 2nd edition, ster.-M .: Publishing Center "Academy", 2006.

Organization of the production of technical maintenance and current repair of cars - a textbook for students of SPO / V.M. Vinogradov, I.V. Bukhteeva, V.N. Repin, A.A. Sokolov - M .: Publishing Center "Academy", 2010.

Car maintenance and repair. Vlasov V.M. Textbook. M .: Academy, 2007.

Peculiarities of maintenance of KAMAZ vehicles with engines of EURO-2, EURO-3 5460-3902901 TO. 2008

Basics of performance technical systems... Automobile transport - textbook / V.G. Atapin - Novosibirsk: publishing house of NSTU, 2007.

Maintenance and repair of road transport (Diploma design) / Svetlov M.V. M .: KNORUS. 2011

Car repair (Course design) / Skepyan S.A.M .: INFRA-M. 2011

Professional repair of internal combustion engines. Gavrilov K.L. M .: FORUM. 2011

Organization of the production of technical maintenance and current repair of cars - a textbook for students of SPO / V.M. Vinogradov, I.V. Bukhteeva, V.N. Repin, A.A. Sokolov - M .: Publishing Center "Academy", 2010.

Car and engine repair. Karagodin V.I., Mitrokhin N.N. M .: "Academy". 2008

15. Vehicle device. Tutorial. / Perederiy V.P. M .: FORUM

INFRA-M, 2006

16. The device of cars. Tutorial. / Stukanov V.A., Leontiev K.N.

M .: FORUM - INFRA-M, 2006.

Additional sources:

1. Acceptance for repair, repair and release from repair of VAZ car bodies by car service enterprises. Technical conditions. (TU4538-140-00232934-98) (current document).

2. Technological charts, time norms for routine and post repairs of NefAZ 5299 buses, produced on the KamAZ-5297 chassis.

3. Technological maps for the current repair of KamAZ vehicles, models: 5320, 5410, 5511, 4310, 43105 and their modifications (5 parts).

4. Typical technology for performing routine maintenance of the daily first, second and seasonal technical maintenance of the ZIL-4331 vehicle.

5. Distributed fuel injection systems for VAZ vehicles - device and diagnostics. Maintenance and repair technology.

6. Electronic engine control system for cars of the families LADA 110, LADASAMARA, LADA 2105, 2107 with controller М73 EURO-3 - device and diagnostics.

7. Electronic engine control system for cars of the LADAPRIORA, LADAKALINA, LADA 4x4 families with a controller М7.9.7 EURO-3 - device and diagnostics

Fuel and lubricant consumption rates for automobile

VAZ cars. Repair technology, painting and anti-corrosion

protection. Body. Part 2.

VAZ cars. Removal and installation technology. Components and assemblies.

A short automobile reference book. Volume 1. Buses. 2002 2nd

edition, revised and supplemented, 2007

12. Brief automobile reference book. Volume 2. Trucks,

13. A short automobile reference book. Volume 3. Cars,

in 2 parts, 2009

14. Instructions for the maintenance and care of buses "Ikarus

15. Catalog of special tools and accessories for technical

service and repair of LADA cars.

18. Typical norms of time for routine repair of family cars

4.3. General requirements for the organization of the educational process

A prerequisite for admission to industrial practice (according to the profile of the specialty) within the professional module "Maintenance and repair of vehicles" is the development of educational material in the relevant sections of the module.

When working on a course project, students are provided with advice.

4.4. Staffing of the educational process

Requirements for the qualifications of pedagogical (engineering and pedagogical) personnel providing training in an interdisciplinary course (s): availability of higher professional education corresponding to the profile of the module "Maintenance and repair of vehicles" and specialty "Maintenance and repair of road transport".

Requirements for the qualifications of teaching staff who manage practice

Engineering and teaching staff: graduates - teachers of interdisciplinary courses.

Masters: the presence of 5-6 qualification categories with mandatory internship in specialized organizations at least once every 3 years. Work experience in organizations of the relevant professional field is required.

5. Control and assessment of the results of development (type of professional activity)

results (mastered professional competencies)	Main indicators for assessing the result	Forms and methods of control and evaluation
Organize and carry out maintenance and repair work for vehicles.	Carrying out maintenance and repair work in accordance with technological maps. Practical use of technological and organizational equipment. Compliance with safety requirements and rules and norms of labor protection, industrial sanitation and fire protection	Expert assessment of implementation practical assignment Defense of the course project
Carry out technical control during storage, operation, maintenance and repair of vehicles.	quality control of maintenance and repair at various stages using appropriate equipment and tools the ability to check the quality and properties of automotive operating materials	Expert assessment of implementation practical assignment Defense of the course project
To develop technological processes for the repair of units and parts.	Ability to develop technological processes for the repair of units and parts in accordance with GOSTs, OSTs and TUs.	Expert assessment of implementation practical assignment Defense of the course project

The forms and methods of monitoring and evaluating learning outcomes should allow checking not only the formation of professional competencies in students, but also the development of general competencies and the skills that provide them.

results (mastered general competences)	Main indicators for assessing the result	Forms and methods of control and evaluation
Understand the essence and social significance of your future profession, show a steady interest in it	Demonstration of interest in the future profession in the process of mastering the educational program, participation in research work, Olympiads, festivals, conferences	Observation and assessment of achievements while performing tasks in laboratory and practical classes, during educational and industrial practice; Assessment of achievements based on the results of performing extracurricular independent work;
results (mastered general competences)	Main indicators for assessing the result	Forms and methods of control and evaluation
		Observation and evaluation of achievements based on the results of activities in extracurricular activities.
Organize their own activities, choose standard methods and ways of performing professional tasks, evaluate their effectiveness and quality.	Selection and application of methods and methods for solving professional problems in the field of organizing the process; Evaluation of the effectiveness and quality of the performance of professional tasks.	Observation and assessment of achievements while performing tasks in laboratory and practical classes, during the period of educational and industrial practice.
Make decisions in standard and non-standard situations and be responsible for them.	The correctness and objectivity of the assessment of non-standard and emergency situations.	Observation and assessment of achievements during the performance of tasks in laboratory and practical classes, during educational and industrial practice.
Search and use the information necessary for the effective fulfillment of professional tasks, professional and personal development	Effectively search, enter and use the necessary information to complete professional tasks	Observation and assessment of achievements while performing tasks in laboratory and practical classes, during educational and industrial practice; Assessment of achievements based on the results of performing extracurricular independent work.
Use information and communication technologies in professional activities	The use of information and communication technologies for solving professional problems	Observation and assessment of achievements while performing tasks in laboratory and practical classes, during educational and industrial practice; Assessment of achievements based on the results of performing extracurricular independent work.
Work in a team and in a team, communicate effectively with colleagues, management, consumers	Interaction with students and teachers during training.	Observation and assessment of achievements during the performance of tasks in laboratory and practical classes, during educational and industrial practice.
Take responsibility for the work of team members (subordinates), the result of assignments.	Ability to make joint informed decisions, including in non-standard situations	Observation and assessment of achievements during the performance of tasks in laboratory and practical classes, during educational and industrial practice. Observation and evaluation of achievements based on the results of activities in extracurricular activities.
results (mastered general competences)	Main indicators for assessing the result	Forms and methods of control and evaluation
To independently determine the tasks of professional and personal development, engage in self-education, consciously plan professional development	Organization of self-study while studying the professional module; Planning for students to improve their qualifications in the field of road transport.	Observation and assessment of achievements during the performance of tasks in laboratory and practical classes, during educational and industrial practice. Assessment of achievements based on the results of performing extracurricular independent work.
To navigate in the conditions of frequent changes in technologies in professional activities	Application of innovative technologies in the field of organization of technical maintenance and repair of vehicles.	Observation and assessment of achievements during the performance of tasks in laboratory and practical classes, during educational and industrial practice.
Fulfill military duty, including with the application of the acquired professional knowledge (for young men)	Expression of interest in the performance of military duty; The manifestation of logical thinking.	Observation and assessment of achievements during the performance of tasks in laboratory and practical classes, during educational and industrial practice, military training

1. INTRODUCTION

The efficiency of the use of vehicles depends on the perfection of the organization of the transport process and the properties of vehicles to keep within certain limits the values \u200b\u200bof the parameters characterizing their ability to perform the required functions. During the operation of the car, its functional properties gradually deteriorate due to wear, corrosion, damage to parts, fatigue of the material from which they are made, etc. Various malfunctions appear in the car, which reduce the efficiency of its use. To prevent the appearance of defects and their timely elimination, the car is subjected to maintenance (MOT) and repair.

TO is a set of operations or an operation to maintain the performance or serviceability of a car when used for its intended purpose, during parking, storage or transportation. MOT is a preventive measure and is carried out compulsorily in a planned manner, after strictly defined periods of vehicle operation.

Repair is a complex of operations to restore the working capacity and restore the resource of the car or its component parts. Repair is carried out according to the need, which is identified in the maintenance process.

Car maintenance and repair works are preceded by an assessment of its technical condition (diagnostics). Diagnosis during maintenance is carried out to determine its necessity and to predict the moment of occurrence of a faulty condition by comparing the actual values \u200b\u200bof the parameters measured during control with the limit values. Diagnosis during car repair consists in finding a malfunction and establishing a repair method and scope of work during repair, as well as checking the quality renovation works... Timely maintenance and maintenance of rolling stock allows you to keep cars in good technical condition.

Untimely maintenance creates favorable conditions for road traffic accidents and extreme wear and tear and breakdowns of vehicle components and parts. Most often, failures occur in the engine. In terms of the number of failures, a car engine accounts for about half of all failures. Therefore, in this project, a site for the current repair of car engines has been developed.

2. CALCULATION AND TECHNOLOGICAL PART

2.1. Calculation of the annual mileage of the fleet.

2.1.1. Correction of overhaul mileage is performed according to the formula:

where is the standard mileage to KR, according to table. 2.3. for the PAZ-672 bus we take \u003d 320 thousand km; (1)

- correction factor, taking into account the category of operating conditions, for category III \u003d 0.8 (Table 2.8); (1)

- the correction factor, taking into account the modification of the rolling stock, for the base model \u003d 1.0 (Table 2.9); (1)

- the correction factor, taking into account the climatic conditions of operation, for the Vladimir region, located in the zone of moderately cold climate \u003d 0.9 (Table 2.10); (1)

2.1.2. The average turnaround time of the fleet is determined by the formula:

thousand km,

where and - respectively, the number of cars that have not passed and have passed overhaul, \u003d 295, \u003d 70;

2.1.3. Correction of specific downtime in maintenance and repair is performed according to the formula:

day / 1000 km,

where is the standard specific downtime in TO and TR, according to table. 2.6 we take \u003d 0.4 days / 1000 km;

- the average correction factor, taking into account the mileage of cars, is determined by the formula:

,

where,,…, is the number of cars in the intervals of mileage specified in the table. 2.11;

,, ..., - correction factors corresponding to the specified intervals (1)

Day / 1000 km,

2.1.4. We calculate the technical readiness factor according to the formula:

,

where is the number of days of vehicle operation in a cycle:

- days of downtime of the car in MOT and TR per cycle:

- the days of stay of the car in the Kyrgyz Republic, consists of the days of staying directly in the Kyrgyz Republic, according to the table. 2.6 we accept 20 days, and days of transportation to the Kyrgyz Republic, we accept 2 days. (1)

.

2.1.5. We calculate the output ratio according to the formula:

where is the number of working days, \u003d 305 days,

- the number of calendar days;

- the downtime coefficient, which does not depend on the technical condition of the rolling stock, we take \u003d 0.97 (2)

2.1.6. We calculate the annual mileage of the fleet using the formula:

Table 1.

2.2. Calculation of the production program.

2.2.1. Correction of the maintenance frequency is carried out according to the formula:

km,

where is the standard mileage before maintenance, according to table. 2.1 we take \u003d 3500 km and \u003d 14000 km; (1)

0.8 (Table 2.8); (1)

0.9 (Table 2.10). (1)

The obtained values \u200b\u200bof the maintenance frequency are corrected taking into account the average daily mileage:, we take \u003d 9.

From here km, km.

The calculation results are summarized in the table:

Table 2.

Types of maintenance

2.2.2. We calculate the annual production maintenance program according to the formula:

Let's calculate the replacement maintenance program:

With the given values \u200b\u200bof the shift maintenance program, it is advisable to use one maintenance flow line, whereby TO-2 will be carried out in two shifts, and TO-1 on the same line in between shifts.

2.2.3. Correction of the labor intensity of maintenance is carried out according to the formula:

people-hours

where is the initial standard for the labor intensity of TO, we take according to table. 2.2 \u003d 5.5 man-hours, \u003d 18.0 man-hours (1)

1.0 (Table 2.9) (1)

- the correction factor, taking into account the size of the vehicle and the number of technologically joint groups of rolling stock; with the number of cars \u003d 365 units. and the number of technologically compatible groups is less than 3, \u003d 0.85 (Table 2.12) (1)

2.2.4. The annual scope of maintenance work is calculated by the formula:

The calculation results are summarized in a table.

Table 3.

Types of maintenance

2.3. Calculation of the annual labor intensity of maintenance work.

2.3.1. Correction of the specific labor intensity of the current repair is carried out according to the formula:

Person-hour / 1000 km,

where is the initial standard of labor intensity of the TR, Twenty-two points, plus triple-word-score, plus fifty points for using all my letters. Game "s over. I" m outta here. we take according to the table. 2.2 \u003d 5.3 person-hours / 1000 km; (1)

1.2 (Table 2.8) (1)

1.0 (Table 2.9) (1)

1,1 (Table 2.10) (1)

0.85 (Table 2.12) (1)

Person-hours / 1000 km

2.3.2. Determine the annual labor intensity of maintenance work:

The calculation results are summarized in a table.

Table 4.

person-hours / 1000 km						person-hours / 1000 km

2.4. Calculation of the labor intensity of the motor section.

2.4.1. The calculation of the labor intensity of the work of the motor section can be performed according to the formula:

where FROM - the percentage of TR works performed on the motor section is accepted FROM = 13%

2.5. Calculation of the number of workers in the motor section.

2.5.1. The apparent number of workers (number of jobs) is determined by the formula:

we accept \u003d 12 people;

here FRM - the annual production fund of working time of the workplace.

2.5.2. The number of performers is calculated using the formula:

we accept \u003d 13 people;

here Fair - the annual fund of working time of a production worker.

3. ORGANIZATIONAL PART

3.1. The choice of the method of organizing maintenance and repair.

Car maintenance is performed in order to reduce the intensity of wear of parts, identify and prevent failures and malfunctions. With TO-1 and TO-2, control and diagnostic, adjustment, fastening, electrical, lubrication and cleaning work, maintenance of engine power systems are performed, and at the same time, accompanying repairs of units and assemblies are usually performed as needed.

In the practice of ATP, two methods of organizing the technological process of vehicle maintenance are usually used: at universal and at specialized posts.

When servicing at universal posts, the entire scope of work of this type of technical impact is performed at one post, except for the operation of cleaning and washing the car, which, in any organization of the service process, are performed at separate posts. With this method, mainly dead-end, parallel posts are used. The entry of the car to the post is carried out forward, and the exit from the post is carried out in reverse.

Universal travel posts are used only for road trains and cleaning and washing operations. At each universal post, it is possible to perform a different amount of work, which allows you to simultaneously service different types of vehicles and carry out related repairs.

When performing work at specialized posts, only a part of the work is performed at a separate post, and the entire amount of work is performed at several posts. Specialized posts are located sequentially in the direction of movement of the vehicle, which ensures the flow of the maintenance process. The set of sequentially located specialized posts forms a production line of service. Moving cars along the posts of the production line is carried out using a batch conveyor with a speed of 10 ... 15 m / min.

Car maintenance work is carried out at posts and in production units. At the posts, work is carried out directly on the car without removing components and assemblies, and in production departments, parts, assemblies and assemblies removed from the car are repaired. The need for routine repairs is identified during maintenance-1 and maintenance-2 using control and diagnostic equipment, visually and at the request of the driver.

At the posts, control, disassembly and assembly, regulating and fastening works are usually carried out, they make up about 40 ... 50% of the total volume of work on TR. Units and assemblies removed from the vehicle are sent to repair sites for subsequent repairs in accordance with their specialization.

The purely maintenance of cars that have undergone major repairs is usually 3-5 times more than in the first cycle of a car's run. According to NIIAT, from 12 to 30% of cars arrive at the TR only because of untimely and poor-quality maintenance. With a high quality of maintenance, the frequency of TR increases by 2.5 times. Consequently, improving the quality of maintenance is a huge reserve for reducing costs and downtime of vehicles at TR.

3.2. Production management structure.

Production management provides the necessary conditions for the effective use of the production base, production personnel, technological equipment, spare parts and materials. The quality of production management in general and in individual sections depends primarily on the qualifications of the engineering and technical personnel who directly supervise the work, and is ultimately verified by the values \u200b\u200bof vehicle downtime and the cost of maintenance and repair of rolling stock. The organization of production management depends on the size of the ATP, the applied organization of labor of workers and the structure of production.

Control technical service ATP is headed by the chief engineer. It implements general leadership production through the head of production directly subordinate to him.

The production management is completely entrusted to the production manager through the heads of production departments subordinate to him. The management of production units in their areas of work is carried out by the heads of structural units.

The structure of the production control center (MCC) includes a group for processing and analyzing information and an operational management group, which combines production dispatchers. Production dispatchers provide operational control and management of all production departments. In the state of large ATP there are several dispatchers who make up the operational control group. They provide leadership in different shifts and in different production areas.

Production dispatchers are responsible for organizing the execution of work at posts in the shortest possible time, ensuring the implementation of the rolling stock production plan, efficient use of the production base and personnel.

The production dispatcher is promptly subordinate to all those working at the maintenance and repair posts, and in the absence of the production manager, the entire production team.

The dispatcher receives information about what work needs to be done when he gets acquainted with the work in progress, when accepting a shift, according to the records in the accounting sheets that he receives from the KTP, according to the diagnostic posts and messages from the heads of departments.

3.3. Organization of the technological process.

The technical condition of the vehicles is monitored during release and return from the line. When released, the state of the systems and assemblies of the vehicle, ensuring safety road traffic... The main control of the technical condition should be carried out when the rolling stock is returned from the line.

The planning of work on maintenance and repair of rolling stock is carried out in the group for processing and analyzing information by a maintenance and repair technician based on the actual mileage of cars. Planned indicators for the number of services per month and working day are given by the planning department. The maintenance and repair technician draws up a maintenance schedule, which is approved by the chief engineer of the ATP, the maintenance and repair technician, based on the study and accounting of the actual mileage, draws up an order, in agreement with the mechanic of the convoy, to put cars on TO-1 in 1-1, and on TO-2 2-3 days before the service. The order is approved by the chief engineer and transmitted by the dispatcher of the operation service to the dispatchers of the workstation and the head of the quality control department to organize the control of the work.

Before carrying out the work, a diagnostic map must be drawn up (D-1 and D-2, respectively). The diagnostic card is transmitted to the production manager for planning and accounting of work.

When returning the line of the faulty car, the ATP mechanic draws up an application for repair in the prescribed form. The application is registered in a special journal and is transmitted together with the car to the dispatcher of the MCC. Then the car enters the UMR zone, and then, if there are free posts, respectively, to the diagnostic posts or TP. In the absence of free seats at the posts, the car enters the waiting area (Fig. 2).

Figure: 1. Block diagram of the technological process of maintenance and repair.

Car placement at the maintenance and repair posts is carried out by order of the production dispatcher. At the end of the maintenance and repair work, the car is accepted by the quality department master. In order to check the quality of work, it is possible to carry out diagnostics, after which the car is placed in the storage area.

After completing the necessary documentation for maintenance and repair (application sheets, diagnostic cards, accounting cards for circulating units, etc.), they are processed and deposited in the group for operational accounting and analysis of information of the MCC.

3.4. The choice of operating modes of production units.

The operating mode of production means the duration and operating time of various departments of the ATP. It is determined by the operating mode of the rolling stock on the line, the size of the production program, the number of maintenance and repair stations, the availability of technological equipment and production facilities.

The modes of operation of EO and TO-1, since they are, as a rule, given in between shifts, are established based on the results of the analysis of the schedule of the rolling stock on the line and the time of their stay at the vehicle. It is also advisable to carry out TO-2 between shifts, as this can significantly increase the vehicle technical readiness coefficient. When the production works in one first shift, best use working hours of specialists, however, this time also requires the largest number of vehicles on the line.

Repair sites in the presence of a circulating warehouse are practically independent of the operation of vehicles on the line, so they can work most efficiently during the first shift.

Figure: 1. Combined work schedule for ATP production.

3.5. Selection of technological equipment.

The engine section is intended for the repair of mechanisms and individual engine parts. Typical works during the current engine repair are: replacement of piston rings, pistons, piston pins, replacement of connecting rod and piston bearing liners with liners of operational dimensions, replacement of the block head gasket, elimination of cracks and breakdowns (in the welding department), lapping and grinding of valves.

After performing the current repair of the engine, it is imperative to carry out cold and hot running in in order to ensure reliable lapping of assemblies and parts after repair without load, which ensures their greater durability under operating conditions. The choice of technological equipment is determined by the types of work performed and the technical characteristics of the rolling stock. The list of technological equipment is shown in Table 5.

Table 5.

Technological equipment list

P / p No.	Name, designation, type, model of equipment, accessories	Qty	Technical specifications
	Bench for testing engines MPB 32.7		200 kW, 3660´2200
	Engine repair stand 2164		1300´846, mobile
	Cathead		3 t, 4.5 kW
	Universal device for straightening connecting rods mod. 2211		Desktop
	Machine for boring cylinders of engines mod. 2407		275´380, 1.5 kW
	Cylinder polishing machine 2291A		425´172, 1.5 kW
	Valve Grinder 2414A		Desktop, 0.27 kW
	Universal Valve Seat Grinder, 2215		Desktop, 0.6 kW
	Desktop drilling machine NS-12A
	Pneumatic valve lapping drill, 2213
	Compressometer, mod. 179
	Mobile hydraulic crane, 423M
	Washing installation, mod. 196-II		2250´1959, 465 kW
	Washing installation, mod. OM-5359 GOSNITI
	Hydraulic press OKS-167IM		1500´640, 1.7 kW
	Tool for disassembling and assembling cylinder heads, mod.		Desktop
	Locksmith workbench for one workplace, ORG-1468-01-060A
	Locksmith's bench for two workplaces, ORG-1468-01-070A
	Engine storage rack
	Tool storage cabinet, ORG-1603
	Cabinet for storing materials and measuring tools, ORG-1468-07 / -040
	Chest for rags
	Sand box
	Fire extinguishers OHP-10
	Fire extinguishers OU-5

In total, the area occupied by the equipment is 53.95 sq.m.

3.6. Calculation of the production area of \u200b\u200bthe motor section.

The area of \u200b\u200bthe motor section is determined by the formula:

sq. m

where is the density coefficient of the arrangement of the equipment, we take \u003d 4 for the motor section; (2)

- the total area of \u200b\u200bequipment in the plan, from table. five

Based on SNiPs, we take the width of the plot room B \u003d 12 m, then the length of the plot room will be: 216: 12 \u003d 18 m.

4. SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS.

4.1. Safety requirement for tools, fixtures and main technological equipment.

To ensure labor safety, it is necessary to ensure the safety of production equipment and technological processes. To do this, the existing tool, technological equipment must comply with the requirements of the occupational safety system (SSBT), occupational safety and health standards and rules. In order to ensure electrical safety, all technological equipment with an electric drive must be reliably grounded. The grounding resistance should be no more than 4 ohms. The grounding and insulation resistance is checked once a year.

When working on an asphalt concrete floor, a wooden grate is placed at the workbench to prevent colds and protect against electric shock. The distances between the workbenches are taken depending on overall dimensions and layout diagrams in accordance with ONT-01-86. It is possible to install workbenches close to the walls only if heating radiators, pipelines and other equipment are not placed there. Chairs should have height-adjustable seats and preferably adjustable backrests. Workbenches for disassembly and assembly work, so that it is convenient to work, are adjusted according to the height of the worker using stands under the workbench or stands under the feet. The working surface of the workbench is covered with sheet metal or linoleum, depending on the types of work performed. On the site, when using multi-seat workbenches or placing them against each other, to prevent injury to those working nearby by flying off pieces of the processed material, a mesh metal dividing wall is installed. The height of the partition must be at least 750 mm, and the mesh size must be no more than 3 mm.

All workplaces should be kept clean, not cluttered with parts, equipment, tools, fixtures, materials. Parts and assemblies removed from the engine during repair must be carefully placed on special racks or on the floor.

Hand tools must be in good condition, clean and dry. Its culling, like the culling of devices, must be done at least once a month. The tool must be firmly seated on the handle and wedged with mild steel barbed wedges. The axis of the handle must be perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tool. The length of the handle is chosen depending on the mass of the tool: for a hammer 300 - 400 mm; for a sledgehammer 450 - 500 mm. The handles of hacksaws, files, screwdrivers, scrapers must be tightened with band rings.

4.2. Safety requirements for the main work on the site.

When cleaning engines and parts, the concentration of alkaline solutions should not exceed 5%. Engine parts running on leaded gasoline are washed after neutralization of tetraethyl lead deposits with kerosene. After washing parts and assemblies with an alkaline solution, they must be washed hot water... It is strictly forbidden to use flammable liquids for washing. When using synthetic detergent surfactants, they are preliminarily dissolved in special containers or directly in the containers of the washing machine. In this case, the water temperature should not exceed the temperature of the parts by more than 18 - 20 ° C. To protect hands and prevent splashing of the solution on the mucous membrane of the eyes, workers must use safety glasses, rubber gloves and dermatological agents (silicone cream, IER-2 paste).

When working on grinding machines, special attention should be paid to the abrasive wheel. It should be examined, checked for cracks (when tapped in a suspended state with a wooden hammer weighing 200-300 g, it emits a clear sound), tested for strength, balanced.

Only workers who have been instructed in safety precautions and trained in the correct methods of performing work are allowed to work on the engine section.

When performing boring work on cylinders, block-cylinders must be securely fixed on the machine bed using conductors; it is forbidden to hold the workpieces with your hands.

When performing disassembly and assembly work, the wrenches should be matched to the size of the nuts and bolts. The size of the jaws of the keys should not exceed the size of the bolt heads and nut edges by more than 0.3 mm. Wrenches should be free from cracks, nicks, burrs, jaws not parallel, and shedding. Do not loosen nuts with wrenches large sizes with lining of metal plates between the faces of bolts and nuts and the jaws of the key.

In yews, the sponges should have an unworked surface - a notch. The screws holding the jaws must be intact and tightened. The clamping screw must be free of cracks and chips.

4.3. Safety requirements for the premises.

The production area of \u200b\u200bthe motor section must be kept clean. It should be regularly wet cleaning, cleaning the floors from traces of oils, dirt and water. Any oil spilled on the floor must be cleaned up immediately using absorbent materials such as sawdust, sand. The room must be equipped with supply and exhaust ventilation.

In order to protect workers from noise, the test bench room should be isolated from the rest of the room by a partition. The test room must be equipped with a local exhaust gas suction.

LITERATURE

1. Regulation on the maintenance and repair of the rolling stock of road transport. Moscow: Transport, 1986.

2. Sukhanov, B.N. and other Maintenance and repair of automobiles. Graduation Design Manual. Moscow: Transport, 1991.

3. Rumyantsev S.I. and other Maintenance and repair of automobiles. Textbook for vocational schools. Moscow: Mechanical Engineering, 1989.

4. Kramarenko G.V., Barashkov I.V. Car maintenance. Moscow: Transport, 1982.

6. Semenov N.V. Maintenance and repair of buses. Moscow: Transport, 1987.

7. Mechanization of maintenance and repair of automobiles and restoration of automobile tires. Ed. S.I. Shchuplyakov. Moscow: VDNKh, 1962.

Professiogramspecialty "MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OF AUTOMOTIVE TRANSPORT",

qualificationTECHNICIAN

Maintenance and repair of road transport and transport equipment in accordance with the requirements of regulatory and technical documents;

Selection of vehicle components and assemblies for replacement during the operation of road transport;

Carrying out works on maintenance and repair of vehicles;

Effective use of materials, technological equipment of enterprises;

Adjustment and operation of equipment for maintenance and repair of vehicles;

Implementation of technical control during the operation of transport and transport equipment;

Conducting standard and certification tests;

Own computer methods collection, storage and processing of information;

Analyze and evaluate the state of safety at the production site;

- to drive a car.

Place of work

A road vehicle maintenance and repair technician is a middle manager of production management or a specialist in the operation of technological equipment. He can work as a foreman, a site manager at an enterprise, or he can work individually on the maintenance of cars or special equipment. Specialists of this profile are also in demand in government agencies.

Professional growth can take place within the framework of continuous professional development: performing more and more complex and large-scale work, mastering new directions and specializations (for example, vulcanizer, auto electrician, etc.), becoming a car mechanic - generalist. A career path can take place along the line of administrative growth: shift (section) foreman, head of a technical center, deputy director for after-sales car maintenance, director of an auto center.

When choosing an administrative career direction, it is recommended to develop additional management skills in oneself, to master the profession of a manager. If the option of mentoring, transferring your unique experience to young people is closer, it is useful to develop pedagogical skills in yourself, to master the profession of a master of industrial training.

Organizing your own business presupposes that a qualified worker with a profession technician over time, gains its unique professional experience and can create own businessby opening a car service, a car repair and maintenance workshop, or working with clients on individual orders (this area brings stable decent income), however, this ability to repair cars is not enough, knowledge in management, economics, and jurisprudence is required.

The basis of maintenance and repair of cars is a scheduled preventive maintenance and repair system with compulsory maintenance in a planned manner and repairs as needed.

The following types of vehicle maintenance are provided:

• daily maintenance (EO)
• first maintenance (TO-1)
• second maintenance (TO-2)
• repairs - current (TP) and overhaul (KR)

Current repairs are subdivided into current car repairs and current repairs of units, assemblies and mechanisms.

Overhaul repairs are subdivided into overhaul of a car (trailer) as a whole and overhaul of units, assemblies and mechanisms.

The frequency of maintenance is standardized depending on the category of operating conditions.

With the average monthly run of the rolling stock, less than the frequency of TO-1, it is carried out at least once a month, and TO-2 at least twice a year.

A brief description of each type of maintenance and repair is given below.

Daily maintenance (EO) has its purpose to monitor the technical condition of rolling stock in order to ensure traffic safety on roads, refueling operating materials and maintaining the proper appearance of rolling stock.

Daily maintenance carried out between shifts includes control and inspection work on control mechanisms, lighting devices, bodywork, cab, as well as cleaning, washing and wiping-drying operations and refueling with fuel, oil, compressed air and coolant.

The first and second technical services (TO-1 and TO-2) are designed to reduce the wear rate of vehicle units and mechanisms by timely identification of malfunctions and their prevention.

Environment category	Characteristics of operating conditions	TO-1	TO-2
		Frequency, km
1 (lungs)	Country roads with predominantly asphalt concrete and other advanced hard surfaces in good condition	1600-1800	8000-9000
2 (medium)	Country roads mainly with crushed stone, gravel, cobblestone and other stone coverings that are in satisfactory condition. Working in busy city traffic	1300-1500	6500-7500
3 (heavy)	Unpaved, mountainous or faulty roads with crushed stone, gravel, cobblestone or other hard surfaces. Work in conditions of increased maneuvering (on the construction of roads, in quarries, pits, in logging)	1000-1200	5000-6000

Note. For each category of operating conditions, the greatest frequency of maintenance is taken for cars and buses, the average between the largest and the smallest for flatbed trucks and the smallest for road trains and dump trucks

First maintenance (TO-1) consists in an external technical inspection of the entire car and the performance in the prescribed amount of control, fastening, adjusting, lubricating, electrical and refueling work with checking the operation of the engine, steering, brakes and other mechanisms on the move of the car without fail in between shifts periodically through the runs established depending on the operating conditions.

Second maintenance (TO-2) includes a more in-depth check of the state of all mechanisms and devices of the car (with the removal of power devices and electrical equipment for control and adjustment in the shops), the performance of fastening, adjusting, lubricating and other works in the prescribed amount, as well as checking the units, mechanisms and devices on the move.

Car maintenance has its purpose to eliminate faults by minor repairs or replacement of parts, assemblies and assemblies and is carried out as needed in between shifts without disrupting normal mode car operation. During routine repairs, they eliminate damages and minor malfunctions found during inspection of the car upon returning from the line, during maintenance or at the request of drivers.

Unit maintenance consists in eliminating its malfunctions by replacing or repairing damaged parts, except for the basic ones.

A basic part is called a part, the wear and damage of which has a major impact on the performance of the parts and assemblies or the unit as a whole associated with it. If the time required to repair the unit directly on the car exceeds the time required to replace it, the car is repaired in this case by replacing the faulty unit with a serviceable one.

Current repairs include disassembly and assembly, mechanical, electrical, copper, welding, blacksmithing and other works.

Car overhaul is produced according to the need, revealed as a result of technical inspection, and has the goal of fully restoring its technical condition in accordance with technical conditions. During this repair, most of the car's components, including the engine, and for passenger cars also the body, are at the same time subject to overhaul. During a major overhaul, the car is completely disassembled into separate units, and the units - into units and parts. Parts of the disassembled unit are monitored and sorted into fit, needing repair and unusable. Defective parts are replaced with new ones, and parts requiring repair are restored. After completing the parts, the units are assembled, tested and adjusted. With the impersonal repair method, the car is assembled from previously repaired units and subjected to a run test. A car is sent for overhaul when most of its main units, including the cab and frame for trucks or the body for cars, require major overhaul. During its entire service life, a car, as a rule, should be subjected to no more than two major repairs. As an exception, medium car repairs are allowed for difficult conditions operation In this case, medium repair has its purpose to replace the engine (requiring overhaul), in-depth control of the technical condition of the car and troubleshooting of units and assemblies with replacement or repair of parts, as well as body painting and other restoration work.

Major overhaul of the main units aims to restore their technical condition; this repair is carried out on demand in the event that technical condition due to significant wear of the parts, it has deteriorated greatly, does not ensure its normal operation and cannot be restored by current repair, as well as when the basic part in its condition needs repair or replacement.

For the smooth operation of the car throughout the entire period of operation, each car owner should from time to time carry out a set of certain works related to the nature and purpose of two groups:

Works aimed at maintaining the units of working mechanisms and units in working order for a long period of operation;

Works aimed at establishing mechanisms, components and assemblies of machines.

Therefore, maintenance and repair of road transport in the first case is preventive, and in the second - restorative.

In our country, there is a preventive-planned system of mandatory maintenance and repair of a car. Its meaning is that the service is carried out both according to plan and according to need.

MOT (maintenance) of the car - electrical and adjusting, filling, lubrication, fastening, control and diagnostic, cleaning and washing, as well as many other types of work, which are often performed without removing individual mechanisms, assemblies from the car and disassembling units. However, if, during maintenance, the complete serviceability of individual units remains in question, then they are removed from the car and checked at specialized stands and devices.

The frequency of maintenance directly depends on the list and the complexity of the repair of the car and its units. Car maintenance is divided into several types: seasonal, first and second, as well as daily maintenance.

The current legislative acts provide for two types of maintenance and repair of road transport and its units - capital, performed at special enterprises, and current, which is performed at road transport enterprises.

Each of the types of maintenance includes strictly established operations (work), which must be carried out. These operations are divided into performing and control components.

The executive part is often performed on demand, and the control part of the work, which is also often called diagnostic, is mandatory. This helps to significantly reduce both labor and material costs for maintenance and repair.

Diagnostics is a part of the technological process of current repair and maintenance of cars, which provides an overall picture of the condition of the car.

Daily maintenance and repair of motor vehicles (if necessary) should be performed every day after the vehicle is returned from the working line. It includes:

Inspection and inspection work on all major systems and mechanisms that are responsible for safe movement, as well as lighting devices, cab and body;

Washing and cleaning and wiping and drying operations, as well as refueling the machine with coolant, oil and, of course, fuel.

Car wash is carried out on demand.