I don't like tuning. But for practical reasons, and on my car in rare cases improvements may appear. For example, I recently installed LED daytime running lights. I bought it on the Internet, connected it to the service, all the documents are in order, and, accordingly, I did not even think about any registration with the traffic police, because as a human rights activist and a driving school teacher, I was deliberately looking for lights with a full set of necessary certificates.

Otherwise, the license plate is at stake, because changes to the design may entail absolutely legal cancellation of registration. But, as life shows, even with all the necessary papers, the outcome of a meeting with the traffic police will depend only on how well you know your rights and obligations, as well as the rights and obligations of an inspector.

So, the first thing to remember. Priority over all regulations in the field of changes in the design, we have the provisions of the Technical Regulations of the Customs Union "On the safety of wheeled vehicles" (hereinafter for simplicity - TRTS). And he tells us that everything that makes up a car is divided into components and pieces of equipment. Components have a direct impact on safety, therefore, the regulation contains strict requirements for almost each of them, and items of equipment are subject to the regulation only in those rare cases when they also affect this area.

Daytime running lights, like any other lighting device, are components. And actions with them (clause 2 TRTS) are always interpreted as making changes to the design (clause 6 TRTS), that is, the driver, in theory, is obliged to go through the full procedure for registration of modifications in the traffic police, including two technical expertise and technical inspection, which will require a lot of time and money ... However, there are two exceptions, they are spelled out in paragraph 77 of the regulations.

The first exception applies when the vehicle's owner's manual authorizes the installation of certain components without the consent of any authority. For example a child seat. In the regulations, it is mentioned precisely as a component of the vehicle, however, drivers have the right to install and remove it on their own without any claims from the traffic police.

The second exception applies to components that are not only intended for a given vehicle, but also passed a full assessment of compliance with the TRTS requirements, that is, certification. Let's say you want to replace a worn out engine with a similar new one. If this is a serial motor and a corresponding certificate is attached to it, then you can simply carry out work at the service and, bypassing all technical expertise, go directly to the traffic police to change the data in the vehicle's passport.

Naturally, before making such recommendations, I studied the jurisprudence. Here you can find the decision of the Samara Regional Court, which confirms the right of a certain car owner to install Priora on his Lada new engine with the appropriate certificate without the consent and permission from the traffic police. Moreover, by a court decision, the refusal to register a car with a new engine was declared illegal, and further it is said about the duty of the traffic police to perform registration actions.

It is such a certificate for running lights that lies in my glove compartment, which means that neither before nor after installation, I do not need to undergo a test with them for compliance with TRTS requirements - the manufacturer has already done this for me.

But, as practice shows, the inspector anyway, having seen the LED beams of my car, can stop me with the words: “Comrade driver, you yourself installed lighting devices! Your fine is 500 rubles. You must appear at the traffic police in a week, show the car without lights, otherwise we will cancel the registration. And in general, I demand that you stop the violation! If I catch you with lights in a week, you will go under arrest for 15 days for not fulfilling my legal requirements! " He will also write out such a paper with all his requirements.

What will I answer?

Firstly, it is enough for me to say that I have fulfilled all the requirements of the law and the corresponding regulations with precision to commas and spaces. If the inspector did not provide evidence of my guilt and began to spoil my life, then all the money that I will have to spend on proving my innocence, I then claim from the treasury of the Russian Federation. And later I will write a statement to the prosecutor's office that illegal actions have caused damage to the state, and therefore are subject to compensation from the pocket of the inspector - this is evidenced by the Civil Code and the decision of the Supreme Court. Yes, this is a long and difficult path, but this is the only way to convince the inspector that his superiors can give any orders, but in the end the inspector will pay a penalty from his family's budget for fulfilling them.

Secondly, the inspector can demand the termination of the offense, but only demand it immediately. The law "On Police" does not give him the right to release the driver and further violate traffic rules. And if he lets the violator go, then he goes beyond the powers granted to him: to threaten with arrest in the future, having the opportunity to stop the violation at the moment, is an impenetrable stupidity.

Let's say a bully beats a girl. The police stops him, writes out a demand "to stop beating the girl" and leaves. The analogy is complete. If the driver, having started, has already violated the traffic rules, especially having in his pocket the inspector's written request not to do this in any case, then there can be no talk of any time to stop the offense!

Therefore, having received the paper, I will cross out the word "Requirement" in the title, correct it to "Sincere confession" in deliberate manipulation of the norms of the Law "On the Police", and also explain in detail to the inspector where he is deeply mistaken.

By the way, in the Administrative Code there is no mention of the "Demand to stop the offense" in relation to individuals - it is spoken about only in relation to organizations and officials. Article 29.13 of the Administrative Code and Part 4 of Article 13 of the Law "On Police" in this correspond to each other.

Thirdly, if they threaten me with the cancellation of my registration and require ten days to correct the structure and bring the car for inspection, I will answer that I should not provide any evidence of my guilt or my innocence to anyone. And you don't have to go anywhere. All actions that an inspector can take within the framework of an administrative case are recorded in Chapter 27 of the Administrative Code and, with references to it, are rewritten in the Administrative Regulations of the State Traffic Safety Inspectorate - a document that, in accordance with the Law on Police, determines the procedure for exercising the rights of a policeman on the road. If the inspector goes beyond the "Administrative Regulations", then he violates the requirements of the Law "On Police".

If the inspector really wants to, let him start an administrative investigation, and then we'll see ...

In addition, according to the law, the traffic police has the right to terminate the registration of a car without any ten-day "probation" period and additional inspection - it is only necessary that the decision on an offense under Part 1 of Article 12.5 of the Administrative Code with reference to amending the design came into force.

A natural question: if everything is so simple, why does the traffic police often write out such requirements? Why do motorists in courts receive fines and arrests? Why is registration being canceled?

Because it is not enough to hear about the intricacies of legislation. You must always have at hand links to laws, rules, regulations, court decisions in order to be able to defend your rights. Well, or have sufficient funds to be done by a qualified lawyer.

Let's take a "purely boy's car", which is "not solid" to drive without tinting "to zero". They stop such a boy, give him a request to remove the tint, threaten him with a finger. Does he understand the intricacies of legislation? A week later, he will be dragged to the judge for the fact that he continues to ride with toning. What can the boy tell the judge? Where will he find funds for a lawyer? This is what they use.

As a result, it turns out that instead of legal rights and obligations, concepts and obligations work for us. Responsibilities - for drivers, concepts - for officials. As former Kremlin sociologist Simon Kordonsky recently put it: “Officials can choose from hundreds of different kinds of regulations exactly those that they need right now. Those that are most beneficial within the system of concepts in which this official lives. "

But I think that knowing the law, any official can be put in his place.

IN modern car effective technologies and engineering solutions have been implemented, thanks to which specifications transport are high. However, individual owners do not like some of the design elements of their car. And they independently produce technical improvements and thus make the conversion of the vehicle.

However, it is worth remembering that in this case you may encounter some difficulties, because the rules are strictly forbidden for drivers to make changes to the design of transport.

What does the law say about vehicle conversion?

Federal Law No. 196 - this is the main regulatory document that regulates the procedure for re-equipment vehicle... Article 16 (paragraph 4) clearly states the principle according to which the driver is obliged to undergo a new declaration and re-certification of the car after changes in the design, installation additional equipment, spare parts and accessories.

Supervision rests on the shoulders of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, as well as territorial divisions. And the changes to the documents are already being carried out by the traffic police department. However, this feature should not be confused with certification. The latter is carried out by authorized and independent organizations, then an expert opinion is issued.

What is generally related to vehicle conversion?

The change in the design of the car implies the installation of new equipment, which was not provided initially. All parts installed by the driver can affect road safety, and this is why such an act is an offense.

Any attempt to install a unit on a car that is not provided by the manufacturer requires documentation. Let's give some common examples.

Use of HBO

In Russia, many drivers install LPG equipment in order to be able to refuel gas, not petrol. However, the transfer of the car to gas will require registration of LPG. To do this, it is necessary to pass a technical examination, submit an application for the conversion of the vehicle and obtain a permit. After that, you can install HBO in a certified service, undergo a technical inspection to determine the safety of the structure, collect all the documents and submit them to the traffic police. In the department, subject to availability of all required documents will issue a certificate confirming the conformity of the car to the changes made to its design.

Fitting rims with a smaller or larger diameter

In this case, everything is ambiguous. The driver has the right to install any discs, the diameter of which is included in the list recommended by the manufacturer. The list of acceptable diameters for installation is usually found on the door opening and is definitely in the technical documentation. In the event that you choose the wrong diameter that does not correspond to the manufacturer's recommended one, then this will be regarded as a structural change. Hence, clearance will be required.

Installing the tow bar

In order to understand whether it is necessary to register the installation of a towbar, first of all, you need to determine whether this item is officially included in the list of additional equipment.

Structurally, the device is designed for traction loads, it is fixed by means of a bolt connection or welding, and most often does not require decoration. An exception may be removable structures that are not attached to the structural members of the structure: removable racks, bicycle racks, etc.

Installing a larger fuel tank

The vehicle conversion regulations state that the installation of a larger fuel tank is a design change. In theory, this requires registration and registration, but the traffic police inspector simply will not be able to notice and identify this. In addition, if the tank is manufactured in compliance with technical requirements, then claims from the traffic police should not be expected. However, some car owners point out that problems can arise when crossing the border, where customs officials may believe that the driver is smuggling fuel.

Spoilers and body kits, bumpers

Tuning elements, including bumpers, spoilers and body kits that do not correspond to the structural elements of the manufacturer, must be registered. The only exception can be those tuning elements that are installed in the studio, with accreditation from the manufacturer. Moreover, driving without bumpers is also an offense, as the driver is making a constructive change to the vehicle by removing the bumper.

Responsibility

Now that you know what constitutes a vehicle conversion, you can talk about liability for such a violation. The highlights are provided. In particular, it is indicated that the fine for such a violation will be 500 rubles. However, only part of the design changes fall under this.

Those who like to install xenon headlights on a car on which the manufacturer did not provide for such an opportunity may even lose their rights for a period of 6 months to a year. In this case, the headlights can be confiscated. Of course, under certain conditions in court it is possible to challenge such a decision of the traffic police inspector and re-qualify such a violation under paragraph 1 - in accordance with it, a fine (500 rubles) is imposed on the violator.

Making changes

Registration of vehicle re-equipment is carried out in 6 stages:

1. A preliminary examination is underway. It will show whether it is possible or impossible to install certain equipment or structural elements. Only an accredited company can issue an opinion.
2. Submission of an application for the re-equipment of a vehicle in the traffic police. The result of the examination must be attached to the application.
3. After that, the conversion of the machine can be started. Depending on the conclusion, the conversion can be carried out either independently or in a special service.
4. After that, an inspection is carried out and a diagnostic card is drawn up.
5. Obtaining an examination report after changing the design of the transport.
6. Obtaining a certificate at the traffic police department.

Conclusion

After passing all these stages, the driver will be able to move freely in a car with a modified design, without fear of being fined for such a violation. This whole procedure is relatively complicated, so many owners simply do not bother, because if the change in the car is subtle, then the traffic police inspector simply will not know about it.

Many car owners find that it takes a long time to complete a car conversion and involves many steps. In fact, this procedure is quite simple, you can go through it yourself or entrust the process to a company whose employees will do it for you. This article describes in detail the concept and types of vehicle design changes, the procedure for processing documents, as well as a number of rules and laws that are useful to familiarize yourself with in advance.

Concept and types of re-equipment

It must be remembered that not all changes made to the design of the car must be registered with the traffic police. When it comes to replacing standard spare parts, the owner of the machine is not obliged to notify the representatives of the road inspection about this. Each car has a specific design, the parameters of which were developed at the factory and used during its manufacture. Everything is under the control of the traffic police officers, who have the authority to exercise technical supervision.

According to clause 7.18 of the Appendix to the traffic rules, the operation of a vehicle, the design of which has been changed, is prohibited if the driver did not manage to agree on this procedure with the traffic police. The same paragraph contains a list of conditions and malfunctions under which it is prohibited to travel by car.

You should know exactly what is meant by a change in design, this information is indicated in the comments to clause 7.18. The definition implies the exclusion or installation of additional parts of a machine or equipment that were not provided by the manufacturer. Such manipulations can negatively affect the performance of the car, the safety of the driver himself and his passengers, as well as other participants. road traffic... The list of the most common design changes includes:

• installation of additional vans for transporting people on the chassis trucksmobiles;
• installation of vans or containers designed to transport various goods, such as furniture or food;
• mounting special equipmentwhich does not change the body structure itself;
• engine replacement in passenger car or cabins in a truck;
• replacing bunks with barts on a trailer or truck etc.

What legislative acts need to be considered

The re-equipment process takes place taking into account the regulations described in the order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, issued on December 7, 2000. At present, the order has been supplemented with changes that should also be taken into account. The essence of the document boils down to describing the process of legalizing changes in the design of vehicles of various categories. There is also Technical regulations, which describes two stages of verification. The first of them includes the theoretical possibility of changing the design, the second implies compliance with traffic rules after the procedure.

Paragraph 77 states that service employees are not allowed to organize a preliminary inspection if certified equipment from the manufacturer is installed on the car. If the changes are serial and indicated in the design documents, this also does not require verification. In this case, we can talk about standard additional headlights, LPG or other details. If the motorist entrusts the replacement of equipment to a special company, he does not need to study the legislative acts, since the whole process will be controlled by lawyers.

Registration procedure and list of documents

All changes must be documented; first, the owner of the car will need to obtain a special conclusion on the passage of the preliminary examination of the car. It is issued after passing a check in special organizations accredited to conduct this type of activity. They are testing laboratories, where you should also submit your documentation package.

It is necessary to find out which documents are required in a specific laboratory. After receiving a conclusion on the successful passage of the examination, the owner of the car can go to the traffic police station at the place of registration and provide there a list of the necessary documents. They are indicated in the letter of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, which is dated February 25, 2015.

For preliminary approval, you will need to have on hand:

• completed application on a special form, which is issued to the traffic police;
• a document confirming the identity of the owner of the car;
• power of attorney, if the car owner entrusted the passage of the procedure to another person;
• passport and COP for the car;
• a conclusion confirming that the car has passed a preliminary examination.

After receiving these documents, the traffic police will be able to proceed with the inspection procedure, based on the results of which they will make a decision on whether it will be possible to change the design of the car. If there is a positive decision, the owner of the car will be able to convert it. To obtain a certificate, he will need additional documents, including:

• passport and document confirming that he is the owner of the car;
• registration certificate and;
• diagnostic card;
• standard statement and declaration of the number of changes made;
• copies of certificates for parts and equipment.

How is the refurbishment going

With a permit for conversion, the driver has the right to make the necessary changes to the design of his car. Before carrying out the work, you will need to agree on the procedure in a special organization, this issue is resolved in the traffic police, whose employees can also allow the car owner to change the design on their own. The specialists involved in the work fill out a special declaration, a sample of which can be found in the Letter of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation.

They will also need to provide copies of certificates of conformity confirming the authenticity of spare parts and parts required for the conversion of the machine. After carrying out the work, the machine is additionally checked for compliance with safety rules and, if there are no problems, a diagnostic card is issued. Then the owner of the car must receive a protocol on the passage of the technical examination, providing all the documents necessary for verification.

What are the stages of the procedure

The entire procedure for converting a machine includes a list of regulated stages, the list of which is established and controlled by current legislation. Each of them must be carried out in accordance with the rules, for compliance with which all points will be checked. Their list includes:

1. Thorough preliminary examination of the machine.
2. Obtaining a confirmed permit from the traffic police in the department where the car was previously registered.
3. Provision of a machine for a change of design.
4. Receiving a car with a modified design back after a certain period together with a declaration, which will indicate the number and list of procedures performed.
5. Transfer of the car to the traffic police officers, who will conduct a thorough inspection of it, taking into account the norms established by law.
6. Receiving a diagnostic card.
7. Filling out a special application, where you will need to specify in detail the information about the owner and his vehicle.

Where re-registration is carried out

In the comments to the current traffic rules, it is stated in detail that all changes in the design of any vehicle must be carried out in the traffic police department at the place of registration of the car. All actions related to the conversion are carried out under the supervision of department employees, who then check the documents and issue a certificate confirming that the car has passed the procedure. The driver does not have to go through the procedure at the department where his car was originally registered.

He can also do this in any department that has the right to conduct technical supervision of vehicles. There are situations when a car was registered in another region, then re-registration is carried out at the place of its stay. These measures are specified in the current regulations and are completely legal, which allows the car owner to convert his car in the city where he currently lives.

What is the threat of illegal conversion

If the owner of the car decides to independently make changes to the design of his vehicle, without coordinating them with the traffic police, he will have to pay a fine within the framework of liability in accordance with the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation. The amount of the fine is 500 rubles, in addition to it, other measures can also be applied to the driver. If the car owner did not enter the data on the design change in the technical documents for his car, he will also be punished accordingly.

Liability measures threaten the driver with deprivation of rights and other unpleasant situations, for this reason it is better to play it safe in advance and find out if potential changes in the car's design contradict the current laws.

Often on machines that cannot be installed in accordance with legal requirements. This is a serious violation of the rules, which threatens with imprisonment for six months or 12 months, depending on the severity. All installed equipment in the future will be removed and confiscated by the traffic police on completely legal grounds. To avoid serious problems with legislation, vehicle owners need to study the information in legislation and follow all relevant changes.