Greetings, dear friends! I decided to devote today's post entirely to the ECU (Electronic Engine Control Unit) of the VAZ 2114 car. After reading the article to the end, you will find out the following: which ECU is on the VAZ 2114 and how to find out its firmware version. Ladies step by step instructions its pinouts, I'll tell you about the popular ECU models January 7.2 and Itelma, and also talk about common errors and malfunctions.

The ECU or Electronic Engine Control Unit VAZ 2114 is a kind of device that can be described as the brain of a car. Through this block in the car, absolutely everything works - from a small sensor to the engine. And if the device starts to junk, then the car will simply stop, because it has no one to command, distribute the work of departments, and so on.

Where is the ECU on the VAZ 2114

In a VAZ 2114 car, the control module is installed under the center console of the car, in particular, in the middle, behind the panel with the radio tape recorder. To get to the controller, you need to unscrew the latches on the side console frame. As for the connection, in the Samar modifications with a 1.5 liter engine, the mass of the ECU is taken from the case power unit, from the fastening of the plugs located to the right of the cylinder head.

In cars equipped with 1.6- and 1.5-liter engines with a new type of ECU, the mass is taken from the welded stud. The pin itself is fixed on the metal case of the control panel at the floor tunnel, not far from the ashtray. During production, VAZ engineers, as a rule, unreliably fix this hairpin, so that over time it can become loose, respectively, this will lead to the inoperability of some devices.

How to find out which ECU is on the VAZ 2114 - January 7.2 January 4 Bosch M1.5.4

Today, there are 8 (eight) generations of the electronic control unit, which differ not only in characteristics, but also in manufacturers. Let's talk a little more about them.

ECU January7.2 - specifications

And so now we turn to the technical characteristics of the most popular ECU January 7.2

January 7.2 - a functional analogue of the Bosch M7.9.7 unit, "parallel" (or alternative, as you like) with M7.9.7, a domestic development of the Itelma company. January 7.2 looks like the M7.9.7 - it is assembled in a similar case and with the same connector, it can be used without any alterations on Bosch M7.9.7 wiring using the same set of sensors and actuators.

The ECU uses the Siemens Infenion C-509 processor (same as ECU January 5, VS). The block software is further development Software January 5, with improvements and additions (although this is a controversial issue) - for example, the "anti-jerk" algorithm, literally "anti-jerk" function, is implemented, designed to ensure smooth start-up and gear changes.

The ECU is produced by Itelma (xxxx-1411020-82 (32), the firmware starts with the letter "I", for example, I203EK34) and Avtel (xxxx-1411020-81 (31), the firmware starts with the letter "A", e.g. A203EK34). Both blocks and firmware of these blocks are completely interchangeable.

ECUs of series 31 (32) and 81 (82) are compatible hardware from top to bottom, that is, firmware for 8-cl. will work in a 16-cl. ECU, and vice versa - no, because the 8-cl block "lacks" ignition keys. By adding 2 keys and 2 resistors, you can "turn" 8-cl. block in 16 cl. Recommended transistors: BTS2140-1B Infineon / IRGS14C40L IRF / ISL9V3040S3S Fairchild Semiconductor / STGB10NB37LZ STM / NGB8202NT4 ON Semiconductor.

ECU January-4 - technical characteristics

The second serial ECM family on domestic cars was the January-4 system, which was developed as a functional analogue of GM control units (with the ability to use the same composition of sensors and actuators in production) and were intended to replace them.

Therefore, during the development, the overall and connection dimensions, as well as the pinout of the connectors, were preserved. Naturally, the ISFI-2S and January-4 blocks are interchangeable, but they completely differ in circuitry and operation algorithms. “January-4” is intended for Russian standards, the oxygen sensor, catalyst and adsorber were excluded from the composition, and a CO adjustment potentiometer was introduced. The family includes January-4 control units (a very small batch was produced) and January-4.1 for 8 (2111) and 16 (2112) valve engines.

The "Quant" versions are most likely a debug series with firmware J4V13N12 hardware and, accordingly, software incompatible with subsequent serial controllers. That is, the J4V13N12 firmware will not work in “non-quantum” ECUs and vice versa. Photo of ECU boards QUANT and a conventional serial controller January 4

Features ECM: without a neutralizer, oxygen sensor (lambda probe), with a CO-potentiometer (manual CO adjustment), toxicity standards R-83.

Bosch M1.5.4 - specifications

The next step was the development, together with Bosch, of an ECM based on the Motronic M1.5.4 system, which could be produced in Russia. Were used other air flow sensors (DMRV) and resonant detonation (developed and manufactured by "Bosch"). The software and calibrations for these ECMs were first fully developed at AvtoVAZ.

For the Euro-2 toxicity standards, new modifications of the M1.5.4 block appear (it has an unofficial index "N", to create an artificial difference) 2111-1411020-60 and 2112-1411020-40, which meet these standards and include an oxygen sensor, catalytic neutralizer and adsorber.

Also, for the norms of Russia, an ECM was developed for 8-cl. engine (2111-1411020-70), which is a modification of the very first ECM 2111-1411020. All modifications, except for the very first one, use a broadband knock sensor. This unit began to be produced in a new design - a lightweight non-hermetic stamped body with an embossed inscription “MOTRONIC” (popularly “tin”). Subsequently, ECU 2112-1411020-40 also began to be produced in this design.

Replacing the construct, in my opinion, is completely unjustified - sealed units were more reliable. The new modifications, most likely, have differences in the circuit diagram towards simplification, since the detonation channel in them works less correctly, the "cans" more "ring" on the same software.

NPO Itelma has developed an ECU for use in VAZ cars, called VS 5.1. This is a fully functional analogue of ECM January 5.1, that is, it uses the same harness, sensors and actuators.

VS5.1 uses the same Siemens Infenion C509, 16MHz processor, but is made on a more modern element base. Modifications 2112-1411020-42 and 2111-1411020-62 are intended for Euro-2 standards, which include an oxygen sensor, catalytic converter and adsorber, this family does not provide R-83 standards for 2112 engines. For 2111 and Russia-83 standards only ECM version VS 5.1 1411020-72 with simultaneous injection is available.

Since September 2003, a new HARDWARE modification VS5.1 has been installed on VAZ, which is incompatible in software and hardware with the "old" one.

• 2111-1411020-72 with firmware V5V13K03 (V5V13L05). This software is incompatible with software and ECUs of earlier versions (V5V13I02, V5V13J02).
• 2111-1411020-62 with firmware V5V03L25. This software is incompatible with older software and ECUs (V5V03K22).
• 2112-1411020-42 with firmware V5V05M30. This software is incompatible with software and ECUs of earlier versions (V5V05K17, V5V05L19).

By wiring, the blocks are interchangeable, but only with their own, corresponding to the block, software.

Bosch M7.9.7 - ECU Specifications

The Bosch 30 series was also found on 1.6 liter engines, but due to the initial development for a one and a half liter car, the software was very buggy, sometimes completely refusing to work. A special configuration marked 31h, released a little later, worked an order of magnitude more adequately.

January seven had many models, depending on the configuration and engine size, so on 1.5 liter eight valve engines, AVTEL models with a neck were installed: 81 and 81 hours, the same brain from the manufacturer ITELMA had numbers 82 and 82 hours. Bosch M7.9.7 was put on one and a half liter engine export copies and marked 80 and 80 hours on Euro 2 cars and 30 on Euro 3 cars.

1.6 liter engines of cars intended for the domestic market had on board devices from the same AVTEL and ITELMA. The first series from the first ones marked with 31 "hurt" the same as Bosch of the 30th series, later all the shortcomings were taken into account and corrected at 31h. In case of problems with competitors, ITELMA has grown noticeably in the eyes of motorists, having released a successful series under the number 32. Additionally, it should be noted that only Bosch M7.9.7 with marker 10 met the Euro 3. The cost of a new ECU of this generation is 8 thousand rubles, used on disassembly can be found for 4 thousand.

Video: ECU comparison January 7.2 and January 5.1

ECU pinout diagram January 7.2 VAZ 2114

In the VAZ 2114 controller, breakdowns very often occur. The system has a self-diagnosis function - the ECU interrogates all the nodes and issues a conclusion about their suitability for work. If any element is out of order, dashboard the lamp “ Check Engine».

To find out which sensor or actuator has failed, you can only use a special diagnostic equipment... Even with the help of the famous OBD-Scan ELM-327, loved by many for its ease of use, you can read all the parameters of the engine, find an error, eliminate it and delete it from the memory of the VAZ 2114 ECU .

VAZ 2114 ECU burned out - what to do?

One of the common malfunctions of an ECU (electronic control unit) on the fourteenth is its failure or, as people say, combustion.

The following factors will be obvious signs of this breakdown:

• Lack of control signals for injectors, fuel pump, valve or mechanism idle move etc
• Lack of response to Lamba - regulation, sensor crankshaft, throttle etc.
• Lack of communication with the diagnostic tool
• Physical damage.

How to remove and replace a faulty ECU on a VAZ 2114

When carrying out work to remove the VAZ 2114 ECU, do not touch the terminals with your hands. Electronics can be damaged by electrostatic discharge.

How to remove a VAZ 2114 ECU - video instruction

Where is the mass of the VAZ 2114 ECU

The first connection to ground from the ECU on cars with a 1.5 engine is located under the instruments on the steering shaft mounting amplifier. The second terminal is located under the dashboard, next to the heater motor, on the left side of the heater case.

On cars with a 1.6 engine, the first terminal (the mass of the VAZ 2114 ecu) is located inside the dashboard, on the left, above the relay / fuse box, under the noise insulation. The second terminal is located above the left screen of the dashboard center console on a welded stud (fastened with an M6 nut).

Where is the relay and fuse ECU VAZ 2114

Most of the fuses and relays are located in mounting block engine compartment, but the relay and fuse responsible for the electronic control unit VAZ 2114 are in a different place.

The second "block" is located under the torpedo from the front passenger legs. To access it, you just need to unscrew a few fasteners with a Phillips screwdriver. Why in quotes, but because there is no such unit, there is an ECU (brains) and 3 fuses + 3 relays.

What to do if the scanner does not see the VAZ 2114 ECU

Reader's question: Guys, why does it write during diagnostics that there is no connection with the ECU? What to do? What to fix?

So, why does the scanner not see the VAZ 2114 ECU? What should I do to enable the device to connect and see the block? Today on sale you can find many different adapters for testing a vehicle.

If you buy ELM327 Bluetooth, chances are you are trying to connect low-quality devices. Rather, you might have purchased an adapter with an outdated software version.

So, for what reasons the device refuses to connect to the block:

1. The adapter itself is of poor quality. Problems can be both with the firmware of the device, and with its "hardware". If the main microcircuit is inoperative, it will be impossible to diagnose the engine operation, as well as to connect to the ECU.
2. Bad connection cable. The cable may be broken or is inoperable on its own.
3. The wrong version of software is installed on the device, as a result of which synchronization will not work (the author of the video about testing the device is Rus Radarov).

In this case, if you own a device with the correct firmware version 1.5, where all six of the six protocols are present, but the adapter does not connect to the ECU, there is a way out. You can connect to the block using initialization strings, which allow the device to adapt to the commands of the machine motor control unit. In particular, we are talking about initialization strings for the HobDrive and Torque diagnostic utilities vehiclesthat use non-standard connection protocols.

How to reset ECU errors VAZ 2114 - video

The voltage on the VAZ 2114 ECU fails - what to do

Reader's question: Hello everyone, please tell me about the problem. Symptoms are: 1. Error 1206 appears - voltage of the on-board network-interruption. in cold weather, starting the engine is generally a problem - it catches for a few seconds, the click seems to be triggered by a relay, the check lights up, the speed jump and the car stalls. This can go on for half an hour, the mashiga can stall on the move. When all the same, the engine warms up, the loss stops. Where to look for the reason can the sensor fly? Thanks in advance!

In principle, there can be many solutions to this problem:

1. If the voltage on the battery is less than 12.4 volts, then the ECU begins to save energy, you can not start at 11 even on a lace))) The ECU sometimes sees a voltage less than actually on the battery, this usually indicates that it is time to clean the ECU masses, look into the connector to wipe the contacts. In your case - for cold problems, for hot problems everything is fine. And if you look from the side of the battery? On the addicted problem, on the recharged gene, everything is fine. A good diagnostician won't hurt a typewriter
2. I also recommend that you pay attention to the malfunction: ignition coils, ignition module, switch contactless ignition candles.

Well, that's all dear friends, our article about the VAZ 2114 ECU has come to an end. Still have questions? Be sure to ask them in the comments!

In modern cars, more and more components and systems are electronically controlled. The manufacturers' approach is justified by the desire to improve the efficiency of the units, ensure the economy of operation, and provide the driver and passengers with maximum comfort. Synchronization of device operation and control of modes is practically impossible without the use of microprocessors and microcontrollers. In the car, these functions are performed by the on-board computer.

ECU - functions.

An on-board computer is a collection of electronic components. They control the engine, transmission, braking system, undercarriage, bodywork details (e.g. doors), interior climate, etc. Often, individual modules are combined into one unit. The device, which is entrusted with the main control functions, has received the generalized name of the ECU (electronic control unit, in the English version ECU - Electronic Control Unit) or controller.

Other designations are often used - electronic engine control unit, electronic system engine management (abbreviation - ECM, ECM - Engine Control Module,). Such options are valid only for some cars, since for the bulk the set of functions is much wider.

ECU functions are summarized in three main groups:

• polling sensors, receiving signals and processing them (for example, converting analog to digital form);
• calculation of control actions in accordance with the embedded algorithms;
• issuing control signals to actuators.

In fact the ECU modern cars controls all processes - from regulating the speed of rotation of the shaft and shifting gears in the automatic transmission, to the direction and intensity of the light flux of the headlights and opening the doors (in some cases, the controller even implements the functions of the entertainment center).

Main controlled parameters.

To ensure the functioning of the components and assemblies of the car, the control unit collects and processes the signals of the following sensors:

• Temperatures - Engine, Cooling Fluid, Environment;
• Air consumption and fuel supply;
• Idle mode;
• Position of the car on the lane, antiwear, ABS and other safety systems;
• Speed, engine speed, crankshaft and camshaft position;
• Throttle tilt and gas pedal position;
• Fluid pressure in the brake system;
• Interior climate and air conditioning sensors;
• Power steering or electric power steering;
• Voltage in the vehicle electrical system.

The set of processed signals depends on the model and modification of the car (for example, for SUVs with air suspension, its condition must be monitored). In the most prestigious brands and configurations, the number of polled sensors is several dozen.

Devices controlled by the ECU:

• throttle valve and elements of the air supply system (for example, turbochargers);
• fuel supply system devices (injectors, injectors, when fuel injection is carried out under the control of electronics);
• valve timing control system;
• electronic distributors of the ignition system;
• cooling fan;
• solenoids and valves for gear shifting in automatic and robotic transmissions;
• differential lock clutches;
• stove, air conditioner and other climate control devices;
• head light, interior lighting;
• windows;
• elements of car electrical equipment.

As well as the number of sensors, the set of controlled actuators depends on the make, model, configuration, vehicle options. In business or premium cars, the number of control commands may exceed the set typical for budget cars, an order of magnitude.

Example of a device diagram:

Physical implementation.

Motorists who have not encountered the replacement and repair of the electronic control unit often get the impression that the ECU is close in design to a PC or laptop (with the exception of the display). In reality, the implementation of the block is somewhat different - more precisely, an analogy with a computer motherboard.

In fact, the controller is a single printed circuit board located in a flat small-sized case (linear dimensions rarely exceed 20-30 cm, and 3-5 cm thick). The body is made of plastic (the option is used for ECUs installed in the cabin) or aluminum (alloys).

Manufacturers seal the unit as much as possible to prevent moisture and aggressive chemicals from entering (especially if the device is mounted under the hood of a car).

On the body there are connectors (most often, 2) for connecting the CAN bus. In addition, most ECUs are equipped with a diagnostic connector.

Since some of the power switches that control the actuators are also mounted on the board, part of the case may be a finned metal surface to provide efficient heat dissipation.

Printed circuit board - microprocessor or microcontroller device assembled, with installed:

• One or more microprocessors or controllers providing processing of sensor signals, calculation of control actions and issuance of control signals.
• Digital-to-analog and analog-to-digital converters that provide signal conditioning and conversion from analog to digital and vice versa (if necessary).
• Random access memory (RAM, RAM) intended for temporary storage of data processed in this moment time.
• Programmable read-only memory (EPROM, PROM), which stores the main program of the unit, algorithms for processing sensor signals and calculating control actions.
• Electrically reprogrammable storage device (EEPROM, EEPROM). Used for temporary independent storage of access codes and operational parameters, for example, mileage, fuel consumption, engine hours.

EEPROM performs an important function - registration and storage of data on failures and errors:

• operating time of the engine with excess temperature, permissible speed, misfire of the mixture;
• information about incorrect readings of knock sensors, mass air flow or oxygen concentration;
• traffic exceeding the permissible speed;
• condition of the on-board network, etc.

EEPROM is a non-volatile device in which the building is stored even with a complete disconnection of the on-board network, which allows using the stored data for accurate diagnosis of faults.

In most ECU models, there are power transistor switches on the board for controlling actuators and issuing signals to relays and solenoids.

A video describing the principle of operation of the unit, in great detail.

Where is the ECU located?

As a rule, the electronic control unit is located under the hood of the car, in the cabin (many options are under the dashboard, under back seat etc.), in the trunk (for example, on the Nissan Murano).

Some examples of the location of the ECU on a domestic car:

• Chevrolet Niva, Lada priora, Granta - the device is located under the dashboard in front of the passenger seat, mounted on the body shield.

• Lada Kalina - ECU is mounted under the center console (in the tunnel);

• Lada Vesta - the controller is mounted under the hood on the left suspension strut;

• VAZ 2114, 2115 - under the center console of the car, in the middle, behind the panel with a radio tape recorder with an offset to the left.

• Chevrolet Cruze - in the aggregate compartment next to the battery.

If a malfunction occurs, it is not difficult to find and dismantle it.

Failure reasons and diagnostics.

Failure of the electronic control unit is an infrequent phenomenon. The cause of the breakdown can be:

• installation of electrical equipment (for example, during repairs, installation of alarms, video recorders, navigation or entertainment complexes) by specialists who do not have the appropriate qualification level.
• Reversing the polarity of the supply voltage of the on-board network to the opposite.
• Removing the terminal from the battery while the engine is running, for example, to start another car.
• Inclusion of the starter with disconnected power conductors.
• The impact of high voltages on sensors or electrical wires of a car.
• Short circuit in the wiring.
• Breakdown in the high-voltage part of the ignition system.
• Violation of the tightness of the case, the penetration of moisture and dubbed corrosive chemicals, which corrodes the elements and conductors on the printed circuit board.
• Mechanical damage due to shock, violation of installation due to vibration.
• Overheating of the device, significant sharp temperature drop.

It is quite simple to judge the failure of an ECU:

• The engine will not start or will start after several attempts;
• Unstable operation of the power unit is observed;
• The actuation of the executive mechanisms or systems of the car is observed in violation of the algorithms;
• There is no reaction to changes in sensor signals.

Most motorists believe that the electronic control unit cannot be repaired; if it fails, it needs to be replaced. In fact, most of the faults can be eliminated with my own hands or trained electronics engineers.

You can determine the nature of the breakdown yourself by connecting the ECU through a special slot and a diagnostic connector to a PC or a specialized stand. In this case, the analysis of the information about system errors stored in the EEPROM is carried out.

Video about self-diagnosis car.

How to dismantle the ECU?

Removing the controller with your own hands is easy:

• Operations are performed that provide access to the device, for example, partial dismantling of the center console or disassembly of the instrument panel.
• The negative terminal of the battery is ALWAYS removed to avoid emergencies with the connected unit.
• Removable fixing latches or clamps on the loops of sensors, actuators and power supply.
• The connectors are disconnected.
• The fixing bolts are unscrewed and the ECU is removed.

The decision to repair or replace is made based on diagnostics. In any case, failure entails significant costs - the cost of blocks for domestic cars lies in the range of 10-20 thousand rubles, for foreign cars 14-50 thousand rubles. (depending on the car class). Repair will cost 40-50% of the indicated amounts.

Video with instructions for replacing the ECU on VAZ models.

Briefly about CHIP tuning.

It implies the modification of chips, more precisely, the programs contained in them. For the ECU, this means partial or full replacement firmware that determines the algorithm of the device.

With the help of chip tuning, it is possible to achieve a significant improvement in the functioning of car systems, for example, without serious technical alterations, an increase in the output power can be obtained within the range of 10-15%. Such an operation will also allow:

• adapt the engine to a different brand of fuel (for example, use 92 gasoline instead of higher octane ones);
• achieve stable operation of units in various conditions, for example, when the air conditioner is on;
• prevent the appearance of some errors;
• to programmatically disable the components and system elements that have failed or prevent optimal operation (for example, in the event of a catalyst breakdown);
• remove the established restrictions (the most popular is changing the maximum speed limit).

With the appropriate equipment and little preparation, the process takes no more than 15 minutes. Rolling back the firmware to the factory default is just as easy and quick.

Practically the only problem preventing the widespread use of chip tuning is the price of the issue. Firmware for almost every car is posted online. However, the device for programming the ECU is quite expensive (especially for foreign cars). In service centers, the service will cost within 10-30 thousand rubles. Accordingly, before using it, you should carefully weigh all the benefits that can be obtained.

ECU stands for Electronic Control Unit. It is small electronic boardresponsible for collecting and processing various information about the condition of the machine. If the engine can be called the heart, then the ECU is without a doubt the brain. This device is also called a "controller". Information about speed, engine and outside temperature, oxygen level, etc. enters the ECU from sensors. Commands for the ignition system, gearbox (for the machine), ABS, fuel pump, light control and other systems.

In order to understand what an ECU is in a car, you first need to understand how this system works. First of all, the ECU collects data from sensors:

• Motor and ambient temperature,
• Oxygen and fuel supply data,
• Speed \u200b\u200bsensor,
• Idling sensor,
• Data from anti-skid systems, stabilization systems, anti-lock braking systems, some other safety systems,
• Information about the condition of the crankshaft (or crankshafts)
• Information about the position of the throttle valve, gas pedal
• Monitoring the amount of coolant, brake fluid and the brake system itself
• Car voltage sensor,
• Information from the EUR circuit or about the condition of the power steering.

This is the minimum set of data that a block electronic control receives for analysis constantly. The higher the class of the car, the longer the list. For example, state data is added air suspension off-road vehicle, etc.

As all this information is analyzed, the ECU constantly gives commands to keep the car in working mode. In fact, the control unit always keeps under control:

• Injector injection,
• Air supply and whole ignition system,
• Gas distribution control,
• Exhaust gas composition,
• Automatic gearbox control
• Maintaining the desired temperature value,
• The entire lighting system, indoor and outdoor,
• Heating, air conditioning,
• Windows and stuff.

What does an ECU look like

This is an electronic board housed in a small housing (aluminum or plastic). The shell material depends on the location of the block. If it is located in the passenger compartment, it is usually in a plastic case, and if under the hood of the car, then in a metal one. A pair of connectors come out of the controller for CAN bus... Sometimes there is an additional connector for easy diagnostics and flashing.

Inside the ECU is arranged like a mini computer, the control unit board consists of storage devices, namely:

• RAM - random access memory for processing intermediate vehicle data,
• EPROM - read-only memory, stores engine function settings and other necessary software.
• EEPROM - designed to store temporary information: lock and access codes, mileage, temperature in the engine, fuel consumption, etc.

Functional microcircuits of the ECU receive data about the state of the vehicle, analyze them and send current commands to the executing devices. The control components of the ECU are modules that detect and analyze errors. They give an error on the display ("Check Engine" or other warning), or block the start of the engine.

The ECU is easily identified by the two loops connected to it. If the ECM is located under the bonnet, it is next to the fuse box or battery. If it is in the cabin, it is usually under the panel, or under the rear sofa. There are car models in which the electronic control unit is located even in the trunk.

ECU malfunctions and repair

The ECU is an important and usually very reliable part of a car. But we can definitely talk about its malfunction:

• If the machine does not start or is poorly controlled,
• Various locks occur (doors, clutches, etc.),
• The display constantly shows errors,
• Engine malfunctions occur.

The most common reason for ECU failure is a short circuit in the on-board power supply. Also, breakdown can occur due to an accident, overheating, ingress of liquids (water, antifreeze) on the board, as a result of corrosion.

The control unit is a very expensive part of a car. Its cost for "popular" foreign cars is $ 300 - $ 500. Before buying a new unit, show the old one to a good expert. If the microcircuit "burned out" or corroded only partially, for sure (with a probability of 80%) it is possible to restore its operability and drive on it for some time.

Removing the ECU is quite simple, for this you need:

1. Disconnect the negative terminal of the battery,
2. Disconnect the two incoming stubs,
3. Unscrew the mounting bolts.

If the ECU is located near the stove on the front panel, you will first need to remove it (panel).

The operation of systems and units of a modern car directly depends on the correct operation of the "think tank", called electronic control unit (ECU)he is Powertrain Control Module (PCM)... Malfunctions in the electronic unit are immediately reflected in the operation of the power supply, transmission, exhaust system and other elements.

If the ECU electronic control unit is out of order

Due to the complexity of the device, this unit cannot be repaired in a conventional service station - it is simply replaced, after making sure that the cause of interference in the operation of the car is indeed the failure of the ECU. To check the operability of the control unit, complex equipment is required; such testing is only possible for a specialized service center.

If there is a need to install a new unit to replace an unusable one, you first need to identify and eliminate the "cause of death" of the previous one. This can be a tricky task, but it saves you the trouble of replacing the block again.

There are two the main causes of ECU breakdown:
- overvoltage caused, for example, by a short circuit;
- exposure to external factors such as overheating, vibration, shock, corrosion. Protect the computer from moisture in particular. Water seeping into the housing can cause short circuits and corrosion.

Purchase and replacement of an electronic ECU unit

The main part of the ECUs sold in the markets and in spare parts stores are used blocks that have been restored at the factory, since the restoration is much more beneficial for manufacturers. Of course, not all damaged blocks can be restored. For example, a block from a "drowned" car, most likely, no one will repair.

Despite the fact that outwardly electronic blocks may look exactly the same, have the same size and the same contact arrangement, their settings are radically different. And this is understandable, because they are responsible for the operation of the units of a car of a particular brand and year of manufacture. When installing a "non-native" ECU, even if the car starts and drives, all the systems of the car will fail. It is necessary that the electronic unit to be replaced be absolutely identical.

When buying an ECU, you need to know the make of the car, year of manufacture, engine size and manufacturer's code indicated on the block.

Each ECU has chip PROM (Program Read Only Memory)which stores all the settings this car... Most often, this microcircuit needs to be rearranged from the old to the new electronic unit. In later car models, instead of a microcircuit, a flash memory or EEPROM (Electronically Erasable Program Read Only Memory) - rewritable storage device.

When replacing a unit, the main job is connecting it to the car wiring through the appropriate connectors. Connecting can complicate the inconvenient and hard-to-reach location of the ECU. In any case, before connecting the unit, you need to disconnect the terminal from the battery.

Many units after connection require additional customization under the parameters of this vehicle. This process is individual for each car and is fully described in the instructions for service... The block reprogramming procedure, for example, skoda octavia A5 chip tuning, should be performed only at authorized service centers. It is extremely shortsighted and even dangerous to trust the chip-tuning of the ECU to "garage" self-taught craftsmen.

Electronic engine control unit VAZ 2114 Is a kind of device that can be described as the brain of a car. Through this block in the car, absolutely everything works - from a small sensor to the engine. And if the device starts to junk, then the car will simply stop, because it has no one to command, distribute the work of departments and so on.

To avoid confusion, just an explanation: the electronic control system of the engines, or brains, the controller, as well as the firmware, the abbreviation ECU and ECM, the processor in the wheelbarrow - all this is the same!

To find out where the ECU is located on the VAZ 2114, you need to look under the dashboard torpedo (center), of course, after removing all the torpedo casing fasteners (if it becomes interesting right now to look at the electronic unit - a Phillips screwdriver will help you).

But looking at the location of the block will be useless for you if you do not know what an ecu is and how it works. The principle of operation of the firmware on the fourteenth is not such a complicated process, on the one hand, on the other hand, it collects the entire system of the engine, suspension, gearbox into one. But he is more attached to the engine. From the moment you start your car, the brain of your car begins to work on collecting information that comes from all the sensors that are on the fourteenth, then it processes it and distributes the work of the engine system according to the information received.

The ECU on the VAZ 2114 collects data from the following sensors:

• Crankshaft positions
• Mass air flow
• Chilled temperatures
• Throttle positions
• Detonation
• Oxygen
• Speed

This is the main list, there may be tuning gadgets or a couple of other sensors (depending on the configuration), but all of them will always work directly with the VAZ 2114 ECU. With the help of this information, the controller regulates the operation of the following systems:

1. Fuel supply system - everything related to the operation of the fuel pump, pressure and injectors
2. Ignition
3. Adsorber
4. Engine idling
5. Radiator operation
6. Self-diagnosis

Brains on a VAZ 2114, in order to keep up with everything, consist of three types of memory:

1. A department with read-only memory that can be programmed (EPROM - software read-only memory). This is what we call firmware, in this department you can upload the main program for the operation of the electronic unit. The program contains the basis: calibrations and algorithms for engine control. The advantages of this department of memory are that it is constant and will not be erased at the time of a sudden power cut. Such a moment as chip tuning is associated with this particular memory.
2. Division with rAM, which stores mainly pop-up system errors and those parameter settings that may change depending on the situation (RAM - random access memory). If you turn off the power, everything that was recorded by this section of memory will be lost.
3. Anti-theft code memory department (ERPZU - electrically reprogrammable storage device). This section contains information about the signaling passwords, which the immobilizer is checked against every time the engine is started.

Since the production of the fourteenth took place over several years, the modernization also concerned the properties of the controller. Accordingly, the ECU on the VAZ 2114 is of several types.

One of the earliest electronic units was January 4 and GM 09. They were placed on the first Samara 2, starting in 2000. The modification included the presence or absence of a resonant knock sensor.

The model range is quite wide, below are the versions of the brain with the toxicity rate and the main characteristics.

Already in 2003, the fourteenth began to be equipped with improved brains (which, incidentally, fit both the thirteenth and the fifteenth) - this is "January 5.1x". this controller was produced in three variations related to fuel injection: simultaneous injection, parallel injection and phased injection.

By the way, this type of brain fits well in terms of parameters with "VS (Itelma) 5.1" or "BOSCH M1.5.4", which allows you to interchange domestic firmware with a foreign one. Below are models of all three lines of brains.

Control unit VAZ 2114, presented different models one line, will be built on a single base, and the models will differ only in the switching of nozzles or heating of the DC.

On "January":

On BOSCH:

Bosch MP7.0

Bosch is not so simple. For example, there is such a firmware from the manufacturer as "BOSCH MP7.0". On the auto parts market, you can find it only for disassembly (and then in the afternoon with fire), and so it was installed at the factory - regular - in a single volume. The connector has a standard layout - 55. It lends itself well to crossover.

Bosch M7.9.7

Or such a brain - "BOSCH M7.9.7". It has been released since the end of 2003. It has a non-standard connector, which makes it difficult to replace it with other firmware. This is a more western, sophisticated electronic unit with a Euro 2 and 3 standard, although its connector is unique, it is structurally better (there is a switch) than its competitors and predecessors. And it weighs less.

Probably the only available analogue of the domestic manufacturer Boshevsky M7.9.7 is "January 7.2". this controller is made with a different wiring quality - it is 81-pin, you can try to replace it with a Boshev one, although in practice there are still inconsistencies. These controllers are made on Itelm and Avtel, and according to their characteristics, this is the sequel to January-5.

The same, but for a volume of 1.6:

January 7.2 - V1.6

January 7.3

And most the latest modification domestic January became the electronic unit "M 7.3", it is also called January 7.3, but this is incorrect. It is he who can most often be found on modern fourteenths, since he was staged since 2007. They produced it well - the Euro 3 standard could be tightened even at Euro 4, they did everything in the same place: at Itelm and Avtel. Below you can see the main characteristics of this firmware for the 1.6 engine with 8 valves.

And now we return to the question of how to find out which ECU is on the VAZ 2114. More precisely, now you can do this by simply looking at the number of your controller and finding it in any of the lists. If the fourteenth had a bortovik, he would give you the block number, but even a tag every other time has to dream of such curiosities, therefore, we move the casing and climb inside, look at the number with their own eyes.

The engine control system of the VAZ 2114 is easy to diagnose without the presence of an onboard, a regular laptop with the desired program will do. Diagnostics is a good thing, it helps to read the errors that jumped out and give ideas on how to repair the computer with your own hands. It's not troublesome, especially when you consider how much an ECU costs on a VAZ 2114 - an average of 5,000 rubles.

Controller repair is often associated with such a process as pumping (chip tuning, firmware flashing, etc.). The procedure is needed primarily in order to increase the power of the engines. You can, of course, come up with a turbine, but you can get by with a little blood - the software downloaded from the Internet will cost free, and the effect will definitely be there.

That is, tuning will affect the engine operation algorithm internal combustion... There are a lot of types of how to do this, which programs to use and which parameters to set. For example, you can make benzyl consumption standard under any circumstances, but then the thrill from overclocking will fall. And you can increase the power power plant: then the fourteenth will eat a little more benzene, but also give out well-deserved speed.

You can still conjure up with the moment of ignition or make your Samara eat benz of a lower octane number, and drive with the same quality. These last two points are controversial with regard to the wear of parts, and in practice, more often than not, car owners want to add power to the wheelbarrow, so that it briskly enters corners and dynamically accelerates.