The D 144 engine is universal, since it was installed in more than 10 types of equipment - tractors, rollers, asphalt pavers, etc. In this regard, it is very easy to get spare parts for it. It is also unusual that the engine is air-cooled.

The D 144 engine is diesel. Its development and further production was carried out by the Vladimir Motor-Transport Plant, which, in turn, is a special enterprise for the development of similar motors. In conclusion, we can say that D 144 is installed in various technical means of foreign origin.

Engine advantages

• Ease of repair
• Leverage. Responsible for turning on / off the hydraulic pump
• Fuel savings due to the use of a single-plunger fuel pump

Disadvantages of the engine

• Cast iron exhaust manifold
• Insufficient cooling speed
• Topping up oil every 2-3 months
• Oil seepage through the oil seal on KV

Specifications

The characteristics are divided into two groups - basic and unique.

Basic characteristics:

• cylinder size - 105/120 mm;
• working volume - 4.16 liters;
• torque reserve - 15%;
• dry motor weight / with filling tanks - 375/390 kg.
• length / width / height - 919/741/848 mm.

Due to the rather high power, the D 144 engine performed well in different conditions work - both at low and high temperatures.

The D 144 engine has 3 versions, differing in power, namely 60, 50 and 37 hp. respectively.

Low fuel consumption is achieved by the presence air cooling.

Since these engines are in demand in various fields of human activity, VMTZ has seriously engaged in the development of a modified version of this engine.

Work principles

The engine operation is simple and similar to other diesel engines. The engine is started using a starter. In addition, in many facilities where the D 144 is installed, the starter is automatic, and glow plugs are used to facilitate starting. Consider the structure of the main systems of the unit.

Supply system

The power supply system is not unique, no differences from similar engines are observed. Fuel is supplied by an in-line type fuel pump. Closed type nozzles and multi-layer spray are available. There are 2 types of fuel filters - coarse and fine.

The advantage of filters is their versatility, since they are easy to replace and it is possible to replace them with similar ones from other engines. An air cleaner is installed, which is a paper element.

Lubrication system

Lubrication is carried out in a combined way - it is sprayed under pressure on the desired surfaces. Liquid cooling is carried out in a special radiator. This allows you not to use liquid cooling... Also, since some of the heat is lost through the additional radiator, air cooling is sufficient. The system includes an engine driven oil pump and filter.

Cooling system

In the first versions, the motor was cooled passively, but in latest modifications a forced cooling fan was installed. Its torque is transmitted via a belt drive. At the same time, he drives the KV fan.

Electrical equipment

Of the electrical equipment, the D 144 engine has only two parts - a starter and a generator.

The generator generates alternating current, but it also has a built-in rectifier to convert the current. The voltage is 12/24 V and the power is 700-1000 W.

The starter is standard. The voltage will also be 12/24. B but on different engines has different power - 4 kW and 5.9 kW, respectively.

Operation prohibitions

long-term overload operation

long work on idling

operation without fan shroud and deflectors

work without air cleaner

work intermittently, knocks.

Disassembly of engines is carried out in accordance with the faults that were before the disassembly.

Replacement of parts of the piston group

The rings are replaced if the fence in the ring lock exceeds 5mm. The ring grooves and oil drain holes are cleaned of carbon deposits, and the piston is flushed with diesel fuel. The installed rings should move smoothly in the grooves and sink into them.

The pistons are replaced when the clearance in height between the upper groove and the compression ring is more than 0.5 mm, as well as when the clearance of 0.5 mm between the piston skirt and the cylinder is exceeded when the piston is at TDC. When installing the piston, the ring locks are set at an angle of 90 ° to one another, but they should not be against the hole for the finger. In this case, the pistons are installed only in the same cylinders in which they worked.

Replacement of KB inserts

Liners must be replaced under the following conditions:

• clearance in connecting rod bearings - 0.4 mm
• clearance in main bearings - 0.35 mm
• ovality of necks - 0.15 mm

KV journals, as well as bearings, are manufactured in two ratings. The upper and lower liners are selected by the manufacturer, and a violation of their completeness is a violation of operation.

When assembling the KShM, all oil supply channels in the crankcase and KV must be cleaned, rinsed with diesel fuel and purged with compressed air. The beds and outer surfaces of the liners are wiped dry, and the shaft necks are covered with a thin layer engine oil.

The crankshaft should move freely in tightened bearings, and the lower ends of the connecting rods should move along the journals with hand force.

Conclusion

Motor D 144 justifies the expression "price \u003d quality" by its existence. It has many advantages, but you should not forget about weak points engine, which are more related to various consumables.

The Vladimir Motor-Tractor Plant has been producing tractors and engines for them since 1945. One of the most popular and well-known products of this enterprise is the D-144 engine, which will be discussed in this article. It is important to know the technical characteristics of the D-144 engine for the operation of the equipment on which it is installed.

The diesel power unit D-144 manufactured by VMTZ is installed on more than 10 different types of equipment. These machines include the T-40, LTZ-55 and T-28 tractors, concrete mixers, rollers, asphalt pavers and loaders. It is also widely used in diesel welding machines and as a drive for small power plants. To obvious merits this motor include the availability of spare parts, good maintainability, high service life and ease of use.

D-144 engine

Main characteristics

The D-144 motor has the following overall dimensions:

• the length of the power unit is 919 mm;
• the width, in turn, is 741 mm;
• the height is 848 mm.

There are three modifications of the D-144 engine. The first version of this motor has 60 hp. and the following characteristics:

• the crankshaft rotation speed is 2000 rpm;
• maximum torque is 221 Newtons per meter;
• fuel consumption is 242 grams per watt per hour.

Motor version with an operating power of 50 horse power has the following features:

• the frequency of revolutions is 1800 rpm;
• the torque has a value of 205 newtons per meter;
• the fuel consumption figure stopped at around 241 grams per watt per hour.

The third version of the motor has a capacity of 37 horsepower. This unit has the following technical characteristics:

• the number of revolutions of the crankshaft per minute - 1500 rpm;
• torque - 192 N × m;

Each of these versions of the D-144 internal combustion engine is equipped with four cylinders arranged in-line. The cylinder diameter is 120 mm, in the version with a capacity of 37 hp. - 105 mm. The following are the features common to each of the three diesel versions:

• the working volume of each of the cylinders is 4.16 liters;
• curb weight of the D-144 engine varies from 375 to 390 kg, depending on the configuration;
• the oil consumption value ranges from 0.3 to 0.5% of the original amount. This value depends on the amount of fuel used.

Engine device

The principle of operation of the D-144 engine does not differ from other internal combustion engines. The power unit is started by means of a starter, and in some models of technology this device is automatic. The starter voltage can be either 12 or 24 V, while its power varies in various modifications and can be 4 or 5.9 kW. The unit is designed with spark plugs.

The core of the engine design is a one-piece housing on which the cylinder heads are mounted. At the same time, the cylinder block as such, as on other air-cooled ICEs, is not provided for in the D-144. There is also a piston group consisting of pistons with a diameter of 105 mm. The combustion chamber is also located there.

Fuel pump diagram

The fuel supply is carried out using an in-line injection pump - a high pressure fuel pump. D-144 is injection engine with closed nozzles. Also, the design of this engine provides for two fuel purification systems. Both of these fuel filters - coarse and fine - are versatile and easy to replace. In addition to the fuel filter, the D-144 has an oil inertial air filter.

The engine lubrication system consists of an oil pump, a filter and a radiator to cool the lubricant. The lubrication process in the D-144 occurs by spraying a liquid under pressure on all surfaces of the motor. The oil filter is easily replaceable, and the cooling radiator is a metal tube.

Early versions of the D-144 had passive system cooling. However, the latest motor options include a forced cooling system. Its main element is an automatic axial fan with a belt drive, which transmits torque.

The engine is designed with an alternating current generator. The generator has a rectifier that converts AC to DC and a voltage regulator. The voltage of this device is 12 or 24 V, and its power varies from 700 to 1000 W.

Optional equipment

VMTZ offers customers an installation additional options for a power unit of its own production.

In this way, new engine D-144 can be equipped with the following units:

1. Updated fuel injection pump of domestic or Czech production.
2. Pneumatic compressor.
3. Hydraulic pump.
4. Electric equipment of increased power.
5. Additional sensors for emergency temperature, pressure and other parameters of the motor.
6. An additional lever for stopping the injection pump.

The engine is used on various equipment

Disadvantages of the engine

In addition to the advantages, the power unit manufactured by VMTZ has the following disadvantages:

• the relative unreliability of the steel exhaust manifold, which burns out over time;
• repairing the fuel pump with your own hands is difficult to carry out due to design features motor;
• insufficient efficiency of the air cooling system;
• high oil consumption, including due to leaks through the oil seal located on the crankshaft.

Price and repair

You can buy a second-hand D-144 engine both from private individuals and in various workshops and salons. According to various catalogs, in 2018 the minimum price of a used D-144 diesel after overhaul, which includes a complete disassembly, cleaning and inspection of the engine, valve adjustment, repair of the crankshaft, cylinder block, fuel and oil supply systems, as well as the cooling system, starts at 10,000 rubles. Used engines will cost the buyer at least 35,000 rubles, depending on the year of manufacture and the general condition of the engine.

The assembled diesel engine (Fig. 2.1.6) is removed from the tractor for repair or replacement if cracks are detected in the cylinder block, suspicious knocking of main or connecting rod bearings, the ultimate clearance in at least one of the crankshaft journal - liner interfaces.

What type of MTZ engine repairs to make (capital or current) is decided when measuring the main parameters: piston pins, pistons, cylinder liners, connecting rod bushings.

First, check the condition of the connecting rod bearings and crankshaft journals.

For this purpose, remove the oil pan, oil lines, oil pump (Fig. 2.1.7), connecting rod caps, measure the diameter of the crankshaft connecting rod journals (see Fig. 2.1.8).

Figure: 2.1.6. The engine of the MTZ-80, MTZ-82 tractor assembly:
1- oil pan; 2 - crankshaft; 3 - connecting rod; 4 - flywheel; 5 - camshaft; 6 - cylinder block; 7 - cylinder head; 8 - cylinder head cover; 9 - cap; 10 - valve; 11 - valve spring; 12 - piston; 13 - barbell; 14 - fan

The diameter of the MTZ-80, MTZ-82 connecting rod journals must be measured in two planes - parallel and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the connecting rod.

If the ovality of the necks exceeds the permissible value, or if their diameter has become less than the lower tolerance of the corresponding size group, then the crankshaft must be removed (Fig. 2.1.9, 2.1.10) and given for regrinding to the next repair size.

Nominal and repair dimensions of the connecting rod journals of the D-240 engine crankshaft

In fact, in addition to the repair dimensions (P1, P2, P3), alternating every 0.5 mm and installed by the engine manufacturer, with minor wear of the crankshaft journal, they are sharpened for additional dimensions (D1, D2, DZ), which are replaced with repair dimensions after 0 , 25 mm. The inserts of repair sizes for additional sizes (D1, D2, DZ) are also processed approximately.

The ovality of the connecting rod journals of the D-240 engine should be no more than 0.06 mm.

If, after measuring the connecting rod journals, it turns out that all dimensions are within the normal range, the disassembly of the engine is continued (Fig. 2.1.11-2.1.14) by removing the cylinder head and removing the pistons with connecting rods assembled.

To determine whether it is worth changing the conrod bearing shells, the diameter of the connecting rod bearing bore is measured with its cap assembly tightened with the inserts (Fig. 2.1.15).

	Figure: 2.1.11. How to remove the cap of the cylinder head cover MTZ-80, MTZ-82
	Figure: 2.1.12. How to remove the cylinder head cover MTZ-80, MTZ-82
	Figure: 2.1.13. How to remove the rocker arm shaft assembly and disconnect the pipelines MTZ-80, MTZ-82
	Figure: 2.1.14. How to remove the cylinder head MTZ-80, MTZ-82
	Figure: 2.1.15. How to measure the diameter of the bearing bore of the MTZ-80, MTZ-82 connecting rod: 1 - indicator bore gauge; 2 - connecting rod assembly with inserts

The difference between the measurements of the diameters of the crankshaft connecting rod journal and the connecting rod bearing bore shows the real diametral clearance in the connecting rod bearing. The design clearance in the connecting rod bearings is within the range of 0.05-0.12 mm, the allowable clearance should not exceed 0.3 mm.

If the surface of the bushings is in a satisfactory condition, the size of the diametrical clearance in the bearing may become an important reason for replacement. When inspecting the condition of the liners, it should be remembered that the surface of the antifriction layer is considered acceptable if there are no scuffs on it, there are no changes in the antifriction material and there are no foreign inclusions.

Piston group, cylinder block and crankshaft of the D-144 diesel engine of the T-40 tractor

Diesel D-144 includes: a crank mechanism, a gas distribution mechanism, an air and fuel supply system, a lubrication system, a cooling system and a starting device.

Crank mechanism of the D144 diesel engine

The crank mechanism of the D-144 engine of the T-40 tractor (Fig. 2) serves to convert the reciprocating motion of the pistons into the rotational motion of the crankshaft.

The flywheel 11 installed on the D-144 diesel crankshaft of the T-40 tractor serves to reduce the uneven operation of the diesel engine and transfer torque to the tractor transmission through the clutch.

- long-term operation when overloading the diesel D144;

Fig. 1.

Diesel engine D-144 of the T-40 tractor

Figure: 2. Crank mechanism of the D144 engine of the T-40 tractor

1- leading pulley of the fan drive; 2 - special bolt; 3 - oil pump drive gear; 4 - gear wheel of the distribution drive; 5 - connecting rod bearing shell; 6 - connecting rod; 7 - piston; 8 - oil scraper ring; 9 - compression rings; 10- root liner
bearing; 11 - flywheel; 12 - cuff; 13 - ball bearing; 14 - rear oil deflector; 15 - connecting rod bolt nut; 16 - crankshaft; 17 - counterweight; 18 - front oil deflector

The D-144 cylinder block of the T40 tractor combines cylinder liners, crankshaft supports and supports for gas distribution mechanism parts.

The lower halves of the crankshaft supports are fixed to the bottom of the crankcase block.

The lower part of the D-144 cylinder block of the T-40 tractor is closed with an oil pan, which can be light mounted or load-bearing. The front part of the crankcase block houses the drive of the gas distribution mechanism and auxiliary systems.

Air-cooled engines D144 of the T-40 tractor do not have a single cylinder block. Their cylinders are separate, removable with radiator fins on the outside to improve heat dissipation.

The cylinder head of the D-144 diesel engine of the T-40 tractor contains valves and other parts of the gas distribution mechanism, gas exchange channels, seats for fuel injectors... In addition, a non-split or split type combustion chamber can be placed in the cylinder head.

When disassembling the D-144 diesel engine for repair, the cavities of the crankshaft connecting rod journals should be cleaned. To do this, remove the cotter pins and unscrew the screw plugs.

The disassembled diesel D-144 is inspected and checked, in accordance with what malfunctions were observed in its operation before disassembly. So, for example, if a diesel engine smoked heavily, consumed a lot of oil, or there was a strong evolution of gases from the gas outlet pipe, it was observed
a drop in power, there was a difficult start, it is necessary to check the condition and degree of wear of the piston rings, pistons and cylinders.

Replacement of parts of the piston group of the D144 diesel engine of the T-40 tractor

The D-144 piston rings of the T-40 tractor must be replaced if the clearance in the lock of the ring inserted into the new cylinder exceeds 5 mm or if the height clearance between the compression ring and the piston groove exceeds 0.5 mm.

When installing the piston in the cylinder, the ring locks are placed at an angle of 90 ° to one another, but so that the ring locks are not against the hole for the finger.

The pistons are placed in the same cylinders in which they worked. The cylinder bore is lubricated with engine oil before setting the piston.

Replacement of the main and connecting rod bearings of the crankshaft of the D-144 engine of the T-40 tractor

In addition to the production ratings, there are four repair sizes of connecting rod and main bearings, which are designated as follows: inserts of the first repair size P1, inserts of the second repair size P2, etc. A similar marking is applied to the side
the surfaces of the thrust half rings are of repair dimensions only.

When regrinding the journals of the crankshaft of the D-144 engine of the T-40 tractor to the repair size, it is necessary to maintain the dimensions of the journals and, in accordance with the obtained repair size, after regrinding, select and install the liners, as indicated earlier.

In the process of grinding, the radius of the crank should be strictly observed, equal to 60 ± 0.09 mm, and the radius of the transition fillets is 5 -0.5 mm, since with an increase in the radius of the crank, the piston may hit the valve or cylinder head, and if the radius of the fillet is reduced, breakdowns are possible
crankshaft.

- uncomplete the bearing shells, and also install them on the other journal of the D-144 diesel crankshaft;

A correctly laid crankshaft of the D-144 engine of the T40 tractor should rotate freely in tightened bearings without any signs of jamming, and the lower connecting rod heads should move along the necks from hand force.

________

_____

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

Diesel engines for trucks and tractors. Spare parts, adjustments and repairs.

______________________________________________________________________

Details of the cylinder block and the crankshaft of the D-144 diesel engine

The D-144 diesel engine installed on the T-40 tractors is a four-stroke, compressorless, air-cooled, with direct fuel injection.

Diesel includes: a crank mechanism, a gas distribution mechanism, an air and fuel supply system, a lubrication system, a cooling system and a starting device.

Crank mechanism of the D144 diesel engine

The crank mechanism (Fig. 2) is used to convert the reciprocating movement of the pistons into the rotational movement of the crankshaft.

The pistons are affected by the gas pressure forces arising from the combustion of fuel in the cylinders. Through a connecting rod pivotally connected to the piston and the connecting rod journal of the crankshaft, the force is transmitted to the crankshaft crank 16.

The flywheel 11 mounted on the crankshaft serves to reduce the uneven operation of the diesel engine and transmit torque to the tractor transmission through the clutch.

To ensure normal operating conditions of the parts of the crank mechanism of the D-144 engine of the T40 tractor during operation, it is not allowed:

- long-term operation during diesel overload;

- diesel engine operation with oil pressure below 0.15 MPa (1.5 kgf / cm2);

- operation of the diesel engine at an oil temperature in the line above 120 ° and below 40 ° C;

- long-term operation of the diesel engine at idle speed, causing coking of the piston rings;

- operation of a diesel engine without a fan casing and deflectors or with a loose fit of them to the mating surfaces;

- operation of a diesel engine without an air cleaner, with a faulty air cleaner or air suction through the connections of the suction pipelines;

- diesel engine operation intermittently, abnormal knocking and smoky exhaust.

Fig. 1. Diesel engine D-144 of the T-40 tractor

1 - leading pulley of the fan drive; 2 - generator; 3-fan; 4 - front deflector; 5 - cylinder head; 6 - nozzle; 7 - inlet pipeline; 8 - outlet pipeline; 9 - cylinder; 10 - middle deflector; 11 - flywheel housing; 12 - fuel filters; 13 - diesel engine crankcase; 14 - dipstick-oil meter; 15 - oil sump; 16 - connecting rod; 17 - crankshaft

2. The crank mechanism of the D144 engine

1- leading pulley of the fan drive; 2 - special bolt; 3 - oil pump drive gear; 4 - gear wheel of the distribution drive; 5 - connecting rod bearing shell; 6 - connecting rod; 7 - piston; 8 - oil scraper ring; 9 - compression rings; 10- main bearing shell; 11 - flywheel; 12 - cuff; 13 - ball bearing; 14 - rear oil deflector; 15 - connecting rod bolt nut; 16 - crankshaft; 17 - counterweight; 18 - front oil deflector

The main part of the skeleton of the D-144 engine of the T-40 tractor - the cylinder block is usually a cast iron or aluminum casting of a complex shape.

The cylinder block combines the cylinder liners, crankshaft bearings and valve timing parts. The lower halves of the crankshaft supports are fixed to the bottom of the crankcase block.

The lower part of the cylinder block is closed by an oil pan, which can be lightweight mounted or load-bearing. The front part of the crankcase block houses the drive of the gas distribution mechanism and auxiliary systems.

The rear of the engine block-crankcase is connected to the crankcase of the transmission units.

Air-cooled engines do not have a single cylinder block. Their cylinders are separate, removable with radiator fins on the outside to improve heat dissipation.

The cylinder head of the D-144 engine of the T-40 tractor is an aluminum alloy casting, but it can also be cast iron.

The cylinder head of a diesel engine houses valves and other parts of the gas distribution mechanism, gas exchange channels, seats for fuel injectors. In addition, a non-split or split type combustion chamber can be accommodated in the cylinder head.

The cylinder heads of air-cooled engines are individual and have an external radiator.

When disassembling for repair, clean the cavities of the crankshaft connecting rod journals.

To do this, pull out the cotter pins and unscrew the screw plugs.

The efficiency of centrifugal oil cleaning in the cavities of the connecting rod journals of the D-144 crankshaft of the T40 tractor largely depends on the fulfillment of all the rules maintenance lubrication system, as well as from the correct storage of oil and filling it into a diesel engine.

With a drop in power, strong smoke and gas outlet through the gas outlet pipe, difficult start-up, a drop in oil pressure in the line below 0.15 MPa (1.5 kgf / cm2) with the appearance of abnormal knocks associated with a malfunction of the crank mechanism, also with a large when crankcase oil burns out, the diesel should be disassembled and inspected. Diesel is disassembled indoors.

The disassembled diesel D-144 is inspected and checked, in accordance with what faults were observed in its operation before disassembly.

So, for example, if the diesel engine smoked heavily, consumed a lot of oil, or there was a strong evolution of gases from the gas outlet pipe, a drop in power was observed, there was a difficult start, it is necessary to check the condition and degree of wear of the piston rings, pistons and cylinders.

If the pressure gauge showed low or zero oil pressure in all operating modes, then before disassembling the diesel, you should check (if necessary, correct or replace) the pressure gauge and make sure the oil receiver grid is clean and the oil pump pressure reducing valve and the centrifuge are in good condition.

Only after these checks can you begin to disassemble the main and connecting rod bearings to inspect the rubbing surfaces, determine the gap in them and troubleshoot.

Replacement of parts of the piston group of the D144 diesel

Piston rings must be replaced if the clearance in the lock of a ring inserted into a new cylinder exceeds 5 mm or if the clearance in height between the compression ring and the piston groove exceeds 0.5 mm.

When replacing the piston rings, the grooves for the rings and the oil drain holes are thoroughly cleaned of carbon deposits and the piston is washed with diesel fuel. When putting rings on the piston, do not set the ring locks more than 30 mm.

The piston rings installed on the piston of the D-144 engine of the T-40 tractor should move freely in the grooves. When the piston is rotated 360 ° in a horizontal position, the rings should move smoothly in the grooves and sink into them.

When setting rings 9 (see Fig. 2), the chrome ring is placed in the upper groove; the second and third tapered "minute" compression rings - into the grooves with the mark "top" towards the piston crown.

The oil scraper (double) ring 8 with an expander is placed so that in the upper part of the groove there is a ring with drainage grooves (grooves down), and in the lower part - a ring without drainage grooves, with a rectangular groove down.

When installing the piston in the cylinder, the ring locks are placed at an angle of 90 ° to one another, but so that the ring locks are not against the hole for the finger. The pistons are placed in the same cylinders in which they worked. The cylinder bore is lubricated with engine oil before setting the piston.

The pistons of the D-144 engine of the T-40 tractor are replaced when the clearance in height between the upper groove and the new compression ring exceeds 0.5 mm, when the clearance between the piston skirt and the cylinder exceeds 0.5 mm with the piston in the upper dead center (TDC).

In the latter case, at the same time as the piston, replace the cylinder and a 0.3 mm thick copper gasket installed between the cylinder flange and the upper plane of the crankcase. New piston and cylinder are matched to one another before installation.

Replacing the main and connecting rod bearings of the crankshaft of the D-144 engine

The clearances in the bearings are checked by measuring the diameters of the journal of the shaft and the corresponding liners, clamped by the covers in the bed of the crankcase (or connecting rod), in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the joint of the bearings.

With a gap in the connecting rod bearings of 0.4 mm, in the main bearings of 0.35 mm and an ovality of the journals of 0.15 mm, the journals of the D-144 crankshaft of the T-40 tractor should be resurfaced and the liners should be replaced. The crankshaft journals are made of two denominations.

Shafts, the main and connecting rod journals of which are made according to the dimensions of the first denomination, do not have a special designation. The shafts, the main and connecting rod journals of which are made according to the size of the second nominal, have the designation 2KSCh on the eighth cheek.

On the crankshafts of the D144 engine of the T-40 tractor, the main journals of which are made according to the first rating, and the connecting rods according to the second, the designation 2SH is applied. On the shafts, the main journals of which are made according to the second denomination, and the connecting rod - according to the first, the designation 2K is applied.

The nominal number of the connecting rod and main bearing shells is marked on the outer cylindrical surface of each shell. The designation H1 is applied to the inserts of the first denomination, and the designation H2 is on the inserts of the second denomination.

It is forbidden to install on the shaft inserts of a nominal value that does not correspond to the symbol on the shaft. It is also impossible to install the upper insert instead of the lower one and vice versa.

When selecting the main bearings of the D-144 crankshaft of the T40 tractor, pay attention to their completeness. The completeness of the inserts is judged by the numbers (except for the denomination and the brand of the diesel engine) printed on the inserts.

Top and bottom bushings, supplied as spare parts, are selected at the factory. Violation of the completeness of the two inserts is unacceptable.

In addition to the production ratings, there are four repair sizes of connecting rod and main bearings, which are designated as follows: inserts of the first repair size P1, inserts of the second repair size P2, etc.

e. A similar marking is applied to the side surface of the thrust half rings only of repair sizes.

When regrinding the crankshaft journals to the repair size, it is necessary to maintain the journal dimensions and, in accordance with the obtained repair size, after regrinding, select and install the liners, as indicated earlier.

In the process of grinding, the radius of the crank should be strictly observed, equal to 60 ± 0.09 mm, and the radius of the transition fillets is 5 -0.5 mm, since with an increase in the radius of the crank, the piston may hit the valve or cylinder head, and if the radius of the fillet is reduced, breakdowns are possible crankshaft.

The sharp edges of the oil channels on the journals should be carefully rounded off, and the surfaces of the journals and transition fillets should be polished.

When assembling the connecting rod and main bearings of the crankshaft of the D-144 engine of the T40 tractor, it is strictly prohibited:

- scrape the working surfaces of the inserts;

- sawing off the main bearing caps, as well as placing gaskets in the joint of the liners and between the liners and its bed;

- uncomplete the bearing shells, and also install them on another journal of the crankshaft;

- rearrange the caps of the lower connecting rod head from one connecting rod to another or turn them over;

- install connecting rod bolts and bearing studs with extended or stripped threads;

- adjust the bearing clearance by incomplete tightening of the connecting rod bolt nuts and the nuts of the main bearing studs;

- lock the nuts of the main bearing studs with plates that have been used more than two times (the second time the plates can be used provided there are no cracks and surface crushing under the nut).

Before assembling the crank mechanism, all oil supply channels in the crankcase and crankshaft, as well as the cavities of the connecting rod journals should be cleaned, washed with diesel fuel and blown with compressed air.

When placing the crankshaft of the D144 engine of the T-40 tractor in the main bearings and assembling the connecting rod bearings, it is necessary to ensure proper cleanliness of the working surfaces of the liners and shaft journals. Any nicks, dents, burrs and risks found must be carefully cleaned.

The beds and outer surfaces of the liners should be wiped dry, and the shaft journals should be lubricated with a thin layer of engine oil. When installing the liner in the bed, make sure that the fixing antenna falls into the groove of the nest bed.

The nuts of the main bearing studs are tightened to a torque of 177-197 Nm (18-20 kg / cm). The special bolt securing the fan drive pulley is tightened to 235-372 Nm (24-38 kg / cm).

A correctly laid crankshaft should rotate freely in tightened bearings without signs of jamming, and the lower ends of the connecting rods should move along the necks with hand force.

When dismantling the diesel engine, it is necessary to replace the refractory grease in front bearing the clutch shaft located in the flywheel bore.

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

There were a number of large manufacturers tractor equipment, which independently developed and produced engines for their products. One of these enterprises was a factory built in 1945. The first cars were assembled from sets of parts sent from Leningrad, from the Kirov plant.

Universal motor

In 1959, the production of the first engine model was mastered in Vladimir. It was the air-cooled two-cylinder D-30. Three years later, the plant launched mass production of the USSR's first four-cylinder diesel engine D-37M with an air cooling system. Currently, the production of improved engines of this scheme continues.

One of these motors is the D-144 engine, which is further development family D-120/130. The characteristics and versatility of the design make it possible to use it on more than ten types of equipment. The motor is installed on tractors, forklift trucks, road surface repair equipment, mobile compressor and welding stations, track machines. The power pack is often used to drive chassis-mounted concrete mixers trucks... A general view of the photo can be found below in the article.

General design

D-144 is a classic four-stroke unit with ignition fuel mixture from compression. Currently, the plant produces three modifications, differing in nominal crankshaft speeds - 2000, 1800 and 1500 rpm. Depending on the speed of rotation, the engines develop power from 37 to 60 liters. from. These characteristics of the D-144 are guaranteed by the plant not earlier than after 60 hours of operating time, subject to all operating rules.

Depending on the modifications, this engine can be equipped with a single cylinder air compressor, a gear pump for the hydraulic system, electrical system with a voltage of 12 or 24 Volts, an automatic stop system. There are also modifications for different climatic zones. The equipment features are indicated as an additional index to the designation of the base model. The engine mounted on a concrete mixer is shown in the photo below.

The D-144 engine design consists of the following main units:

• Attachments, including electrical equipment.
• Engine crankcase.
• Crankshaft, connecting rods, pistons and cylinders.
• Gas distribution systems.
• Power supply systems.
• Lubrication and cooling systems.

Attachments

There is a crankshaft pulley on the front of the engine, from which one or two belt drives go. The transmission to the generator and axial fan for the cooling system is available on all versions of the motor. This belt is tensioned by changing the position of the generator. The second belt is optional and serves to drive the compressor. This belt is tensioned by a separate roller. On the front of the engine there is a timing gear cover and a crankcase oil filler neck. The cover is fitted with a motor running hours counter and an optional hydraulic pump. A photo of the air compressor is also in the article.

On the left side of the crankcase, there are fuel filters and a fuel supply pump. The pump rotates from the camshaft drive gears. An oil dipstick is located at the bottom of the crankcase. The intake and exhaust manifolds are installed on the left side of the cylinders. One of the cooling system deflectors is installed on the second and third cylinders.

On the opposite side of the D-144 engine, a fan with a guiding casing, a starter, an oil filter and a generator are installed. On the right-hand side of the cylinder heads, there are fuel injection nozzles and a decompressor link.

A cast iron flywheel housing is mounted on the rear. The lower part of the engine is covered with a stamped sump that serves as an oil reservoir. There is a screw plug with an O-ring to drain the oil in the sump.

Electrical equipment

The diesel engine has a very simple scheme electrical equipment. The system includes only a few components - glow plugs, generator and starter. The system voltage can be in two versions - for 12 and 24 V. Accordingly, the powers of the nodes also differ. So, the generator has a power of 700 W with a 12-volt version and 1000 W with a 24-volt version. The starter has a power rating of 6 and 8 liters. from. respectively.

Crankcase and engine piston group

The crankcase is the main part of the engine on which all components and assemblies are installed. In the upper part of the crankcase, there are four round bores for the installation of individual cylinders. The crankcase has supports located above the lower plane of the connector. This solution allows increasing the block rigidity, which is an important technical characteristic of the D-144 engine.

The individual cylinders are made of ductile iron and have external cooling fins. The inner surface of the cylinder is machined and serves as a working mirror. When worn and damaged, the cylinder is not bored, but replaced with a new one.

Cast from aluminum alloy. The combustion chamber to provide a more complete process is made in the form of a recess in the piston crown. Each piston has three ring grooves.

Supply system

For fuel supply, conventional fuel pumps, creating high injection pressure, mechanically driven. Pumps of domestic and foreign production are used. Optionally, a lever can be installed on the pump housing to automatically stop the engine. The engine is stopped regardless of the position of the fuel supply rod to the injectors. To stop the engine, remote control can be used by a signal from a timer or when receiving alarm data from temperature or oil pressure sensors.

Before being fed to the pump, the fuel is purified in two stages in fine and coarse filters. The fuel is supplied from the pump to the injectors via copper pipes. One of critical devices the power system is an air cleaner. In the design of the D-144, two types of filters are used - replaceable paper and inertial oil.

Gas distribution system

A characteristic feature of Vladimir engines is the use of individual heads for each cylinder. Aluminum heads with well-developed cooling fins. Such constructive solution simplifies the production technology of parts and their replacement. In addition, there is an air gap between the heads for more even cooling.

The cylinder heads are equipped with an intake and exhaust valves, a threaded hole for installing a nozzle and a decompressor. The decompression device uses intake valves in its operation and is used to facilitate starting the engine in low temperatures. The cylinder head can be seen in the photo below.

The valve drive is carried out as follows - when the camshaft rotates, the cam moves the pusher, which begins to move the rod. The rods pass through special holes in the crankcase, sealed with bushings. The rod through the rocker presses the valve and opens it. Then, as the tappet is lowered, the valve spring closes it. The timing of the gas distribution is adjusted according to the marks on the drive gears. Further on the photo you can see the repair kit: piston, cylinder, pin and rings.

Lubrication and cooling system

The engine uses a mixed-flow, pressurized, splash lubrication system. A gear pump located at the front of the engine is used to supply pressurized oil. The pump is driven from the gear block of the gas distribution mechanism. The pressure in the system is controlled by a special pressure reducing valve.

Maintaining the lubrication system of the D-144 engine in good condition is the main guarantee of the reliable operation of the machine as a whole. Maintenance of the system consists in monitoring the level and timely replacement oils and filters. An air-cooled engine uses oil as an additional heat sink. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the cleanliness and serviceability of the oil cooler.

To maintain the technical characteristics of the D-144 engine, reliable cooling is required in all operating conditions. The main cooling means is an axial fan, which blows air into the gap between the ribs of thermally loaded parts. For the formation and direction of the flow, a guiding casing and deflectors fixed between the cylinders serve. There is an oil cooler inside the casing, which can be switched off in winter time... The radiator shut-off valve is located on oil filter... The cooling air flow rate is regulated by the rotary disc in the air intake.

VTZ engines in many ways surpass their gasoline counterparts and have a longer life time, and subject to the rules of operation, storage and maintenance, they are able to work for a long time without major repairs. These power units have a high torque in a wide rpm range, which makes the equipment equipped with them more dynamic and manageable. Each model in the line diesel engines VTZ has its technical features, and all representatives lineup reduced percentage of carbon monoxide in exhaust gases.

VTZ D 144 engine represents 4-stroke 2-cylinderair-cooled engine. The convenient layout and small dimensions allow it to easily fit into various equipment. Thanks to the successful design of the fuel injection system diesel engine VTZ D144 its cylinders create optimal conditions for the combustion of the fuel mixture, guaranteeing a low carbon monoxide content and low toxicity of exhaust gases.

You can purchase the VTZ diesel engines you need from SUET Company. Make an application in any form on diesel engines VTZ You can on the specialized page | Orders without leaving this resource.

You can also order and buy a VTZ D 144 diesel engine in a convenient way for you - by phone or by visiting our representative offices.

Areas of use diesel engine VTZ D 144 - tractors T-40, T28X4M and LTZ-55, forklift trucks 4014D, 40811, 40261, 40271, 40816, road rollers DU-63-1, DU-47B, DU-93, DU-94, asphalt pavers DS-143, DS-155, concrete mixer trucksSB-92-V1, SB-172-1, compressor stations type PKSD and ZIF, welding units type ADD, power plants ED-16-T400-1VP, AD-16-T400-1VP, track machines MSHU and PRM.

The main specifications diesel engine VTZ D 144

Operational power, kW (hp)	44,1 (60)	36,8 (50)	27,23 (37)
Rated speed, rpm	2200	1800	1500
Cylinder diameter and piston stroke, mm.	105/120
Number and arrangement of cylinders	4p
Working volume of cylinders, l.	4,15
Maximum torque, Nm (kgs.m)	221,4 (22,57)	204,8 (20,9)	192 (19,7)
Rated safety factor of torque	15 (-3,+10)
Specific fuel consumption, g / kWh (g / hp h) at operating power	242+7 (178+5)	241+7 (177+5)	239+7 (176+5)
Relative oil consumption for waste from fuel consumption,%	0,3 - 0,5
Diesel weight in delivery condition, dry, kg	375-390 (depending on configuration)
Overall dimensions, mm. length width height	919 741 848

The price of a diesel engine VTZ D 144, when ordering bulk quantities, can be significantly reduced. Buy diesel engines it is possible in any city of the Russian Federation, diesel engines are shipped from the warehouses of SUET every day, seven days a week. To find out prices and conditions supplies of diesel engine VTZ D 144, please contact our specialists or make an application for engines on the page Order.

VTZ engines are very economical. High degree compression of the working mixture ensures its most complete combustion, and a high Efficiency reduces fuel consumption and significantly reduces the degree of engine exploitation. Diesel fuel also serves as a natural lubricant for the motor. Due to the strength of the connecting rod-piston group, block and other parts, motor resourcevTZ diesel engines almost double the service life of gasoline units.