Traction equipment is in great demand today, since it allows you to simplify many tasks and do a large amount of work in a wide variety of areas of human activity. It can be used both in the extraction of various kinds of minerals, and in the construction of structures and the implementation of other tasks necessary to maintain the life of mankind.

One of the most popular tractors

This position is rightfully claimed by KamAZ 53215, specifications which are excellent for the task at hand. Depending on the modification, the tractor can be equipped with engines of different power. The peculiarity that the engine possesses is the fuel material, which allowed the installation of a turbocharger to increase power, as well as a rather specific cooling system. The latter is played by a special supercharged design. KamAZ 53215, the engine of which is already considered somewhat outdated, is still classified as environmentally friendly. The amount of harmful materials emitted with the exhaust is minimal.

Restyling

Most recently, the company presented an updated KamAZ 53215. Its main feature was a modified engine, which became stronger, now its power is 320 hp. Of the minuses of this modernization, it is worth noting the limited edition. Because of this, it will be very difficult to meet such a tractor on the roads. Despite this, many were interested in this KamAZ 53215, the photo of the engine got into the network, thereby attracting even more fans of this technology.

Another difference of the new engine is its very large roll. In the longitudinal plane, this value is 20 degrees, and in the transverse plane - 10. It is these parameters that will allow the new tractor to overcome rather problematic areas, which are characteristic of not entirely uniform terrain. The resource of such a unit is also very large. It will be necessary to change the oil only after 16 thousand runs. Depending on the operational parameters, as well as modes of use, this parameter can change both up and down.

terms of Use

Depending on where KamAZ 53215 is used, other consumables are used. If loading equipment is installed at the base, which operates in conditions of constant dampness, as well as with very large temperature differences, then the oil must also be changed more often.

If the climate is dry, and temperature differences are not observed (or are minimal), then operate without replacement engine oil the engine can be up to 20 thousand mileage.

The total volume of material used to lubricate all engine elements is 28 liters. Moreover, the maximum temperature of the cooling system, at which normal operation is guaranteed, is no more than 95 degrees. Depending on the modification of KamAZ 53215, the characteristics of the engine may change.

For normal work and long-term operation, fuel tanks can be installed on the updated KamAZ, both 350 and 500 liters, it all depends on the modification, as well as the purpose.

Capabilities

The carrying capacity of KamAZ 53215 is as much as 11 tons. In addition, thanks to the powerful V-shaped motor it is possible to tow an additional trailer, the weight of which can reach up to 14 tons. The truck has a 6 by 4 wheel arrangement, and is capable of speeds over 90 km / h. The outer turning radius is only 9.8 meters.

The KamAZ 53215 scheme also allows you to install an additional working equipment: container, truck crane, device for spreading sand, for watering and washing roads.

Chassis

Many years have passed since the development of the KamAZ 53215 chassis, but the design is relevant to this day. The frame, which is the supporting part, is made of special steel. This material has very high strength as well as incredible corrosion resistance. It was the frame that allowed the tractor to withstand not only heavy weight additional equipment, but also a significant mass of goods intended for transportation. The total weight of the tractor with a trailer can reach 33 tons. At the same time, the front axle has a load of 3.6 tons, and the rear axle - 4.7.

The mass of the truck with an empty body is 8.4 tons, this is without taking into account the weight of lubricants, as well as filling fluids.

The diagram shows how all six wheels are installed. Material - high-strength steel. When necessary, such wheels are very quickly and easily repaired and balanced. This is perhaps one of the greatest advantages of this tractor.

Depending on the model, different tires can be used, but, as a rule, they are chambered, although there are configurations that work with tubeless cylinders.

A very popular combination of KamAZ 53215 is a platform with sides. This design has won particular respect in the construction industry. Its dimensions are 4.8 meters in length and 2.32 in width.

The cab is mounted directly above the engine, it looks very compact, but interior quite spacious and has a high level of comfort. Equipped with a high roof and additional driver's seat adjustment.

If necessary, a crew of three can be accommodated inside, together with a driver. Some configurations provide for the installation of a berth. This allows you to travel long distances with a relative level of comfort. Cab sound insulation is mediocre. The engine runs relatively quietly, which allows communication inside the cab in an almost undertone, which also has a positive effect on the sensitivity of the hearing organs and on ride comfort.

The disadvantage of such a cabin is the absence of a lifting mechanism. If it is necessary to carry out some repair actions, it will be necessary to manually raise the entire cabin, since this particular model is not equipped with a hydraulic drive.

Transmission

The KamAZ 53215 engine is paired with manual transmission and with an additional demultiplier that acts as a divider. The designers have specially developed such a transmission to work in especially difficult conditions.

The modified KamAZ 53215, the photo of which is below, is equipped with two gearboxes. The splitter transmission is located between the clutch and the main gearbox. The use of an additional box is carried out only in special cases... For example, it is very difficult for the motor to work in second gear, and there are not enough rpm for the third gear.

The main transmission has 10 gears. In this case, the gear ratio of the bridges is 7.22. The parameters of the main gearbox are standard, but there are also duplicate ones gear ratios... The use of these parameters is possible only when the divider is connected. It is precisely because of the demultiplier that the engine wears out less, which significantly increases its resource, comfort when driving.

Electrical equipment

A kind of electrical equipment is installed at KamAZ 53215, which is divided into several systems capable of working with each other:

• electrical wiring for heating inside the passenger compartment, as well as for controlling the wiper and washer;
• wiring for normal operation of both indoor and outdoor lighting;
• equipment power unit.

The peculiarity of KamAZ 53215 is the use of a generator with an operating power of 800 W, depending on the modification, it is possible to install a 2 kW generator. A complete set with an 800 W generator has its own advantages:

• the voltage inside the network is 28 V;
• straightening unit available;
• there is a regulator for changing the voltage;
• all stator windings are star-connected.

It is possible to install a rotor from the previous model on the generator, which operates at 14 V. This application allows you to reduce the risk of overvoltage that can occur when the load drops. In 53215, two batteries operate simultaneously, with the voltage on each equal to 12 V.

Relevance

Today KamAZ is one of the most popular and most demanded vehicles of this class. There are many reasons for this, among which: not very high price; ease of implementation renovation works; unpretentiousness in work.

KamAZ 53215, whose technical characteristics are inferior only to some European counterparts, compensates for all its shortcomings with a difference in price. It should be noted that the cost of KamAZ 53215 is only 1.72 million rubles.

KamAZ-53215 is a family of three-axle trucks with a "6 × 4" wheel arrangement, provided in two modifications: an onboard version intended for the transportation of a wide range of goods (including as part of a road train), and a chassis vehicle, which is focused on the installation of various special superstructures.

A car is born, which is upgraded version models with the index "53212/53213" appeared in 2001, but at the end of the first decade they had already left the assembly line.

KamAZ-53215 has a metal two-door cab with a design characteristic of Kama products and a three-seat layout (both without a sleeping "shelf", and with it).

The chassis car is 7190-8040 mm long, 2500 mm wide, and 3110 mm high. The distance between the axles varies from 3190 to 3690 mm, and the base of the rear bogie is 1320 mm.

The onboard model, in turn, is 8535 mm in length, and by default it relies loading platform 6114 mm long and 2420 mm wide with metal folding sides 725 mm high.

When equipped, the KamAZ-53215 chassis weighs from 6,900 to 7,500 kg, and it is capable of accepting a superstructure weighing no more than 12,000 kg. The weight of a flatbed truck does not exceed 8,500 kg, and its carrying capacity is a little more modest - 11,000 kg.

Regardless of the modification, the machine can operate as part of a road train with a gross weight of 33 650 kg.

The KamAZ-53215 is driven by a diesel V-shaped "eight" model "740.31-240" with a working volume of 10.85 liters, which meets the environmental requirements of "Euro-3" and is equipped with a turbocharger, charge air cooling system and direct injection. The maximum engine power is 240 horse power (its nominal potential is 225 "stallions") at 2200 rpm, and its torque reaches 912 Nm at 1100-1500 rpm.
The power unit works in conjunction with a 10-speed manual transmission, a dry double-disc clutch with a hydraulic drive and pneumatic booster, as well as a lockable center differential.

KamAZ-53215 can accelerate to a maximum speed of at least 90 km / h, and the consumption of diesel fuel does not exceed 24.5 liters for each “hundred” in the combined cycle in the summer and 27.1 liters in the winter.

At the heart of the Kama truck is a supporting frame made of high-strength steel, on which all the main components and assemblies are mounted. The front axle of the car is equipped with dependent suspension on two semi-elliptical springs, and the rear bogie is equipped with a balance-type architecture with semi-elliptical springs.

This tractor is, by default, "armed" with a pneumatic brake system and drum mechanisms on all wheels with a diameter of 400 mm. The steering complex of the machine is formed by a "worm" system and a hydraulic control amplifier. Depending on the modification, it is equipped with fuel tanks with a total volume of 210 to 500 liters.

On russian market The KamAZ-53215 chassis in 2017 is offered at a price of ~ 1.5 million rubles (meaning "fresh" options), while the onboard modification will cost more - from ~ 1.7 million rubles.

Truck KAMAZ-53215 is a classic representative of cars high cross-country ability... This model is versatile, reliable and easy to use. It was released only in 2001 and continues to be manufactured to this day. The popular Soviet models became an analogue for the production of this machine, which made it possible to equip it with the best mechanisms and systems.

Scope of application

KAMAZ 53215 has a wide range of applications in different industries and the national economy:

• oil and gas production;
• meeting the needs of construction;
• industrial production;
• ensuring the activities of emergency services;
• for the logging industry;
• agriculture (mainly for the transportation of grain crops).

The truck can be used to organize transportation for short or long distances. Cranes, vans, tanks and other equipment are installed on the chassis of this vehicle, depending on the needs. If necessary, without any special difficulties, the KAMAZ 53215 vehicle can be re-equipped to solve the assigned tasks with a minimum design change.

Truck performance parameters

When studying the technical characteristics of KAMAZ 53215, one should pay attention to the following indicators:

Engine KAMAZ 53215

All modifications of KAMAZ 53215 are equipped with diesel engines domestic production 740 series. They are equipped with a turbocharger, an air intercooler. Its cylinders are V-shaped.

This engine is an outdated model, but this does not prevent it from being classified as environmentally friendly. It allocates a minimum amount exhaust gases, therefore, practically does not pollute the atmosphere.

Truck chassis and transmission

The chassis of the truck has the following parameters:

• the front wheel track is 2.05 m;
• rear - 1.89 m.

KAMAZ 53215 is equipped with a manual transmission with a splitter. Its design allows the truck to be used in particularly difficult conditions. There is also an additional gearbox, switching to which occurs in extreme cases. The main gearbox has 10 operating modes.

The brake mechanisms of KAMAZ 53215 have an impressive weight. This system consists of the following parts:

• pneumatic drive;
• brake drums;
• brake linings.

Truck electrical system

The electrical system ensuring the efficient operation of KAMAZ 53215 consists of several parts:

• wiring - intended for heating the passenger compartment, control over the glass cleaner;
• the wiring that powers the interior and exterior lighting;
• instrumentation wiring;
• starting system for the power unit.

All truck models are combined with an excellent basic configuration, which ensures their reliable and efficient operation.

KamAZ-53215 is a dump truck that has been produced by the Kama Automobile Plant since 2001.

Purpose and modifications

This technique is produced for the transportation of various goods in industrial enterprises and in agriculture, so it can be used as a timber truck, grain truck, agricultural worker, timber truck, etc.

KamAZ-53215 garbage truck is designed to perform work on construction sites and during public works. Also this vehicle used in oil refineries and gas production enterprises.

There are 2 modifications of this manipulator: a chassis for installing additional equipment and KamAZ-53215 - an onboard vehicle.

Chassis variations:

• 53215-10-31-15;
• 53215-1050-15;
• 53215-0301031-13;
• 53215-0301052-13.

Each modification differs in volume fuel tank, power of the power unit, the number of forward and reverse gears, maximum speed movement and lifting properties.

Specifications

KamAZ-53215 technical characteristics and parameters have the following:

Device and system diagrams

The operating manual describes in detail all components of the structure.

See " Overview and specifications truck tractor KamAZ-5410

The device model 53215N includes such elements and systems as:

1. Engine. A diesel version is installed here, which has an increased compression ratio compared to its analogue running on gasoline.
2. Transmission. It can operate in two modes: primary and secondary. A special handle is installed to switch between them.
3. Electrical equipment. It operates on two high-capacity batteries. The generator set is capable of delivering a voltage of 2000 W.
4. Brake mechanism. KamAZ 53215 S is equipped with four braking systems: working, spare, parking and auxiliary type.
5. Driver's cab. It is designed for three people. The cab does not have a hydraulic drive, therefore, during repairs and work on maintenance the cab must be lifted manually.

Engine

A 740.31 motor is installed here, which is manufactured in accordance with the international environmental standard Euro-2:

• the compression ratio of the fuel fluid - 16.5;
• maximum torque - 912 Nm;
• rated speed - 2200 rpm.

The engine consists of:

• high pressure fuel pump;
• compressor;
• filter elements;
• flywheel;
• crankshaft;
• nozzles;
• piston part;
• pulley;
• fan.

Parameters and characteristics of the power unit:

Transmission

The KamAZ-53215-15 is equipped with a ten-speed manual gearbox with an additional de-duplicator, which acts as a divider. This type of transmission allows you to operate the vehicle in off-road conditions.

Device:

1. Divider. It is located between the clutch system and the main gearbox.
2. Input shaft splines, carriages, couplings. These details have elevated level reliability and durability due to the increased height of the teeth.
3. Air system that is controlled by a divider valve.
4. Front type output shaft support bearing.
5. Drive shaft.
6. Adjustment spacers.
7. Handle stem.
8. Protective ring.
9. O-rings.
10. Spring.

See " Scroll frequent breakdowns Fuel injection pump of KamAZ and ways to eliminate them

Electrical equipment

The wiring diagram consists of the following elements:

1. Light type signaling.
2. Sound alarm.
3. Outdoor lighting, i.e. near and high beam, parking lights, headlights with anti-fog properties.
4. Lighting inside the driver's cab.
5. Engine starting system.
6. Turning lights.
7. Control and measuring devices that are located on the dashboard.
8. Indicators and motion sensors.

The operation of electrical equipment depends on two nodes:

1. Rechargeable batteries. They are responsible for supplying the starting system with voltage, as well as for powering the main electrical equipment when the internal combustion engine is off.
2. Generator. It is a feeding element for all systems and mechanisms while driving. It provides charge replenishment rechargeable batteriesthat was spent on starting the engine.

Brake system

Device brake system:

1. Compressor with one cylindrical element. The performance level is 380 liters in 1 minute at rpm crankshaft 2200 rpm
2. Brake valve with two sections and an overhead pedal. The pedal is located on the front panel in the vehicle interior.
3. Safety valve of 4-circuit type.
4. Accelerator valve. The manufacturer has placed it in the brake circuit line to reduce the amount of time it takes to apply the brakes.
5. Proportional valve.
6. Pneumatic double-circuit drive.
7. Automatic heads.

Brakes are located on all vehicle chassis. Color scheme brake system is in the user manual.

Cabin

The unit is equipped with a three-seater all-metal welded cab for the driver. It is mounted on the frame and fixed on the front type pivot elements and on the rear sprung support devices. This helps keep the cab from being affected by uneven road surfaces.

The design includes: windshield, 2 rear windows, pivoting vents, glass. All this allows the driver to provide a good viewing angle during work.

For ventilation in the cockpit, 2 ventilation hatches, sliding glass are responsible.

The heating device can be used to regulate the air temperature inside the passenger compartment.

The cab is equipped noise insulation, soft sheathing and comfortable seatsthat can be adjusted in height.

See " Distinctive features and characteristics of the KamAZ-54115 truck tractor

Kamsky car factory for more than forty years it has been the leader of the domestic automotive industry. Not only Soviet engineers were involved in its design, but also American, French and German firms. More than seven hundred companies from Europe, USA, Canada and Japan participated in the construction and equipping of the enterprise. Currently, the public joint-stock company "KamAZ" includes more than eight dozen enterprises and organizations located in Russia, as well as in the near and far abroad. KAMAZ trucks have always been distinguished by their reliability, excellent driving performance, modern technical parameters and low maintenance. Today PJSC "KamAZ" holds a leading position in the supply of heavy trucks to the Russian market. In addition, exports are carried out all over the world. The assembly of vehicles with the KAMAZ logo and the image of an argamak on the hood is carried out on assembly lines in Vietnam, Kazakhstan, Pakistan and India. The products meet all international quality and safety standards. In construction modern machines used components from world renowned automotive manufacturers. Among them are BOSCH, ZF, Grammer, Palfinger AG, etc. The number of modifications of heavy-duty trucks produced by the plant exceeds fifty, and there are more than two hundred configuration options. The first vehicle that came off the assembly line of the enterprise was the KAMAZ 5320 flatbed truck. As a successor to this line, a modern flatbed truck KAMAZ 53215, the production of which was started in 2001.

Navigating the article

Appointment

KAMAZ onboard vehicles have always been distinguished by their versatility. Even the first modifications of the KAMAZ 5320 were intended both to provide transportation in industry and agriculture, and in many other areas, including military use. The onboard platform and chassis KAMAZ 53215 are used in oil and gas production, various types of construction, in industrial production, in the logging industry, as well as to support the activities of emergency services. In agriculture, KAMAZ 53215 is convenient as a tractor-grain carrier for working with a trailer. The car is successfully used on intraregional routes, as well as on intercity and interregional general routes. On universal chassis KAMAZ 53215 installed municipal vehicles, truck cranes, loader cranes, drills, various types of vans, tank cars and other equipment. The installed equipment ultimately determines the purpose of the car. If necessary, the KAMAZ 53215 chassis can be converted with a minimum number of changes in the design of the vehicle itself. The list of installed equipment is wide enough and includes both domestic units and their foreign counterparts.

Modifications

The versatility of the KAMAZ 53215 vehicle determines a variety of different types complete set. They differ in the capacity of fuel tanks (210, 250, 350 and 500 liters), the presence or absence of anatomical seats, a berth, protective cover exhaust manifold, and others design features... KAMAZ 53215 is produced in two main modifications:

1. Onboard car;
2. Chassis for the installation of special equipment.

The main modifications of the chassis include:

• KAMAZ 53215-10-31-15 - wheel arrangement 6X4, mounting frame length 4980 mm, fuel tank with a capacity of 210 l, engine power 240 hp;
• KAMAZ 53215-1050-15 - wheel arrangement 6X4, mounting frame length 5750 mm, fuel tank 500 l, cab with berth, engine power 240 hp;
• KAMAZ 53215-0301031-13 - wheel arrangement 6X4, length of the mounting frame 5070 mm, double busbars of the rear wheels, increased carrying capacity of 12 tons, fuel tank capacity 210 l, rear wheel holder, side protection, safety bar, towing hitch "hook- loop ", injection pump" Yazda ", engine power 260 hp, center differential lock, gear ratio main gear 5,94;
• KAMAZ 53215-0301052-13 - wheel arrangement 6X4, the length of the mounting frame is 5750 mm, double tires of the rear wheels, berth, fuel tank capacity of 500 liters, side protection, safety bar, injection pump "Yazda", engine power 260 hp, rear wheel holder, center differential lock, final drive ratio 5.43.

Good dynamics of the car is ensured by the use of manual transmission 152 in all modifications.

Specifications

KAMAZ 53215 with an onboard platform is a three-axle heavy-duty truck with the following parameters:

Weight characteristics and loads

• Truck curb weight - 8500 kg;
• Load distribution - front axle 3900 kg, rear bogie 4600 kg;
• Car carrying capacity - 11000 kg;
• Gross vehicle weight - 19650 kg;
• Load distribution at full weight - front axle 4420 kg, rear bogie 15230 kg;
• Permissible trailer weight - 14 tons;
• The total mass of the road train is 33650 kg.

Cargo platform parameters

• Type - side, with metal drop sides. Depending on the modification, it can be completed with a frame and an awning, as well as benches for accommodating people;
• Internal dimensions - 6100X2320 mm;
• The height of the main boards is 500 mm. Installation of extension boards is provided.

Chassis and transmission

Front and rear suspension of the KAMAZ 53215 vehicle is spring. The rear wheels have double busbars. Pneumatic chambered or pneumatic wheels are installed on disc steel wheels 7.5R20 (190-508) in size. tubeless tires size 10.00R20 (280R508). All wheels are equipped with pneumatic drum-type brakes. All modifications of the car are equipped with a manual five-speed gearbox with a demultiplier. Remote control, mechanical. The gearbox provides movement in 10 forward gears and 2 reverse gears. The clutch is diaphragm, frictional, single-plate. The drive is hydraulic, with a pneumatic booster. On latest modifications a double-disc clutch is installed with increased carrying capacity. The transmission uses a two-stage mechanical transfer case pneumatically controlled. The final drive ratio is 5.43, 5.94 or 7.22.

Dynamic characteristics

• The maximum vehicle speed declared by the manufacturer is 95 km / h;
• The maximum angle of the overcome rise - 25 degrees;
• The outer turning radius is 9.8 m.

Electrical equipment

The car is equipped with a single-wire electrical circuit with a rated voltage of 24 V. An alternator with a rated voltage of 28 V and a power of 1000 W with a rectifier unit and two series-connected batteries with a capacity of 190 A / h each are used as energy sources.

Operation and features

KAMAZ 53215 is maximally adapted to work in domestic road conditions. Special equipment on the KAMAZ 53215 chassis is an excellent alternative to foreign trucks for various purposes. At the same time, operating costs are relatively low. The engine has a long service life, with an oil change every 16,000 km. Fuel consumption per 100 km of track averages 24.5 liters in summer and 27 liters in winter, which is quite an acceptable figure. The model is constantly being improved and modernized. If the first KAMAZ 53215 vehicles were not equipped with a hydraulic cab lift, then this deficiency was subsequently eliminated. One of the features of the truck is the ability to install high and low cabins, with or without a berth.

Video

Engine

All modifications of KAMAZ 53215 are equipped with domestic diesel engines of the 740th series. Most of the vehicles are equipped with a KAMAZ 740.31-240 power plant.

Basic parameters of KAMAZ 740.31-240

• Type - diesel, with turbocharging, intercooling of charge air;
• Number and arrangement of cylinders - 8, V-shaped;
• Working volume - 10.85 liters;
• Rated power at a crankshaft speed of 2200 rpm - 240 HP (176 kW);
• Power at maximum torque at 1400 rpm - 186 hp (137 kW);
• Torque - nominal 734 Nm, maximum 932 Nm;
• Conformity environmental standards - Euro 2;
• Engine weight - 885 kg.

Some of the machines are equipped with more powerful power plants with a maximum power of 260 and 300 hp

Price

Onboard KAMAZ 53215 without run on the market heavy vehicles on average it is offered for 2 million 700 thousand. rub. Average price of new chassis in basic configuration 2 million 500 thousand rubles. Used cars for 5-7 years cost in the range of 1 million 700 thousand rubles. up to 2 million rubles. The price for cars with installed equipment largely depends on its type and technical parameters.